Micro Test 3 review

Malaria is caused by:

protozoans

Epstein-Barr virus is transmitted via

saliva

A widespread rash extending to even the soles of the feet is associated with

secondary syphilis

HPV is associated with

sexual activity and cervical cancer

A client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is taking zidovudine (AZT). AZT is a drug that acts to:

slow replication of the virus

The organism responsible for causing syphilis appears as:

spirochetes

All of the following are virulence factors that allow Helicobacter pylori to colonize the stomach EXCEPT:

toxin production

What is the leading cause of death among HIV-infected individuals?

tuberculosis

Papillomaviruses cause

warts

The nurse is assessing a client who is suspected being in the early symptomatic stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Which of the following signs and symptoms of infection should the nurse detect during this stage?

whitish yellow patches in the mouth

You are a nurse practitioner in a busy OB/GYN clinic. You have a patient which presents with vaginitis and order a wet prep. If the causative agent is due to Candida albicans, what should be seen on the wet prep?

yeast

The nurse assesses the mouth and oral cavity of a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection because the most common opportunistic infection initially presents as:

oral candidiasis

The primary reason that a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a serious concern to a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is that it:

is an acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS)-defining illness

Adenoviridae is the commonly associated with

keratoconjunctivitis

A client who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) delivers a newborn infant. The nurse provides instructions to help the client with care of her infant. which client statement indicates the need for further instruction?

"I need to breast-feed, especially for the first 6 weeks postpartum."

The nurse prepares a teaching plan for the mother of a child diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis. Which, if stated by the mother, indicates a need for further teaching?

"It is okay to share towels and washcloths."

A postpartum client is Rh-negative and has delivered an Rh-positive infant. The client is being educated concerning the RhoGAM, which has been ordered. The nurse realizes the client understands the purpose of RhoGAM when she states:

"RhoGAM will protect my next baby if it is Rh-negative."

Dengue fever is commonly known as

"breakbone fever."

Bacterial conjunctivitis has affected several children at a local day care center. A nurse should advise which measure to minimize the risk of infection?

perform thorough hand washing before and after touching any child in the day care center

Candida albicans is a __________ infection.

fungal

A patient presents with a brain abscess. The dominant organism is an anaerobe normally found as part of the oral flora. Which of the following best fits that description?

Actinomyces

Which of the following can be transmitted from an infected mother to her unborn child?

All of these are correct

Two weeks after a backpacking trip in Tennessee, a hiker experienced flulike symptoms and noticed a red rash on his thigh. What is the likely cause of his illness?

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question Roseola "fifth" disease titer in pregnancy flaccid paralysis chicken pox dermatomal distribution zoster virus

Correct Match E. HHV-6 A. Erythema infectiosum I. Rubella H. polio C. varicella J. Shingles J. Shingles

The most common causes of diarrhea in the world include:

Campylobacter jejuni, Rotovirus, E. coli (ETEC)

A premature baby, now four days old, has developed a white coating on her buccal mucosa extending onto her lips. The baby appears hungry trying to nurse as soon as the bottle appears but stops soon afterwards and begins to cry. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Candida

Which of the following is a common member of the skin microbiota?

Candida

A 20-year-old client who reports vaginal itching and a thick, white, cheese-like vaginal discharge beginning 2 days ago tells the nurse that she has been taking oral contraceptives for 2 months. The nurse determines that the client is most likely exhibiting signs of which of the following?

Candidiasis

A 6 year-old neonate has developed a purulent conjunctivitis. On Gram stain of a purulent exudate, no bacteria are seen. Which of the following bacteria is most likely the cause of the conjunctivitis?

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question small white bumps with a central dimple (like a wart) can cause severe abdominal infections can grow in/on soft cheese and lunch meat at 4C Gardasil adventure racing "mono" pseudomembrane in pharynx Hib vaccine

Correct Match A. Molluscum contagiosum B. Bacteroides fragilis C. Listeria monocytogenes D. HPV E. Leptospira F. Epstein-Barr virus G. Corynebacterium diphtheriae H. Haemophilus influenzae

Question flea bite infected rabbit tissue contaminated livestock bubonic plague infection in preformed lung cavities CSF

Correct Match C. Yersina pestis A. Francisella tularensis H. Brucella abortus C. Yersina pestis G. Aspergilloma D. Cryptococcus neoformans

A client at 34 weeks' gestation visits the clinic complaining of flulike symptoms and a bull's eye-like rash. She reports that she went camping last weekend and may have gotten a tick bite. The client is diagnosed with Lyme disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the physician to order?

Penicillin (Pen-Vee K)

A 21-year-old nursing student on the Caribbean island of Dominica presents at the Student Health Clinic complaining of increasingly severe headache an back and bone pain. Yesterday she was nauseated and vomited several times during the night. She has a 39.5C/103F fever. She had been hiking in the rainforest 1 week earlier and was particularly bother by mosquitoes at that time. The most likely infectious agent causing her symptoms is

Dengue virus

All of the following are associated with end-stage AIDS patients EXCEPT:

E. coli

A horror movie portrays victims of biological warfare with uncontrolled bleeding from the eyes, mouth, nose, ears, and anus. What actual virus causes these symptoms?

Ebola virus

A home health nurse begins caring for a 25-year-old female client who has just been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The4 client asks the nurse, "How could this have happened?" The nurse responds to the question based on the most frequent mode of HIV transmission, which is:

having sexual intercourse with an HIV-positive person without using a condom

Otitis media is caused by three main bacteria:

H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis

HAART is a therapy used for treatment of infections of which of the following?

HIV

A 14 month old boy is brought in by his parents with fever, fussiness and lethargy, and apparent headache. On examination, the neck is stiff. His parents have not given him his routine childhood vaccines. Very short Gram-negative rods are seen in the CSF., so antibiotics are started immediately. No one else in the family is ill. What is the mostly likely causative agent?

Haemophilus influnzae

Coxsackie A is the causative agent of

Hand, Foot, and Mouth syndrome

The client asks the nurse what causes a peptic ulcer to develop. The nurse responds that recent research indicates that many peptic ulcers are the result of which of the following?

Helicobacter pylori infection

Which of the following is capable of growing inside human cells?

Listeria monocytogenes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The following organisms are often associated with hospital acquired infections:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia cepacia

Which of the following microbes is NOT associated with contaminated food?

Streptococcus pyogenes

Which of the following infections causes problems for pregnant mothers and their babies?

Treponema pallidum, Toxoplasma gondii Cytomegalovirus Herpes, HIV

Spraying for mosquito-borne diseases in the urban southern U.S. helps to prevent:

West Nile Virus (WNV). Yellow Fever

The typical chancre of syphilis appears as;

a painless, moist ulcer

All of the following are true statements concerning shingles EXCEPT:

a person can have multiple recurrences of shingles.

A fungus that can infect both healthy and immunocompromised patients is called

a true pathogen

An adult client has bacterial conjunctivitis. What should the nurse teach him to do? Select all that apply.

apply topical antibiotic without touching the tip of the tube to his eye wash hands after touching his eyes avoid touching his eyes

The number one and second leading causes of gastric ulcers include:

aspirin; Helicobacter pylori

Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of which of the following diseases in the U.S.?

bacterial gastroenteritis

The rash observed with chickenpox presents itself:

by the rash lesions occurring in "crops" causing different stages being present at one time

Women who have human papillomavirus (HPV) are at risk for development of:

cervical cancer

The following sexually transmitted diseases can be effectively treated/cured:

chlamydia gonorrhea syphilis

The most common cause of congenital infection is

cytomegalovirus

Which of the following is effectively prevented by immunization?

diphtheria

Poxviruses are transmitted primarily by

droplet inhalation