MGT Chapters 5-10

a technical support call center has just decided to extend its hours of operations to include weekends, requiring employees to work different shifts to accommodate the schedule. This change would likely be characterized as _____ change.

innovative

participative management is said to increase employee motivation and performance because it helps them fulfill three basic needs

interpersonal contact Meaningfulness of work autonomy

Which of the following are characteristics of strategy formulation?

it is the basis for determining long-term goals It is a time consuming process

Using the brains instead ot heri brawn best describes ______ workers

knowledge

House's revised path-goal theory

leaders should modify their style effective leaders will possess leaders should help employees

potential implications or groupthink

less new information is introduced fewer alternatives ideas are being brought to the table by members

external dimensions of diversity

marital status religion Parental status educational background

Kelley receives a written report every six moths detailing the production outputs of the warehouse. These reports demonstrate which step in the control process?

measure performance

The process in which a neutral third party listens to both sides in a dispute and makes suggestions toward an agreeable solution is called the ________ process.

mediation

Tactical planning is performed by _______ management determines what contributions their department or work units can make toward the organizations strategic priorities during the next 6 to 24 months.

middle

as a general rule, _______ managers establish tactical goals and focus on the actions needed to achieve the strategic of the organizations

middle

In which phase of the planning/control cycle does a company have the opportunity to get a project on track if it is failing to meet assigned objective

step 4 controls the direction by correcting deviations in the plan or by improving future plans

Lizette works for a soda bottling company and is developing a five-year plan that shows the long-term goals of the organization. Lizette is in the process of _________ planning

strategic

Stress is the feeling of tension and pressure; the source of that stress is known as _______.

stressor

the process of having two people or groups play opposing roles in a debate to better understand a proposal is known as the ________ method

dialectic

The use of brands to make a company stand out from its competitors is part of the _____ strategy

differentiation

managers taking a contingency approach to organizational design should consider the following:

differentiation vs. integration culture link between strategy, structure and culture mechanistic vs. organic environment

key aspects of execution

discussing hows and whats Using questioning and analysis

Selling several products that are not related to one another under one ownership describes ______ strategy

diversification

a gas station that sells food, souvenirs, and t-shirts is operating with a ______ strategy.

diversification

within the LMX model of leadership, ______ exchange refers to the relationship between leader and follower

in-group

Big Data

includes not only data in corporate databases but also web-browsing data trails, social network communications, sensor data, and surveillance data

A ______ is a single-use plan encompassing a broad range of projects or activities

program

engage in role playing to help them consider the decision from multiple perspectives

programmed

Business analytics tend to be ________ (quantitative/qualitative) in nature.

quantitative

The action by which workers vote on whether to accept or reject the terms of the contract negotiated by the union after collective bargaining is called ______.

ratification

Which federal legislation increased the federal minimum wage to $7.25 per hour in 2009.

Fair Minimum Wage Act

An organization should adopt strategic management and strategic planning to encourage new ideas

(An organization should adopt strategic management and strategic planning for three reasons: They can (1) provide direction and momentum, (2) encourage new ideas, and above all (3) develop a sustainable competitive advantage)

strategic planning

(type of planning) Determining what an organization's long-term goals should be for the next 1-10 years with the resources it expects to have available; -done by top management -uses to mission and vision statements to make plan -requires visionary and directional thinking

Perceptual Process

1. selective attention 2. interpretation and evaluation 3. storing in memory 4. retrieving from memory to make judgement and decisions

How often should managers and subordinates meet to give performance appraisals and rewards?

6-12 months

Business Plan

A document that outlines a proposed firm's goals, its strategy for achieving those goals, and the standards for measuring success

characteristics of highly integrated organization

A formal chain of command standardized rules and procedures frequent communication use of cross-functional teams specialists working toward a common goals

Vision

A statement that outlines long-term goal describing what the company want to become

false

Actions plans may be only be made for individuals

Which of the following would meet the SMART goal characteristic of specifying a target date?

File tax return by April 15 Lose 10 pounds by the end of the year

Personal Development

Attend time Management training

A means of evaluation strategic business units on the basis of their business growth rates and their share of the market

BCG Matrix

Sustainable competitive advantage occurs when an organization is ahead in four areas

Being responsive to customers -innovating -quality -effectiveness

When strategic goals align with one another across all levels of the business in order to contribute to overall corporate success, the business is successfully following a strategy of creating __________.

Cascading goals

identify the four types of organizational cultures

Clan Hierarchy Market Adhocracy

mechanisms that contribute to the success of measurement-managed firms

Communication provides a clear message Emphasis on teamwork and cooperation translation of strategy into measurable objectives

Type A behavior pattern

Competitive Hurried Deadline-focused

Execution

Consists of using questioning, analysis, and follow-through in order to mesh strategy with reality, align people with goals, and achieve results promised. Central part of any company's strategy

Maintenance objective

Continue current production rates on custom-printed jobs

identify the advantages of establishing deadlines

Deadlines are a great motivator Deadlines help concentrate the mind to help you make quick decisions Deadlines provide a mechanism for evaluation

Improvement Objective

Decrease scrap materials by 10% within the next quarter

Strategic positioning attempts to achieve sustainable competitive advantage by preserving what is distinctive about a company. It means, according to Porter, "performing different activities from rivals, or performing similar activities in different ways." Three key principles underlie strategic positioning: Strategy is the creation of a unique and valuable position, which emerges from three sources: few needs, many customers - broad needs, few customers - or broad needs, many customers. Strategy requires trade-offs in competing. A company has to choose not only what strategy to follow but what strategy not to follow. Strategy involves creating a "fit" among activities. "Fit" has to do with the ways a company's activities interact and reinforce one another.

Define strategic positioning. Explain the three principles that underlie strategic positioning

Kim assigned James to handle the marketing campaign for the project and put Natasha in charge of production. When Kim assigned these jobs, she was demonstrating _______.

Delegation

Which of the following would be included in the contingency planning process

Different Budgets Different strategies by competitors Different economic conditions

Which of the following are appropriate actions for a manager to take if a decision is not working as intended?

Give it more time Start over Change it slightly Try another alternative

Stars

Has a large market share in rapidly growing industry

Within the financial company Brendan works for there is a vice president of marketing, a vice president of sales, and vice president of accounting. These positions are all examples of ______ specialization.

Horizontal

Corey is preparing the business model for his necktie manufacturing facility. Which of the following should be included

How the neckties will be marketed

Why is planning important to a company

It helps the company achieve goals

During his review process, Ron's manager gave him a list of goals he wanted him to achieve over the next six months. Ron was surprised to see some of the goals because his manager had never even discussed them with him. Which part of MBO did Ron fail to receive?

Jointly set Objectives

Cost-Focus

Keeping costs and prices of a product or service below those we of competitors and targeting a narrow market

Cost Leadership

Keeping costs and prices of a product or service below those we of competitors and targeting a wide cost-leadership targets a wide market

1. Establish mutually agreed objectives between employee and supervisor 2. Develop action plan to accomplish objectives 3. Monitor progress toward achievement of objectives (ongoing) 4. Formally evaluate extent to which objectives were met or exceeded

Key Steps of the Management by Objectives (MBO) Cycle

identify the strategies to writing e-mail messages and reports most effectively

List ideas from least controversial to most controversial start with your purpose List your ideas form most important to least important

Which of the following are example of action plans?

Marketing plan Product plan

Which of the following are examples of action plans?

Marketing plan Product plan

As a general rule _______ managers establish tactical goals and focus on the actions needed to achieve the strategic goals of the organization

Middle

As a company undertakes strategic management, which three groups should be involved?

Middle managers, Top managers, First-Line managers

The _____ statement expresses the purpose of an organization or reason for being.

Mission

For management by objectives to be successful, which of the following must occur?

Objectives must cascade through the organization It must be applied organization wide top management must be committed

Focused-differentiation

Offering products or services that are of unique and superior value compared to those of competitors but targeting a narrow market narrow market

Differentiation

Offering products or services that are of unique and superior value compared to those of competitors but targeting a wide market wide market

After he was told that the company expected a 12% sales increase by next year, the warehouse foreman had to plan for an increase in the amount of product on the warehouse floor and additional worker hours to support the increase in production. This is an example of _________ planning

Operational

What are the three types of goals used in planning that become the hierarchy for chain?

Operational Strategic Tactical

Policy

Outlines the general response to a designated problem or situation -guidelines -up for interpretation

-helps you keep in control, to make sure you're headed in the right direction. -continuous feedback loop A cycle that has two planning steps (1 and 2) and two control steps (3 and 4), as follows: (1) Make the plan. (2) Carry out the plan. (3) Control the direction by comparing results with the plan. (4) Control the direction by taking corrective action in two ways—namely, (a) by correcting deviations in the plan being carried out, or (b) by improving future plans.

Planning/Control Cycle

single-use plan

Plans developed for activities that are not likely to be repeated in the future; such plans can be either (1) programs or (2) projects.

1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers 2. Bargaining Power of Customers 3. Threat of New Entrants 4. Threat of Substitutes 5. Competitive Rivalry between Existing Players

Porters Five Competitive Forces

Several endeavors run by NASA like the Challenger project and the Hubble Telescope project are examples of:

Programs

A goal that is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results oriented, and has Target dates.

SMART goal

Plans developed for activities that occur repeatedly over a period of time; such plans consist of (1) policies, (2) procedures, or (3) rules.

Standing Plan

Vision Statement

Statement that expresses what the organization should become and where it wants to go strategically. -"what do we want to become

________ goals are long-term and specific commitments to achieve a measurable results, usually over one to five years.

Strategic

Establish the mission and vision Assess the current reality Formulate the Grand Strategy Implement the strategy Maintain Strategic control

Strategic Management Process steps

While Starbucks sells many types of coffee products, Connie's coffee house only sells one type of coffee. The two types of companies are both selling coffee but in different ways. This is an example of:

Strategic Positioning

a large-scale action plan that sets the direction for an organization

Strategy

During a meeting with the board of directors of Charter Bank, the president picked up a document and read the following statement: "We provide low-cost loans to help start-up businesses in our community." for which of the following documents would be this statement be the most appropriate?

The company's mission statement

Which of the following would be included in a firm's business model?

The firms expected revenues and expenses a description of the industry the firm is entering

The first goal in Stephen's paln was to hire several sales staff members to increase sales. What aspect of a SMART goal would this action represent?

The goal is results-orienated

Norms

They are typically unwritten They exert a powerful influence on group behavior

Environmental factors that hinder an organization's achieving a competitive advantage

Threats

Which of the following positions would typically determine the mission statement?

Top Management

Jennifer rates her employees on subjective attributes such as attitude, honesty, inspiration to others, leadership, or initiative.

Trait

Using statistical analysis of historical data to predict future events is called

Trend Analysis

Two types of single-use plans

Two types of single-use plans

operating plan

Typically designed for a 1-year period, this plan defines how a manager will conduct his or her business based on the action plan; identifies clear targets such as revenues, cash flow, and market share.

build cross-cultural relationships

develop and mentor advocate for participative leadership be sensitive to the needs of others

forecast

a vision or projection of the future

a persons behavior is influenced by values and attitudes and consists of which of the following.

actions judgements

matters addressed by organizational development (OD)

adapting to mergers Managing conflict Revitalizing organizations

Derrik is understanding the basic elements of the server's job by participating in job _____

analysis

Labor-management disputes can be settled in three ways: grievance, procedures, mediation and __________

arbitration

The process in which a neutral third party listens to both sides of dispute and then makes a decision the parties have agreed will be binding on them is known as:

arbitration

Vision statement should

be inspiring be positive

most of the questions Scott was asked during his interview were about past actions and accomplishments. This is an example of _______ interview.

behavioral-description

a _________ - anchored rating scale is a type of appraisal that rates employee gradations in performance according to scales of specific behaviors.

behaviorally

She then collected the information and wrote it on the white board for all the team members to view and decide upon. Michelle is using the ____ technique?

brainstorming

in terms of SMART goals, an "attainable" goal is

challenging but achievable

benefits for the participants of continuous improvement teams?

chance for meaningful participation skill enhancement

identify the public sources for gaining competitive intelligence

competitors published annual reports specialized databases such as Nexus Trade shows of confrences

Indicate the assumptions prevalent in the rational decision-making model.

complete information,no uncertainty Choice of best decision for the organization Logical, unemotional analysis

applying the job characteristics model requires which of the following

consider how to redesign the job Diagnose the work environment to see whether a problem exists. Determine whether job redesign is appropriate

improvement is defined as ongoing, small, incremental improvements in all parts of an organization

continuous

Strategic _______ involves monitoring the executive of strategy and taking corrective action when necessary.

control

If important decisions are made by middle-level and supervisory-level managers and power is delegated throughout the organization, the organization has _______authority.

decentralized

Performance managment

define performance Monitor and evaluate performance review performance provide consequences

System 2 thinking

deliberate analytical conscious

organizational _______ is concerned with structuring accountability and responsibility within an organization so that it i can execute its strategies

design

Which three of the following are steps that managers should take to avoid being sued for wrongful termination

do not delay the dismissal, and make sure it is completely defensible give the employee a chance first Be aware of how devastating a dismissal can be, both to the individual and to those remaining

Which of the following are approaches to affirmative action that an organization can take to achieve equality?

elimination of prejudicial questions in interviews Establishment of minority hiring goals Active recruitment of a group (traditionally discriminated against)

in order to better motivate employees, Enzo gave them tasks with added responsibility and room for recognition.

enrichment

third step in the organizational development process?

evaluation

Cash cow

exists in a mature, slow-growth industry but is a dominant business in the industry, with a large market share

Question marks

exists in a new rapidly growing industry, but has only a small market share.

Rather than ask her assembly line management team about the purchase of new equipment,Kerri decided to go ahead and make the purchase. She feels that as the executive director of operations, she has the authority to make this type of decision without consulting other managers in the organization. This is an example of strategic managment.

false

organic organizations tend ot have a wide span of control and ___________

fewer rules

Strategic management involves mangers form all parts of the organization, and tactical planning is done by middle managers. Which mangers typically perform operational planning within the process.

first-line

The approach that suffests taht leadership behaviors varies along a continuum of leadership styles, form passive through transactional to transformational leadership is referred to as ______ leadership

full-range

Competitive Intelligence

gaining information about one's competitors' activities so that you can anticipate their moves and react appropriately. If you are a manager, one of your worst nightmares is that a competitor will surprise you with a service or product)

theories of motivation are characterized as process perspectives on motivation

goal setting theory expectancy theory equity theory

A ________ strategy involves expansion in some aspect of the business, such as sales revenue, market share, number of employees, or number of customers or clients served.

growth

stress generally affects job performance in which ways

high levels of stress lead to low performances Moderate levels of stress lead to optimal performance Low levels of stress lead to low performance

simply giving employees additional tasks of similar difficulty is known as _______ loading whereas giving employees more responsibility such as in job enrichment is referred to as _______ loading.

horizontal vertical

positive results of transformational leadership

improved leaderhsip effectiveness and employee job satisfaction Measures of organizational effectiveness More employee identification with their leaders and their immediate work groups Higher levels of intrinsic motivation, group cohesion and work engagement

in a _________ structure, a firm assembles product components or sections provided by outside contractors.

modular

The free breakfast and childcare are examples of ________ that direct Johanna's behavior.

motivation

which of the following involves monitoring performance to ensure that short-term plans and day-to-day goals are being implemented and taking corrective action as needed.

operational control

Marketing, production, and sales are all involved in the core business process known as

operations

One of the key "take-aways" from expectancy theory is that a manager should link rewards to level of _______

performance

dogs

poor performer. Small share of a slow-growth market.

the purpose of the field of organizational behavior is not only explain workplace behavior but also to ______ it.

predict

disruptive innovation

product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom end of a market and then moves up

A strategy by which an organization under one ownership operates businesses that are similar or complementary to an another is known as a _______ diversification strategy

related

organizational artifacts

rituals behaviors awards decorations

A standing plan that designates specific required action, such as "Hardhats required beyond this point" is known as a

rule

theories of motivation would be characterized as content perspectives

self-determination theory acquired needs theory two-factor theory hierarchy of needs thoery

what Tamika loves about her job is that every day brings new challenges, and she can use different talents and abilities to compete her job tasks.

skill variety

on an organization chart, lone positions are designated by a ______ line, whereas staff positions are indicated by a _______ line.

solid dotted

A SMART goal is one that is

specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, and has target dates.

A goal that is too vague, lacks detail, and is too general is missing which aspect of SMART goal criteria.

specificity

a ______ strategy means a company is trying to maintain the status quo

stability

People with a conceptual decision-making style are likely to do which of the following?

take risks find creative solutions Rely on intuition

Jakob thought he'd enjoy his job as a web designer, but it turns out that he is responsible only for updating web pages and not for creating them too. according to the job characteristics model, jakob has ______.

task identity

Horizontal Organizational design

teams are used to improve collaboration and work

Which of the following are examples of business analytics

time-series forecast portfolio analysis

the ______ reading strategy has these five steps: rate reason to read; questions and predict answers; survey the big picture; skim for main ideas; and summarize.

top-down

Leadership that focuses on clarifying employees' roles and task requirements and providing rewards and punishments contingent on performance is known as ________ leadership.

transactional

task-oriented leadership behaviors

transactional leadership Initiating structure leadership

types of forecasting

trend analysis contingency planning

they were dissatisfied with things like pay scale and sharing an office with someone they didn't get along with.

two-factor theory

Strategic human resource planning is focused on which two initiatives

understanding current employee needs Predicting future employee needs

Kendall is frustrated with her co-worker Jill. She feels that Jill doesn't care that their manager seems to be showing favoritism toward the two other members of their team. Jill just focuses on the work she is supposed to do, which demonstrates her _________.

value orientation

__________ communication flows upward and downward in the organization

vertical

encourage member to help identify goals and values

what should a leader do during the norming stage

types of information that organizational charts reveal

who specializes in what work who reports to whom

women are not found in positions of corporate leaderhsip

women start out at lower levels then men do women tend to give credit to others women lack a supportive member

which of the following would be characterized as hygiene factors in Herberg's two-facotr theory?

working conditions supervisions pay and security

In _______ ______ budgeting, each department is required to start with a "clean slate" at the beginning of each budget period and project their funding needs for the budget period

zero based