MHR qs E1
According to the text, all of the following have an effect on mood EXCEPT which of the following? A. Appetite B. Stress C. Day of the week D. Exercise E. Sleep pattern
A. Appetite
________ is a process by which individuals organize and interpret sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. A. Perception B. Observation C. Assumption D. Impression E. Objectification
A. Perception
Deeplevel diversity traits would include which of the following? A. Religion B. Age C. Hair color D. Sex E. Race
A. Religion
To work effectively with people in another culture you must ________. A. understand their culture and how to adapt your management style B. relocate to that culture C. have an ingrained corporate culture D. increase the number of policies and rules E. speak the language
A. understand their culture and how to adapt your management style
What are the three components of an attitude? A. Affective, behavioral, and cognitive B. Behavioral, affective, and action C. Belief, emotion, and affective D. Cognitive, belief, and affective E. Feeling, belief, and action
A. Affective, behavioral, and cognitive
Which of the following needs in Maslow's hierarchy refers to the drive to become what one is capable of becoming? A. Self-actualization B. Safety C. Esteem D. Physiological E. Social
A. Self-actualization
Which of the following is the most common means of measuring personality? A. Self-reporting surveys B. Projective tests C. Interviews D. Behavioral observation E. Likert scales
A. Self-reporting surveys
According to person-organization fit theory, when employee values are linked to the organization's culture ________. A. cultural factors can positively influence job satisfaction B. aggressive organizations have less turnover C. fewer employees have conflicts with one another D. they experience less turnover and more organizational commitment E. Big Five personality factors predict how well the values match
D. they experience less turnover and more organizational commitment
Characteristics that impact job satisfaction include all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. corporate social responsibility B. job conditions C. personality D. pay E. job performance
E. job performance
________ is defined as an employee's expression of organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work. A. Emotional labor B. Transactional labor C. Mental labor D. Physical labor E. Customer-related labor
A. Emotional labor
Which term refers to a participative process that uses the input of employees to enhance employee commitment to a firm's success? A. Employee involvement B. Mentoring C. Gainsharing D. Job sharing E. Job enrichment
A. Employee involvement
Diversity management programs should include which populations of people? A. Everyone B. Only those who are not minorities C. Only people new to an organization D. Only those who have not received the training in the past five years E. Only those who have been accused of discrimination
A. Everyone
Which of the following would NOT be considered a personality trait? A. Intelligence B. Aggression C. Loyalty D. Ambition E. Timidness
A. Intelligence
Which type of justice is measured by whether employees are treated with respect? A. Interpersonal B. Informational C. Procedural D. Interactional Your answer is not correct. E. Distributive
A. Interpersonal
Which of the following is a core topic in organizational behavior? A. Interpersonal communication B. Statistical analysis C. Quality improvement techniques D. Capacity issues E. Production processes
A. Interpersonal communication
According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), which type of people want control and prefer order and structure? A. Judging B. Perceiving C. Feeling D. Extrovert E. Thinking
A. Judging
Which of the following primarily accounts for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal? A. Motivation B. Personality C. Perception D. Persistence E. Management
A. Motivation
Which of the following best characterizes the relationship between job satisfaction and absenteeism? A. Negative relationship B. No relationship has been found C. Strong relationship D. Neutral relationship E. Passive relationship
A. Negative relationship
John Holland's personality-job fit theory presents six personality types. Which of the following is NOT one of these six types? A. Optimistic B. Social C. Enterprising D. Realistic E. Artistic
A. Optimistic
Which of the following statements is true of perception? A. Perception is influenced by past experiences. B. Perception leads to conformity. C. Perception of reality is not influenced by a person's motives. D. Perception of reality is independent of existing attitudes toward that reality. E. Perception of reality is the same as reality itself.
A. Perception is influenced by past experiences.
Which term refers to the degree that a job requires different activities using specialized abilities and talents? A. Skill variety B. Autonomy C. Feedback D. Task significance E. Task identity
A. Skill variety
According to a global study of job satisfaction levels, where does the United States rank in terms of satisfied workers amongst the twenty countries with the largest economies? A. The United States is in the middle. B. The United States is near the bottom of the list. C. The United States is near the top. D. The United States is at the very bottom of the list. E. The United States is number one on the list.
A. The United States is in the middl
Which one of the following is a component of situation strength? A. Camaraderie B. Clarity C. Congeniality D. Consensus E. Cohesion
B. Clarity
Which term refers to the overall traits in a person? A. Talent B. Personality C. Heredity D. Environmental adaptation E. Thought processes
B. Personality
Covert forms of discrimination would include ________. A. sexual harassment B. exclusion C. mockery and insults D. bullying E. intimidation
B. exclusion
The Dark Triad includes ________. A. emotional stability, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy B. Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism C. extroversion, narcissism, and emotional stability D. emotional stability, psychopathy, and neuropathy E. dissonance, narcissism, and extroversion
B. Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism
Which of the following is a true statement about people with proactive personalities? A. They take the initiative to improve their current circumstances or create new ones. B. They tend to have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, have a sense of entitlement, and are arrogant. C. They react passively to situations. D. They are pragmatic, maintain emotional distance, and believe ends can justify means. E. They are content with following directions and allowing others to lead.
A. They take the initiative to improve their current circumstances or create new ones.
Job satisfaction can improve when employees view work as part of ________. A. a higher purpose B. a means to an end C. counterproductive work behavior D. power distance E. the way in which they can increase pay
A. a higher purpose
Systematic study involves looking at _____________. A. causal relationships B. margin of error C. anecdotal evidence D. employee productivity E. flow charts
A. causal relationships
A program to formally recognize employee contributions to the organization and therefore promote specific behaviors is known as a(n) ________. A. employee recognition program B. flexible benefit plan C. bonus pay plan D. leveling plan E. employee engagement plan
A. employee recognition program
A football player on a 2 million dollar contract who refuses to show up to training camp because another similar football player has a contract for more money is an example of ________. A. equity theory B. justice theory C. operant conditioning theory D. self-efficacy theory E. social learning theory
A. equity theory
Aurora was walking down the street when she spotted a mugging taking place. Her perceptions about the mugging might be influenced by all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. escalation of commitment B. personality C. attitudes D. past experiences E. interests
A. escalation of commitment
In order for a recognition program to work they must be ________. A. fair B. focused on accomplishing goals C. reviewed quarterly D. communicated by the CEO E. money driven
A. fair
Individualized rewards that allow each employee to choose the compensation package that best satisfies his or her current needs and situation are called ________. A. flexible benefit plans B. merit-based pay programs C. variable pay programs D. standard benefits packages E. employee recognition programs
A. flexible benefit plans
The ________ is a phenomenon where women are selected for leadership roles that set them up to fail. A. glass cliff B. glass ceiling C. gender chasm D. developmental role of women E. bias of gender
A. glass cliff
The quality and quantity of a group's work output is known as ________. A. group functioning B. group development C. the performing state of group development D. group process E. group dynamics
A. group functioning
The affective component of attitude is best represented by ________. A. how you feel about the situation B. what you say about the situation C. what you think about the situation D. how you react to the situation E. how you perceive the situation
A. how you feel about the situation
One of the most important predictors of job satisfaction is ________. A. job conditions B. personality C. supervision D. pay E. time off
A. job conditions
The periodic shifting of an employee from one task to another with similar skill requirements at the same organizational level is defined as ________. A. job rotation B. telecommuting C. flextime D. job enrichment E. job sharing
A. job rotation
Based on affective events theory, employees should ________. A. pay attention to emotion B. seek additional counseling whenever possible C. avoid all emotion D. display more emotions E. ignore emotion
A. pay attention to emotion
When it comes to diversity, it is important that managers ________. A. recognize and manage individual differences B. do not capitalize on differences C. keep similar employees separated to get the most out of them D. foster groups of like employees to help build employee bonds E. look for short-term solutions
A. recognize and manage individual differences
Emotional intelligence and job performance are ________. A. somewhat correlated B. opposites C. not correlated D. highly correlated E. on the same spectrum
A. somewhat correlated
Reward systems may influence decision making by ________. A. swaying managers towards certain choices that promise greater gains B. constraining decision makers through historical precedent C. limiting the amount of time a manager has to make a decision D. engaging emotions in making important decisions E. pushing managers to prefer a sure bet over a risky outcome
A. swaying managers towards certain choices that promise greater gains
What kind of pay structure bases part of a worker's pay on an individual and/or organizational performance measurement? A. Variable-pay program B. Base-pay program C. Guaranteed pay program D. Internal equity pay program E. Fixed-pay program
A. Variable-pay program
Attribution theory tries to explain the ways we judge people differently, depending on the meaning we attribute to a behavior. It depends largely on ________, ________, and ________. A. distinctiveness, consistency, consensus B. distinctiveness, consensus, dependability C. distinctiveness, harmony, consistency D. consistency, particularity, consensus E. consistency, consistency, individuality
A. distinctiveness, consistency, consensus
The three types of variables in the OB model are ________, ________, and ________. A. inputs, processes, and outcomes B. processes, outcomes, and revisions C. inputs, processes, and outputs D. inputs, deviations, and outcomes E. inputs, deviations, and outputs
A. inputs, processes, and outcomes
________ describes the varying levels of strength with which people experience the same emotion. A. Psychological tendency B. Affect intensity C. Emotional instability D. Personality E. Mood disorder
B. Affect intensity
Which theory demonstrates that employees react emotionally to things that happen to them at work, and this reaction influences their job performance and satisfaction? A. Emotional dissonance theory B. Affective events theory C. Trait theory D. Behavioral modification theory E. Attribution theory
B. Affective events theory
According to the text, what is one reason that job satisfaction leads to increases in organizational citizenship behavior? A. Because satisfied supervisors are more open to change. B. Because job satisfaction leads to more trust. C. Because job satisfaction leads to more communication. D. Because increases in job satisfaction reduce turnover. E. Because satisfied employees do not compete over jobs.
B. Because job satisfaction leads to more trust.
Which of the Big Five Model dimensions is a measure of reliability? A. Openness to experience B. Conscientiousness C. Agreeableness D. Emotional stability E. Extraversion
B. Conscientiousness
Overt threats of bullying directed at members of specific employee groups fall under what type of discrimination? A. Mockery and insults B. Intimidation C. Sexual harassment D. Exclusion E. Incivility
B. Intimidation
According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), what type of people rely on unconscious processes and look at the "big picture"? A. Introvert B. Intuitive C. Feeling D. Extravert E. Thinking
B. Intuitive
Which of the following is true of job rotation? A. It decreases training costs. B. It decreases productivity in the short run. C. It increases employee boredom. D. It decreases the flexibility in scheduling work. E. It decreases employee motivation.
B. It decreases productivity in the short run.
Two or more employees who split the responsibilities of a single job are participating in what alternative work arrangement? A. Job rotation B. Job sharing C. Job transfer D. Flextime E. Telecommuting
B. Job sharing
Which of the following is the distinct characteristic of participative management programs? A. Representative participation B. Joint decision making C. Autocratic decision making D. Large increases in job satisfaction E. Large increases in employee productivity
B. Joint decision making
Which type of response involves passively but optimistically waiting for conditions to improve, including speaking up for the organization in the face of external criticism and trusting the organization and its management to "do the right thing"? Question content area bottom Part 1 A. Neglect B. Loyalty C. Voice D. Apathy E. Exit
B. Loyalty
A limitation of being tied to subjective performance appraisals would correspond with what type of variable pay program? A. Profit sharing plan B. Merit based pay C. Bonus plan pay D. Piece rate pay E. ESOP
B. Merit based pay
________ studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality and resilience, and unlock potential. A. Human development B. Positive organizational scholarship C. Organizational psychology D. Organizational behavior E. Organizational development
B. Positive organizational scholarship
Which of the following is NOT an example of workplace deviance? A. Unionization attempts B. Socializing with coworkers C. Substance abuse D. Workplace theft E. Tardiness
B. Socializing with coworkers
________ includes looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and basing our conclusions on scientific evidence—that is, on data gathered under controlled conditions, and measured and interpreted in a rigorous manner. A. Self-analysis B. Systematic study C. Intuition D. Organizational behavior E. Customer service
B. Systematic study
Roberto has been tasked with reviewing the core dimensions of each job within his large automotive repair department. Several of the jobs in Roberto's department require employees to completely tear down and put back together an entire engine. This job speaks to which component of the Job Characteristics Model (JCM)? A. Task significance B. Task identity C. Feedback D. Skill variety E. Autonomy
B. Task identity
Race is defined as relating to ________. A. ethnicity B. biology C. cultural differences D. disparity in pay E. gender
B. biology
Knowing that texting while driving is unsafe but doing so anyway is an example of _________. A. machine learning B. cognitive dissonance C. behavioral anomaly D. affective attitude E. attitudinal misalignment
B. cognitive dissonance
Stereotype threats within the workplace can cause ________. A. lower turnover B. disengagement C. low employment expectations D. increased engagement E. higher performance
B. disengagement
Jose was completely frustrated at work today because something he said to a coworker was taken completely out of context. In fact, before he could go into his supervisor's office he had to take a minute to calm himself down. This is an example of ________. A. positive trait tendency B. emotion regulation C. burnout D. negative trait tendency E. causation
B. emotion regulation
The disparity that exists when an employee must project one emotion while actually feeling another is called ________. A. mood incongruence B. emotional dissonance C. emotional regulation D. deep acting E. felt emotion
B. emotional dissonance
Antonio had spent weeks developing a presentation that outlined his marketing plan for the new product and he was ready to present his ideas to the board. Several of his fellow coworkers who had reviewed the presentation had tried to point out that one of Antonio's assumptions was incorrect, leading to an incorrect conclusion, but Antonio was confident he had all the correct information and refused to make the correction. This is an example of ________. A. clarity B. escalation of commitment C. attribution bias D. satisficing E. rational decision making
B. escalation of commitment
Cultural identity is based on ________. A. age and national origin B. family ancestry C. ethnicity and religion D. religion and race E. sexual orientation
B. family ancestry
The three levels of analysis presented in the OB model are individual, organizational, and __________. A. process B. group C. macro D. policy E. micro
B. group
Intuition can best be described as ________. A. knowledge based on experience B. gut feelings C. decision making on a subconscious level D. an assumption E. a decision that is based on reasoning
B. gut feelings
According to the text, employee input in decision making within an organization leads to ________. A. better communication B. increased productivity C. shorter tenure D. lower vacation usage E. reduced stress
B. increased productivity
When we rank an individual's values in order of their ________, we obtain the person's value system. A. rank B. intensity C. content D. importance E. flexibility
B. intensity
The six universal emotions agreed upon by many researchers includes all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. anger B. jealousy C. fear D. surprise E. disgust
B. jealousy
The investment of an employee's emotional, physical, and cognitive energy into a job is known as ________. A. rights theory B. job engagement C. theory X D. theory Y E. expectancy theory
B. job engagement
If Yolanda works hard towards a desired goal at her firm ABC Tools, but gives up easily, it can be said that she lacks ________. A. acceptance B. persistence C. intensity D. direction E. engagement
B. persistence
Roxanne was training for a race and having difficulty on one of the rope climbs. Nonetheless, she kept working at every single day, not missing one day, until race day when she finally scaled the rope to the top. This example speaks to Roxanne's ________. A. intensity B. persistence C. motivation level D. personality E. direction
B. persistence
Seven people are marooned on a lifeboat with enough supplies for only six people to reach land. The ethical concept which best supports throwing one person overboard in order to save the other six would be ________. A. virtue ethics B. utilitarianism C. duty ethics D. justice ethics E. rights ethics
B. utilitarianism
The rational decision-making model includes all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. identifying the decision criteria B. evaluating the alternatives C. defining the problem D. allocating weights to the criteria E. assigning a dollar value to each alternative.
E. assigning a dollar value to each alternative.
Data analytics are used for all of the following reasons EXCEPT__________. A. protection against cyberattacks B. customer analysis C. detecting risk D. prediction E. eliminating volatility
E. eliminating volatility
Research has shown that workers who experience sexual harassment in the workplace ________. A. are less likely be detrimental to the organization when they are in managerial roles B. generally have encouraged these behaviors from others C. perform better in their jobs D. usually work in larger organizations E. experience lower levels of organizational commitment and job satisfaction
E. experience lower levels of organizational commitment and job satisfaction
Higher job engagement is linked to ________. A. lower productivity B. lower satisfaction C. higher turnover D. more safety incidents E. higher employee engagement
E. higher employee engagement
Emotion regulation is best described as ________. A. using the brain to reset emotions while sleeping B. prohibiting emotional outbursts in the workplace C. subconsciously keeping people grounded and reducing instances of extreme emotion D. analyzing the emotions of others E. identifying and modifying the emotions that you feel
E. identifying and modifying the emotions that you feel
A person who has a(n) ________ tends to dislike themselves, question their capabilities, and view themselves as powerless over their environment. A. Machiavellian personality B. narcissistic personality C. approach-avoidance framework D. high core self-evaluation E. low core self-evaluation
E. low core self-evaluation
The systematic approach focuses on the belief that behavior is _____________. A. random B. ever-changing C. quantifiable D. grounded in intuition E. not random
E. not random
Better decisions can be made by ________. A. selecting information from only one source B. seeking to validate an idea already held by many in the organization C. weighing every possible alternative to a solution before acting D. reacting only to problems that everyone agrees upon E. recognizing potential perceptual biases during the decision process
E. recognizing potential perceptual biases during the decision process
Antoinette was a new supervisor at work and wanted to try and be the best inspirational leader that she could be. Toward that end, Antoinette should focus on ________. A. reducing workload B. creating additional rules so everyone knows what to do C. having lots of meetings D. creating a policy manual E. sharing positive emotions
E. sharing positive emotions
Within the U.S. workforce, the 55-and-older age group will increase to what percentage of the labor force by the year 2024? A. 45 percent B. 12 percent C. 25 percent D. 7 percent E. 33 percent
C. 25 percent
According to the text, what might affect escalation of commitment? A. Gender B. Situation C. Conscientiousness D. General mental ability E. Situation strength theory
C. Conscientiousness
Which government agency is responsible for enforcing employment discrimination laws? A. FDA B. SHRM C. EEOC D. IRS E. OSHA
C. EEOC
Which of the following is NOT an organizational constraint on decision making? A. Performance evaluation system B. Formal regulations C. Emotional intelligence D. Reward systems E. Historical precedents
C. Emotional intelligence
Which of the following is defined as an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he or she does? A. Organizational commitment B. Organizational culture C. Employee engagement D. Job satisfaction E. Psychological empowerment
C. Employee engagement
Which theory argues that the strength of our tendency to act a certain way depends on the strength of our expectation of a given outcome and its attractiveness? A. Self-efficacy theory B. Self-determination theory C. Expectancy theory D. Goal-setting theory E. Cognitive evaluation theory
C. Expectancy theory
Which of the following is defined as a positive feeling about a job, resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics? A. Perceived organizational support B. Psychological empowerment C. Job satisfaction D. Job involvement E. Organizational commitment
C. Job satisfaction
Cascading objectives are the focus of which motivational theory? A. Locke's goal-setting theory B. Theory Y C. Management by objectives D. Self-efficacy E. Theory X
C. Management by objectives
Based on evidence presented in the chapter, with which job aspect are people LEAST satisfied? A. Supervision B. Promotion opportunities C. Pay D. The work itself E. Coworkers
C. Pay
Which of the following is NOT an example of a biographical characteristic? A. Age B. Disability C. Personality D. Gender E. Length of service
C. Personality
Which of the following is a decision-making model that assumes that the decision maker has complete information, is able to identify all the relevant options in an unbiased manner, and chooses the option with the highest utility? A. Perceptive decision-making model B. Attribution decision-making model C. Rational decision-making model D. Integrative decision-making model E. Ideal decision-making model
C. Rational decision-making model
High-scoring emotional intelligence employees outperform low-scoring emotional intelligence employees in which of the following tasks? A. Finance B. Project management C. Sales D. IT programming E. Accounting
C. Sales
Relational job design focuses on what additional component in the design of jobs? A. The process of determining specific job outcomes in relationship to overall goals. B. The relationship between the departments within the organization. C. Those who are affected by the employee's job. D. The specific tasks inherent in the job. E. The components of the job itself.
C. Those who are affected by the employee's job.
Which term refers to basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence? A. Affect B. Personality C. Values D. Intelligence E. Attributions
C. Values
Which of the following is a constructive behavior that allows individuals to tolerate unpleasant situations or revive satisfactory working conditions? A. Neglect B. Sabotage C. Voice D. Apathy E. Exit
C. Voice
Which of the following is the intelligence test most widely used in hiring decisions that requires only 12 minutes to complete? A. GMA B. Intelligence Quotient Test C. Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test D. Keirsey Temperament sorter E. Mensa Workout
C. Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test
Given the number of employees in the United States who are in single-parent homes or are caring for elderly parents, which of the following is essential for organizations that want to recruit and retain the most capable and motivated employees? A. Workplace diversity B. A positive work environment C. Work-life balance D. High compensation E. Excellent employee benefits
C. Work-life balance
All of the following are outcomes of job satisfaction EXCEPT ________. A. organizational citizenship behavior B. life satisfaction C. increased communication D. job performance E. customer satisfaction
C. increased communication
To discriminate is to ________. A. stereotype B. say negative things about someone C. note a difference between things D. purposefully favor someone E. judge on the basis of a group a person belongs to
C. note a difference between things
A 2020 Supreme Court ruling included ________ as protected under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. A. physical ability B. mental ability C. sexual orientation D. gender E. age
C. sexual orientation
Individuals who report to outsiders about their employer's unethical practices are known as ________. A. boundary spanners B. insurgents C. whistleblowers D. change agents E. eutilitarianists
C. whistleblowers
Which theory essentially argues that individuals are attracted to and chosen by organizations that match their values, and that they leave organizations that are not compatible with their personalities? A. Person-job fit theory B. Situation strength theory C. Person-organization fit theory D. Trait activation theory E. Machiavellian theory
C. Person-organization fit theory
Which theory suggests that individuals prefer feeling in control of their actions and that anything that makes an enjoyable task feel like an obligation undermines motivation? A. Theory X B. Self-efficacy theory C. Self-determination theory D. Goal-setting theory E. Theory Y
C. Self-determination theory
Which theory refers to an individual's belief in being capable of performing a task? A. Cognitive evaluation theory B. Equity theory C. Self-efficacy theory D. Goal-setting theory E. Self-determination theory
C. Self-efficacy theory
________ is defined as an individual's current capacity to perform the various tasks in a job. A. Performance B. Motivation C. Diversity D. Ability E. Skill
D. Ability
Perceived organizational support would increase for an employee under which of the following scenarios? A. An employer increased paid holidays by 1 day for everyone in the organization. B. An employer had several healthcare provider changes in a short period of time to help save money. C. An employer decreased supervision. D. An employer reached out with additional support during a personal tragedy. E. An employer held weekly meetings.
D. An employer reached out with additional support during a personal tragedy.
What is an emotion? A. Mild feelings coupled with an experience. B. A generic term that covers a broad range of feelings. C. A less intense mood. D. An intense feeling directed at someone or something. E. Feelings, beliefs, and action.
D. An intense feeling directed at someone or something.
Why would OB scholars avoid general concept statements such as stating everyone wants an interesting job? A. Because pay has not been factored in. B. Because general concepts are always true. C. Because there is not enough evidence. D. Because individual desires are contingent on situational conditions. E. Because different managers react differently.
D. Because individual desires are contingent on situational conditions.
Juan was ready to purchase a new car and was excited by the prospect. To prepare for this event, Juan went to the bank to be pre-approved for a loan, visited local dealerships to look at cars and prices, narrowed down the cars he liked, and then purchased the one that had the lowest price. This would be an example of ________. A. alternative decision making B. ideal decision making model C. the rational decision making model D. satisficing E. integrative decision-making model
D. satisficing
Stereotype threat is ________. A. the degree to which we internally agree with negative stereotyped perceptions of a specific individual even if we do not say so B. the degree to which we internally agree with positive stereotyped perceptions of a specific individual C. the degree to which we agree with negative stereotyped perceptions of a group D. the degree to which we are concerned with negative perceptions of a specific individual E. the degree to which we are concerned with being judged or perceived negatively based on a stereotype
E. the degree to which we are concerned with being judged or perceived negatively based on a stereotype
People are more engaged in their jobs when ________. A. they work in a high level job B. they get more time off C. they have adequate training for the job D. the pay is higher E. they have sufficient resources
E. they have sufficient resources
What is the study of organizational behavior specifically concerned with? A. Profitability B. Process improvement C. Personal situations D. Regulatory environments E. Employment-related situations
E. Employment-related situations
Which early theory reviewed the concepts of satisfaction and dissatisfaction? A. Theory X and Theory Y B. Locke's goal-setting theory C. Maslow's hierarchy of needs D. Reinforcement theory E. Herzberg's two-factor theory
E. Herzberg's two-factor theory
Which variable pay plan has been historically popular as a way to compensate production workers by paying a fixed sum for each unit of production completed? A. Bonus B. Skill-based C. Profit-sharing D. Merit-based E. Piece-rate
E. Piece-rate
Bao has the capability to modify her behavior to external, situational factors. Which of the following terms best describe Bao's capability? A. Proactive personality B. Core self-evaluating C. Psychopathy D. Extraversion dimension E. Self-monitoring
E. Self-monitoring
Two causes of creative behavior are ________ and ________. A. potential; intelligence B. expertise; environment C. intelligence; environment D. personality; rational persuasion E. potential; environment
E. potential; environment
Which type of response includes actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions, including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and undertaking some forms of union activity? A. Exit B. Neglect C. Voice D. Loyalty E. Apathy
C. Voice
The dimensions of fit include all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. person-organization B. person-job C. person-values D. person-group E. person-supervisor
C. person-values
The relationship between moods and job attitudes is ________. A. inversely related B. retaliatory C. reciprocal D. non-existent E. symbiotic
C. reciprocal
The Big 5 model includes all of the following traits EXCEPT ________. A. emotional stability B. openness to experience C. agreeableness D. logic E. extraversion
D. logic
Research has indicated that ________ is critical to rational thinking. A. process B. ethics C. reasoning D. emotion E. stress
D. emotion
Managerial activities include all of the following EXCEPT ________ A. human resources management B. communication C. operations D. information technology management E. networking
D. information technology management
"The older you get, the more likely you are to leave your job." Is this statement true or false, and why? A. False. As people get closer to retirement, they often have little motivation to make life changes. B. True. As people age, they do not want to work as hard as they did earlier in their careers and thus have to change jobs. C. True. They want to work shorter hours. D. False. Older people with longer tenure tend to have higher pay and benefits, which increases job satisfaction. E. True. Many older people have already received all of the promotions and pay increases that they will receive with their current organizations. In order to increase pay or gain greater responsibilities, they need to change organizations.
D. False. Older people with longer tenure tend to have higher pay and benefits, which increases job satisfaction.
Which of the following would be considered a terminal value? A. Kindness B. Autonomy C. Self-reliance D. Freedom E. Personal discipline
D. Freedom
The fact that most people believe that weather impacts mood, despite evidence that suggests weather and mood are not connected, is an example of what? A. Single event analysis B. Relative association C. Summation of discovery D. Illusory correlation E. Vision analysis
D. Illusory correlation
Danyell had been trying to lose weight for several months without much result. Although she had changed some of her eating habits and hit the gym when she didn't feel too tired or she had time, it seems that she wasn't really getting anywhere. This example speaks to what component of motivation? A. Persistence B. Attitude C. Inspiration D. Intensity E. Direction
D. Intensity
Which of the following is true regarding emotions and decision making? A. Depressed people make less accurate judgments. B. Depressed people process information faster. C. Negative emotions enhance problem-solving skills. D. Positive emotions enhance problem-solving skills. E. Positive emotions detract from problem-solving skills.
D. Positive emotions enhance problem-solving skills.
Which of the following is a discrepancy that exists between the current state of affairs and some desired state, requiring us to consider alternative courses of action? A. Perception B. Stalemate C. Decision D. Problem E. Challenge
D. Problem
Which of the following would most likely reduce the discomfort of cognitive dissonance? A. Earning low rewards B. Developing a tolerance C. Focusing on other things where you have no cognitive dissonance D. Receiving high rewards E. Watching other people do the same thing
D. Receiving high rewards
Which of the following is used in systematic study to determine cause and effect relationships? A. Deductive reasoning B. Perception C. Intuition D. Scientific evidence E. Instinct
D. Scientific evidence
Riya can be described as an individual with positive core self-evaluations. Which of the following is true for Riya? A. She views herself positively but feels she is not in control of her environment. B. She persists in achieving goals in the short-term, but does not sustain effort in the long-term. C. She thinks she is capable of doing more but the results do not agree. D. She provides better customer service and is well-liked among her coworkers. E. She performs worse at work because she over-estimates her capabilities.
D. She provides better customer service and is well-liked among her coworkers.
Donelle is a doctor at the local hospital. Based simply on that job title, Donelle should score highly on which of the Job Characteristic Model (JCM) dimensions? A. Task identity B. Feedback C. Autonomy D. Task significance E. Skill variety
D. Task significance
In regard to the problem-solving and learning abilities of men and women, which statement is most likely true? A. Men score higher than women. B. Women score higher than men. C. Research studies have been inconclusive. D. There are no consistent differences between men and women. E. This concept has not been scientifically analyzed.
D. There are no consistent differences between men and women.
Which of the following elements of self-efficacy theory means to become more confident because you see someone else doing the task? A. Enactive mastery B. Verbal persuasion C. Arousal D. Vicarious modeling E. Self-concordance
D. Vicarious modeling
Which of the following is defined as the concept that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and inclusion of other diverse groups? A. Worker variability B. Employee mixture C. Workforce variety D. Workforce diversity E. Affirmative action
D. Workforce diversity
Riya has to make a choice between accepting a 6-month internship at Marriott or a 3-month summer internship at Under Armour. Riya is faced with ________. A. selective perception B. a problem C. consensus D. a decision E. uncertainty
D. a decision
Ideas which are considered to be both novel and useful by stakeholders are considered ________. A. creativity constructs B. potentially creative C. causes of creative behavior D. creative outcomes E. socially progressive
D. creative outcomes
Individuals in a negative mood may be better able to ________ than those in a positive mood. A. recognize other people's emotions B. gauge other people's moods C. process information faster D. discern truthful information E. think clearly
D. discern truthful information
Today's workforce is ________. A. predominantly female B. predominantly white C. predominantly minority D. gender balanced E. predominantly over 55
D. gender balanced
According to McClelland, high achievers are strongly motivated when jobs have ________. A. high risk, high reward, and high personal responsibility B. low risk, high reward, and high personal responsibility C. high reward, low personal responsibility, and high risk D. high personal responsibility, high feedback, and moderate risk E. high feedback, low risk, and high responsibility
D. high personal responsibility, high feedback, and moderate risk
Some organizations that have moved to flexible benefit plans have shown ________. A. increased absenteeism B. decreased productivity C. increased favoritism D. increased retention. E. decreased satisfaction
D. increased retention.
Which of the following represents a pay plan that rewards workers for recent rather than past performance? A. Merit-based pay B. Piece-rate C. Profit-sharing D. Skill-based pay E. Bonuses
E. Bonuses
Critical thinking skills involve which of the following? A. Dialogue skills B. Knowledge application skills C. Social responsibility skills D. Listening skills E. Cognitive skills
E. Cognitive skills
Which element of equity theory is concerned with the fairness of the outcomes, such as the pay and recognition that employees receive? A. Procedural justice B. Interpersonal justice C. Legal justice D. Informational justice E. Distributive justice
E. Distributive justice
Which term refers to a person's ability to perceive emotions in the self and others, understand the meaning of these emotions, and regulate one's emotions accordingly? A. Emotional understanding B. Emotional control C. Emotional perception D. Emotional monitoring E. Emotional intelligence
E. Emotional intelligence
Which of the following describes the effort-performance relationship? A. Instrumentality B. Self-actualization C. Valence D. Self-concordance E. Expectancy
E. Expectancy
Flexible benefits are consistent with what motivational theory? A. Goal-setting theory B. Hierarchy of needs C. Relational job design D. Equity theory E. Expectancy theory.
E. Expectancy theory.
In the integrated model of contemporary motivation theories, for effort to lead to performance, which of the following must be present? A. Equity comparisons and dominant needs B. Reinforcement and performance evaluation criteria C. Opportunity and dominant needs D. Dominant needs and job design E. Fair and objective performance evaluation system
E. Fair and objective performance evaluation system
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of intellectual ability? A. Inductive reasoning B. Memory C. Number aptitude D. Verbal comprehension E. IQ
E. IQ
Disrespectful and aggressive behavior toward others and ignoring the opinions of others falls under which form of discrimination? A. Intimidation B. Harassment C. Mockery D. Exclusion E. Incivility
E. Incivility
Which impact of the 2008 recession is directly related to OB? A. Changes in luxury goods spending B. Increases in the amount of housing foreclosures C. Changes in accounting regulations relating to the valuation of certain securities D. Decreases in housing prices E. Increases in layoffs and job losses
E. Increases in layoffs and job losses
Which of the following is NOT one of the nine basic physical abilities? A. Extent flexibility B. Explosive strength C. Trunk strength D. Dynamic flexibility E. Intellectual strength
E. Intellectual strength
The process of setting an initial pay level requires an organization to balance what? A. The value of the company's stock and employee pay B. Historic pay and future value of a dollar C. The division of job functions D. What needs to be done and who will do it E. Internal and external equity
E. Internal and external equity
Job satisfaction, according to research conducted in Europe, is positively associated with what? A. Increased communication levels B. Lower affective commitment C. Lower need for pay D. Supervisor satisfaction E. Life satisfaction
E. Life satisfaction
Which of the following is NOT a critical issue for which OB seeks to provide meaningful insights? A. Responding to economic pressures B. Responding to globalization C. Improving customer service D. Managing workforce diversity E. Maximizing profitability
E. Maximizing profitability
In the area of decision making, what does satisficing involve? A. Using creativity to develop a greater number of possible solutions. B. Seeking all relevant information. C. Seeking the perfect or optimal solution. D. Weighing each piece of information to determine the value. E. Seeking a solution that is sufficient.
E. Seeking a solution that is sufficient.
Which group leader activity would most likely ensure that diversity helps rather than hinders a group? A. Composing the group of people who prefer to work alone rather than in teams. B. Micromanaging in order to make sure that everyone completes assigned tasks. C. Composing the group of people of varying intelligence levels. D. Minimizing the diversity in order to minimize conflicts. E. Showing how members have a common interest in the group's success.
E. Showing how members have a common interest in the group's success.
Becky was tired of all the angry customers calling in because of power outages that were not her fault. Her supervisor reminded her that since she had a performance evaluation coming up, she needed to be sure to keep a positive tone on her calls because they were being monitored. Becky's positive attitude may be an example of what? A. Emotional contagion B. Emotional regulation C. Inadequate training D. Attribution E. Surface acting
E. Surface acting
