MGT 380 Chapter 2

The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____. more automated jobs labor shortages diminishing inventory levels high inflation rates

labor shortages

Today, the word bureaucracy is associated with inflexibility. But to Max Weber, a bureaucracy was an efficient and ideal organization based on principles of _____. impersonality logic aristocracy science

logic

The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit? Spaulding Gilbreth Taylor Maslow

Spaulding

True or false: Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management. True False

True

According to Henri Fayol, the major functions of management are: (select all that apply) supervising controlling responding leading organizing planning

controlling, leading, organizing, planning

Select the two overarching perspectives about management: quantitative historical contemporary behavioral classical

historical / contemporary

In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should study the individual talents of workers to find the best person suited to do the job. provide a clear division of labor to support individual management decisions. reduce costs and eliminate unnecessary labor by grouping efficiencies within the company together. hold meetings between managers and workers to solve problems in a mutually beneficial way.

hold meetings between managers and workers to solve problems in a mutually beneficial way

Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______. sales management production finance

management

Charles Clinton Spaulding, one of the pioneering theorists of administrative management, proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields. fundamentals foundations considerations necessities

necessities

The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories. psychology kinesiology biology physiology

psychology

As a pioneer of administrative management, Max Weber contended that bureaucracies were rational. inflexible. complacent. inefficient.

rational

What are the two branches of the classical viewpoint of management? scientific administrative contingency behavioral

scientific / administrative

The third and fourth principles of _____ suggest that organizations should give workers the training and incentives to do their tasks properly, and should use scientific principles to plan work methods and ease the way for workers to do their jobs. the historical perspective scientific management administrative management enhanced productivity

scientific management

Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to ______ management behavior. replace discourage investigate systematize

systematize

The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized administrative hierarchies that allowed for maximum worker control processes that would make work as efficient as possible the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees to achieve impersonality in relationships between workers

the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees to achieve

Frederick Taylor created the scientific management system after studying _____. the number of hours it took to train an employee wage rates associated with specific tasks the physical motions workers used while doing a task the time it took to deliver a product after it was ordered

the physical motions workers used while doing a task

Administrative management is concerned with managing ________. individual workers company assets the total organization external vendors

the total organization

Which of these statements represent ideas that Peter Drucker introduced in his book The Practice of Management? (select all that apply) Charismatic leaders are more important than management practices Without customers, businesses wouldn't exist A corporation can be thought of as a human community Production costs are a component of sales Employees should be treated as assets

without customers. businesses wouldn't exist, a corporation can be thought of as a human community, and employees should be treated as assets

What three individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory? Charles Clinton Spaulding Frederick Taylor Frank Gilbreth Lillian Gilbreth Max Weber Henri Fayol

Charles CLINTON Spaulding, Max Weber, Henri Fayol

What are two of Taylor's principles of scientific management? rely on known "rule-of-thumb" methods to accomplish a task identify a hierarchy of authority evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of it carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task

evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of it, and carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______. foster first-mover advantage enhance employee relations achieve economies of scale manage work more efficiently

manage work more efficiently

Max Weber said that a better-performing organization should have five positive _____ features including a clear hierarchy, formal procedures, clear division of labor, impersonality, and merit-based careers. efficiency managerial bureaucratic corporate

bureaucratic

Issues with the classical viewpoint include that it: (select all that apply) fails to account for the importance of human needs is especially behavioral is too difficult to use and has fallen out of favor in modern times is overly mechanistic views humans as cogs in a machine

fails to account for the importance of human needs, is overly mechanistic, views humans as cogs in a machine

Complete the following sentence with all of the true statements about the classical perspective of management. The classical perspective of management... focused on employee job satisfaction and engagement had two branches - scientific and administrative assumed that people were rational emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently

had two branches - scientific and administrative, assumed people were rational, and emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently

Two overarching perspectives about management are the ________ perspectives. classical and behavioral quantitative and qualitative systems and contingency historical and contemporary

historical and contemporary

Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____. individual workers accounting practices external vendors the supply chain

individual workers

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's personal life helped them develop ideas about improving efficiency because they raised 12 children. lived in a rural area without electricity. married during the Great Depression. ran two of the largest corporations in America.

raised 12 children

What technique did Frank and Lillian Gilbreth use to expand on Taylor's motion studies? They created logical supply chains for every industry. They filmed workers to isolate parts of a job. They created the just-in-time inventory system. They provided scripts for manager-employee conversations.

they filmed workers to isolate parts of a job