MGT Online Exam 2
Which tool is designed to identify and analyze forces that determine competitiveness within an industry?
5 Forces Model
blends personal humility with an intense will to build long-range organizational success
5 leader
Organic structure is __________
a less formal organizational structure that represents loosely coupled networks of workers
presents a composite view of the individuals management considers significant for human resource planning
a management manpower replacement chart
growth is
a strategy adopted by management to increase the amount of business that a strategic business unit is currently generating
long-range planning that focuses on the organization as a total unit is called a. strategic planning b. 5 Forces planning c. SWOT analysis d. forecasting e. tactical planning
a. strategic planning
__________ involved outlining what the different parts of an organization should do in order to be successful at some point 1 year or less in the future a. tactical planning b. succession planning c. SWOT analysis d. strategic planning e. competitive dynamics
a. tactical planning
According to Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership, which factor indicates the degree to which work to be done is clearly outlined? A. Task structure B. Position power C. Supportive behavior D. Leaderdashmember relations E. Leader flexibility
a. task structure
The path-goal theory of leadership suggests some leaders focus on making goals difficult enough to be challenging, yet achievable. Which of the following types of leadership behavior would this best describe?
achievement behavior
A(n) __________ measures the level of skill or knowledge an individual possesses in a certain area.
achievement test
stability is a strategy
adopted by management to maintain or slightly improve the amount of business that a strategic business unit is generating
Which of the following arguments has been presented against the use of division of labor? A. Workers need to know the entire process for producing the product, not just their part of the task. B. Workers need to move from job to job, resulting in lost time. C. Division of labor focuses solely on efficiency and economic benefit. D. Skill levels increase for workers who specialize in a task. E. Workers concentrate on performing only one job, making it more difficult to replace them.
c. division of labor focuses solely on efficiency and economic benefit
Which of the following is NOT a major task of a transformational leader? Building commitment B. Raising awareness of organizational issues C. Helping to maintain the status quo D. Facilitating organizational changes to support the vision E. Creating a vision of what the organization should be
c. helping to maintain status quo
An organizational structure in which resources and job are grouped together in order to create, produce, and market specific products or services is referred to as _________ departmentalization. A. functional B. matrix C. product D. geographic E. customer
c. product
a method in which individuals appraising performance use a form containing several employee qualities and characteristics to be evaluated. Each evaluated factor is rated on a continuum ranging, for example, from 1 to 7
rating scale
A leadership behavior that reflects friendship, mutual trust, and respect, and is used with the goal of good human relationships is called _________.
consideration behavior
When a coaching leader makes a concentrated effort to listen to and understand another person's point of view, which coaching trait does he or she display?
empathy
__________ is listed on the management inventory card.
employees performance rating
Which of the following represents the first step in the strategic management process?
environmental analysis
_____________________ is the first step in the strategic management process
environmental analysis
Which structure would be characterized by a greater span of management?
flat
which of the following competitive strategies is based on making a company competitive with a cost advantage in a very narrow and niche market?
focus strategy
Which term refers to the relationships among a firm's human resources as determined by management?
formal structure
Which of the following is a method of performance appraisal in which appraisers simply write down their impressions of employees in paragraph form?
free-form essay
a method in which appraisers simply write down their impressions of employees in paragraph form
free-form essay
with ___________ departmentalizing, structure is established according to the firm's primary activities
functional
___________ _____________ has the tendency to increase span of management when subordinates are physically close
geographic conginuity
When work is being done in a widely dispersed area, or customers are scattered, how should an organization structure its departments to minimize the impact of distance?
geography
Darryl is trying to fill a position in his department. He is currently looking to attract applicants for the position and once those applications come in, he will begin screening the applicants. Darryl is in the ________ step of providing appropriate human resources.
recruitment
Which of the following processes occurs first in providing appropriate human resources for an organization?
recruitment
allocating skills is the ability to
provide the organizational resources necessary to implement a strategy
the initial attraction and screening of the supply of prospective human resources available to fill a position
recruitment
The first step in the organizing process is _____
reflecting on plans and objectives
Which of the following is the first step of the organizing process?
reflecting on plans and objectives
__________ is the process in which the job applicants are screened to ensure that the most appropriate candidates are hired
selection
the process in which the job applicants are screened to ensure that the most appropriate candidates are hired
selection
When leaders view their primary role as helping followers in their quest to satisfy personal needs, aspirations, and interests, which leadership approach are they following?
servant leaders
view their primary role as helping followers in their quest to satisfy personal needs, aspirations, and interests
servant leaders
________ is a leadership approach where leaders consider it their primary responsibility to assist followers in their attempts to satisfy personal interests, needs, and goals.
servant leadership
tactical planning is defined as
short-range planning that emphasizes the current operations of various parts of the organization
__________ is the degree to which activities performed by supervised individuals are similar or dissimilar
similarity of functions
Which approach to leadership suggests that leadership style must be appropriately matched to the circumstance the leader faces?
situational
Demographics, the statistical characteristics of a population, are reflected in the _________ component of the general environment.
social
___________ is a strategy adopted by management to maintain or slightly improve the amount of business that a strategic business unit is generating
stability
According to the BCG matrix, under which of the following categories would a business unit with a high market share and high anticipated growth rate be places?
stars
Which process identifies who will follow whom in various positions within an organization? A. Succession planning B. Performance appraisal C. Repatriation D. Affirmative action programs E. Mentoring
A. succession planning`
_________ is the orderly arrangement of effort in a group to ensure unity among members in accomplishing a common goal. A. The bureaucratic approach B. Coordination C. Leadership D. Organizing E. Division of labor
B. coordination
At Quality Electronics, departments in the firm's formal structure are determined based on the type of activity being performed within the management system. The firm has separate departments for marketing, finance, production, and research and development. Which type of departmentalization is used at Quality Electronics? A. Product B. Functional C. Geographic D. Matrix E. Customer
B. functional
Which of the following is NOT one of the four key steps in providing human resources? A. Recruitment B. Mentoring C. Performance appraisal D. Selection E. Training
B. mentoring
When an organization is evaluating a training program for effectiveness, which of the following should be the primary consideration? A. Whether group conflict has decreased B. Whether the training met the needs for which it was designed C. Whether co-workers and peers were recommended for training D. Whether employees who receives training enjoyed the process E. Whether experienced employees found value in the training
B. whether the training met the needs for which it was designed
Which of the following best measures the potential to perform a specific task? A. General intelligence tests B. Personality tests C. Aptitude tests D. Achievement tests E. Vocational interest tests
C. aptitude test
Which term refers to an organizational network that stems from interpersonal relationships between organization members? A. Mechanistic structure B. Vertical dimensioning C. Informal structure D. Unity of command E. Formal structure
C. informal structure
Which law created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission?
Civil Rights Act
What should managers do to improve the benefit of performance appraisals to the organization? A. Use performance appraisals to focus the employees on short-term objectives B. Focus on fully completing relevant paperwork before the performance appraisal C. Avoid discussing the fairness of the performance appraisal process D. Avoid using the performance appraisal as a reward-punishment system E. Encourage subordinates to react emotionally to performance appraisal comments
D. Avoid using the performance appraisal as a reward-punishment system
At Wilson Industries, there are three major sales representatives of the firm's products that make up 90% of all of Wilson Industries' sales. To help facilitate dealing with each of these sales representatives, the company departmentalized by creating a department for each one. This is known as departmentalization by ________. A. matrix B. profit C. function D. customer E. geography
D. customer
George, a manager, directly supervises four employees at Hoffman Industries. Which term refers to the number of subordinates that George has? A. A department B. Division of labor C. Unity of control D. Span of management E. Horizontal dimension
D. span of management
When writing performance appraisals, what should evaluators do?
Describe performance in relation to the position the individual holds
Louis is designing his organization chart for his business. He is engaged in horizontal dimensioning and has grouped some employees together because they are all performing sales activities, another group he has assembled because they are all performing marketing activities, and so on. Each one of these groupings of similar tasks is a(n) _____. A. bureaucracy B. activity group C. structure D. matrix E. department
E. department
What technique is used to obtain a thorough understanding of a position to be filled? A. Job specification B. Recruitment C. Succession planning D. Job description E. Job analysis
E. job analysis
Which of the following exposes job trainees to a maximum amount of information within a specific time period? A. Coaching B. Position rotation C. Programmed learning D. On-the-job training E. Lecture
E. lecture
Linda is developing a performance appraisal that will solicit feedback from not only an individual's supervisor, but also subordinates, peers, customers, and suppliers. In designing this performance appraisal, Linda is utilizing what is known as _____. A. four-prong reviews B. 180 degree feedback C. global review D. stakeholder appraisal E. multisource feedback
E. multisource
Choosing the specific individual to hire from all those who have been considered is known as the process of _________. A. recruitment B. job analysis C. affirmative action D. succession planning E. selection
E. selection
Which of the following is based on the assumption that each instance of leadership is different and requires different leadership skills? Transformational leadership B. The job-centered approach to leadership C. The life cycle theory of leadership D. Employee-centered leadership E. The situational approach to leadership
E. the situational approach to leadership
Ashley is a leader who inspires success by profoundly affecting the beliefs and values of followers, which creates a sense of duty among followers. Ashley would be best described as a(n) ________ leader. A. laissez faire B. authentic C. transactional D. servant E. transformational
E. transformational
Which of the following is a drawback of matrix departmentalization?
It becomes difficult for employees to understand the power structure within a firm
Which of the following is the directive behavior of the path-goal theory of leadership?
It is aimed at telling followers what to do and how to do it
According to Jim Collins, which level of leader within a hierarchy is a highly contributing individual who makes productive contributions through talent, knowledge, skill, and good work habits?
Level 1
Collins's hierarchy indicates that there are five levels of leadership. Which of the following describes a Level 1 leader?
Makes productive contributions through talent, knowledge, skills, and good work habits
Which of the following compares a company's internal strengths with external opportunities?
SWOT analysis
Which of the following defines position power?
The extent to which the leader has control over the rewards and punishments followers receive
__________ is leadership.
The process of directing the behavior of others toward the accomplishment of an objective
What is the purpose of the management manpower replacement chart?
To compare a group of employees when looking to fill a position
Which model of leadership suggests five different decision styles ranging from autocratic to consultative?
VYJ
What is the advantage of division of labor?
Workers perform their tasks with increased skill and efficiency
strategy is defined as
a broad and general plan developed to reach long-term objectives
is characterized by someone who is a good listener, provides emotional support, and leads by example
a coaching leader
supportive behavior is ___________
aimed at being friendly with followers and showing interest in them as human beings
measures the level of skill or knowledge an individual possesses in a certain area
an achievement test
a program in which participants engage in a number of individual and group exercises constructed to simulate important activities at the organizational levels to which they aspire
an assessment center
a method of performance appraisal in which appraisers rank employees according to such factors as job performance and value to organization
an employee comparison
Individuals who make valuable contributions to management goals and determine organizational productivity are known as _________
appropriate human resources
A(n) __________, a very popular written test, measures the potential of an individual to perform a task.
aptitude test
A(n) __________ is a program in which participants engage in a number of individual and group exercises constructed to simulate important activities at the organizational levels to which they aspire.
assessment center
What type of leadership involves leaders who are deeply aware of their own and others' moral perspectives and who are confident, hopeful, and of high moral character?
authentic
involves leaders who are deeply aware of their own and others' moral perspectives and who are confident, hopeful, and of high moral character
authentic leadership
To best understand what is happening both internally and externally to the organization, and to increase the probability of developing organizational strategies that reflect the organizational environment, a(n) ________ analysis should be undertaken A. balanced scorecard B. environmental C. economic component D. risk E. critical question
b. environmental
Which of the following is an example of a structure behavior? A. Asking subordinates about their family and life B. Telling subordinates how to complete a job assignment .C. Trusting subordinates to do the job as they see best D. Respecting a subordinate's right to privacy E. Going out for a drink with subordinates after work
b. telling subordinates how to complete a job assignment
The trait approach to leadership assumes a good leader is __________.
born
According to the Tannenbaum and Schmidt leadership continuum, when a manager makes a decision and announces it to the team, rather than asking the group to make the decision, they are exhibiting what kind of leadership?
boss-centered
According to Weber's classical organizing theory, which of the following is a management system characterized by detailed procedures, an organizational hierarchy, and impersonal relationships among employees?
bureaucracy
the extent to which customers can control the firms in an industry is called
buying power
In the BCG Growth-Share Matrix, which matrix quadrant is categorized as having a large share of a market that is growing only slightly?
cash cow
According to the BCG matrix, business units with high market share and low anticipated growth rate are considered
cash cows
_____ is a direct critiquing of how well an individual is performing a job.
coaching
___________ _____________ refers to the process by which firms undertake strategic and tactical actions and how competitors respond to these actions
competitive dynamics
__________ ___________ refers to how mindful a company is of its competitors' actions
competitor awareness
____________ ____________ refers to a firm's ability to undertake an action
competitor capability
When filling a position with a person outside the organization, which source is most likely to supply candidates who know the business well, have had relevant training, and have some knowledge of rival firms in the industry?
competitors
__________ has the tendency to increase span of management when subordinates have simple tasks
complexity of function
__________ would increase span of management when the work of subordinates needs little synchronization
coordination
Walmart's strategy focuses on offering lower prices than its competitors. This is an example of which generic strategy?
cost leadership
Which of the following competitive strategies is based on making a company competitive by having the lowest expenditure possible?
cost-leadership strategy
a method in which appraisers write down particularly good or bad events involving employees as these events occur
critical-form essay
__________ allows managers to focus on and cater to the most important customers
customer departmentalization
buying power is the extent to which
customers can control the firms in an industry
which if the following is a strategy that targets a particular customer in order to make the organization more competitive? a. retrenchment b. growth c. cost leadership d. focus e. differentiation
d. focus
strategic planning is
defined as long-range planning that focuses on the organization as a whole
Appropriate human resources are the individuals who make valuable contributions to management goals and _________
determine organizational productivity
The first step of the training process is __________.
determining the organizations training needs
What is the first step in the training process?
determining the training needs
Which of the following competitive strategies is based on making a company competitive by offering unique products that are widely valued by customers?
differentiation strategy
According to the path-goal theory of leadership, __________ is aimed at telling followers what to do and how to do it.
directive behavior
_________________ is the third step of the organizing process
dividing major tasks into subtasks
The path-goal theory of leadership suggests that the primary activities of a leader are to clarify the kinds of behavior that must be performed and _______. A. "sell" decisions to subordinates after independently arriving at a decision B. change organizational situations to fit the leader's style C. incorporate flexibility to best respond to a combination of leaders, followers, and situations D. increase the maturity level of the followers E. offer rewards to motivate behavior
e. offer rewards to motivate behavior
The element of the general environment that indicates how resources are being distributed and used in the environment is the ________ component.
economic
which component has implications on the allocation and use of resources within an environment?
economic
Coordination would increase span of management when subordinates __________
have work needing little synchronizing
According to the life cycle theory of leadership model, what type of balance should be used for leader behavior when the worker has low experience in the job and there is a short-term deadline?
high-task, low relationship behavior
__________ of an organization refers to the extent to which firms use lateral subdivisions or specialties within an organization
horizontal dimensioning
Attempt 1 correct A(n) __________ consists of information about the characteristics of organization members
human resource inventory
an organizational mission increases the likelihood that a firm will succeed by _________________________
identifying major targets that need to be reached
The three key components of bureaucracy are detailed procedures, a clear organizational hierarchy, and _________
impersonal relationships among members
__________ is defined as the patterns of relationships that develop because of the informal activities of organization members
informal structure
According to the path-goal theory of leadership, directive behavior __________.
is aimed at telling followers what to do and how to do it
employee-centered behavior is
leader behavior that focuses primarily on subordinates as people
The process of directing the behavior of others toward the accomplishment of an objective is __________.
leadership
Which of the following is the process of causing individuals to act towards the accomplishment of an objective?
leadership
Consideration behavior is __________.
leadership behavior that reflects friendship, mutual trust, respect, and warmth in the relationship between leader and followers
Laws such as the Clean Air Act, the Affordable Care Act, and the Consumer Products Safety Act are considered part of the _________ component of the general environment.
legal
Which of the following is the approach to leadership that blends personal humility with an intense will to build long-range organizational success?
level 5 leadership
cost leadership strategy is based on ___________________________
making a company competitive by having the lowest expenditure possible
Which is a limitation of division of labor?
management coordination increases because tasks are synchronized
A __________ presents a composite view of the individuals management considers significant for human resource planning.
management manpower replacement chart
Comparing a group of employees when looking to fill a position is the purpose of _________.
management manpower replacement charts
An employee's performance rating is listed on the __________
mangement inventory card
the internal environment gives management more immediate and specific control over factors like
marketing & accounting
Wilson Industries wants to set up a departmentalization structure in which project managers borrow workers from various parts of the organization to complete specific projects, but each worker maintains certain responsibilities to their product and functional area. This would fit best with a ________.
matrix structure
Authentic leaders possess which of the following?
moral courage
is the strength to take actions that are consistent with moral beliefs despite pressures, either inside or outside of the organization, to do otherwise
moral courage, (authentic leaders possess)
__________ is a less formal organizational structure that represents loosely coupled networks of workers
organic structure
Paige wants to graphically represent the organizational structure of her small business. To illustrate that she is the president of the firm, and reporting to her are five vice presidents, and reporting to each of them are various employees, she would use a(n) _____
organization chart
a _________________ increases the likelihood that a firm will succeed by identifying major targets that need to be reached
organizational mission
the purpose for which an organization exists is its _____________
organizational mission
Which of the following involves developing orderly uses for organizational resources within the management system?
organizing
Directive behavior is one of the four primary types of behavior described by which theory of leadership?
path-goal
Which activity primarily provides feedback about employee contributions toward management system objectives?
performance appraisal
__________ is the process of reviewing individuals' past productive activity to evaluate the contribution they have made toward attaining management system objectives.
performance appraisal
Which test attempts to describe and measure factors such as an individual's emotional maturity, honesty, and objectivity?
personalist test
attempts to describe an individual's personality dimensions in such areas as emotional maturity, subjectivity, honesty, and objectivity
personality test
__________ is the amount of time managers must spend developing management system objectives and plans and integrating them with the activities of their subordinates
planning
A __________ focuses on position-centered information rather than people-centered information
position replacement form
A position replacement form focuses on __________.
position-centered info rather than people-centered info
__________________ allows managers to focus on the goods and services sold by a company
product speciaization
is a strong and unwavering commitment to do whatever is necessary to build long-term success for the company
professional will
__________ ____________ is the last step in the strategic management process
strategic control
_____ is the last step of the strategic management process and consists of monitoring and evaluating the strategic management process as a whole to ensure that it is operating properly.
strategic control
__________ ___________ is identified as long-range planning that focuses on the organization as a whole
strategic planning
The process of determining how to best achieve organizational objectives is known as ________.
strategy formulation
In the strategic management process, putting strategies into action is done through _________.
strategy implemtation
__________ refers to the designated relationships among resources of the management system
structure
__________ delineates the relationship between the leader and the leader's followers or establishes well-defined procedures that the followers should adhere to in performing their jobs.
structure behavior
Which is the advantage of programmed learning?
student-paced learning
__________ is the process of outlining who will follow whom in various organizational positions.
succession planning
The Vroom-Yetton-Jago model of leadership
suggests five different decision styles ranging from autocratic to consultative
__________ is aimed at being friendly with followers and showing interest in them as human beings.
supportive behavior
_________ looks at human resources for qualities that relate to performing available jobs.
testing
organizing skill is
the ability to create throughout the organization a network of people who can help solve implementation problems as they occur
interacting skills is
the ability to manage people during implmentation
monitoring skills is
the ability to use information to determine whether a problem has arisen that is blocking implmentation
Evaluating the results of the implemented organizing strategy immediately follows __________ in the organizing process
the allocation of resources and directive for subtasks
Under Porter's Five Forces Model, what happens when the threat of substitutes increases?
the attractiveness decreases
structure refers to
the designated relationships among resources of the management system
Which leadership theory stresses follower maturity as a determinant of appropriate leader behavior?
the life cycle theory of leadership
unity of command is
the management principle that recommends that an individual have only one boss
informational structure is
the patterns of relationships that develop because of the informal activities of organization members
In Porter's Five Force Model, __________ refers to the ability of new firms to enter the industry
the threat of new entrants
The process of developing qualities in human resources that enable employees to be more productive is best known as _________.
training
__________ is the process of developing qualities in human resources that will enable them to be more productive and thus contribute more to organizational goal attainment.
training
The _______ approach to leadership holds that good leaders are born, not made.
trait
Which approach to leadership assumes a good leader is born and not made?
trait
Which leadership style inspires organizational success by profoundly impacting the organization's followers' beliefs and values?
transformative leadership
inspires organizational success by profoundly impacting the organization's followers' beliefs and values
transformative leadership
What management principle recommends that an individual have only one boss?
unity of command
If a test measures what it is designed to measure, it is best described as ________.
valid
__________ refers to the extent to which an organization uses vertical levels to separate job responsibilities
vertical dimensioning
A(n) __________ attempts to measure an individual's interest in performing various kinds of jobs.
vocational interest test