MICROBIO LAB 6 REVIEW
How many acetyl CoA molecules are produced during the intermediate step from 1 molecule of glucose? 0 4 2 1
2
How many pyruvic acid molecules are produced from the glycolysis of 1 glucose molecule? 1 4 0 2
2
Which energy-rich molecule directly powers cell work? glucose ATP water O2
ATP
Why is ATP required for glycolysis? ATP makes it easier to break apart glucose into two three-carbon molecules. ATP is used to convert PEP into pyruvic acid. ATP is used to convert DHAP into G3P. ATP is used to reduce NAD+ to NADH.
ATP makes it easier to break apart glucose into two three-carbon molecules.
What is the intermediate product formed by pyruvic acid during alcoholic fermentation? Carbon dioxide Formic acid Lactic acid Acetaldehyde Ethanol
Acetaldehyde
Which step in carbohydrate metabolism yields the most ATP? glycolysis ETS Krebs cycle the conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA
ETS
Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true? Glycolysis produces glucose. Glycolysis is the main source of NADH in the cell. Glycolysis is also called the Embden-Meyerhof pathway. All cells perform glycolysis.
Glycolysis is also called the Embden-Meyerhof pathway.
Which of the following statements about fermentation is true? It allows the electron transport chain to continue in the absence of oxygen. It is an alternative way to return electron carriers to their oxidized state. It is an alternative way for a cell to produce oxygen. It provides additional protons to allow the electron transport chain to continue.
It is an alternative way to return electron carriers to their oxidized state.
What is the fate of the NAD+ newly regenerated by fermentation? It is converted into an organic acid. It is oxidized into carbon dioxide. It returns to glycolysis to pick up more electrons. It is converted into ethanol.
It returns to glycolysis to pick up more electrons.
What is the role of pyruvic acid in fermentation? It provides the protons to be used in the electron transport chain. It takes the electrons from NADH, oxidizing it back into NAD+. It is the organic acid end-product of fermentation. It becomes the final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain in the absence of oxygen.
It takes the electrons from NADH, oxidizing it back into NAD+.
The majority of the high-energy coenzymes (such as NADH and FADH2) are generated during glycolysis ETS Krebs cycle intermediate step
Krebs cycle
Which of the following is an acid produced by fermentation? Lactic acid Pyruvic acid Propionic acid Ethanol Lactic acid and propionic acid
Lactic acid and propionic acid
How do electrons get from glycolysis, the intermediate step, and the Krebs cycle to the electron transport chain? Oxygen recruits electrons to the electron transport chain. Acetyl-CoA carries electrons to the electron transport chain using redox reactions. Pyruvic acid transports the electrons using decarboxylation reactions. NADH and FADH2 transport electrons to the electron transport chain.
NADH and FADH2 transport electrons to the electron transport chain.
What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration? Water Sulfate Nitrate Oxygen
Oxygen
What carbon molecules remain at the end of glycolysis? Pyruvic acid Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) Glucose
Pyruvic acid
This image represents the oxidase test results performed on three different bacterial species. Which of the following statements regarding these results is correct? Serratia marcescens is oxidase negative Neisseria cinerea is oxidase negative Serratia marcescens and Shigella flexneri are oxidase positive Serratia marcescens and Neisseria cinerea are oxidase positive
Serratia marcescens is oxidase negative
This image represents the results of a coagulase test performed on Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. Which of the bacterial species is (are) positive for coagulase? neither Staphylococcus aureus nor Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus aureus only both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus epidermidis only
Staphylococcus aureus only
The enzyme, catalase, is produced by bacteria that respire using oxygen, and protects them from the toxic by-products of oxygen metabolism. Using your knowledge of the test and which organisms this test differentiates between, which of the following organisms would be likely be catalase positive neither Staphylococcus epidermidis nor Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pyogenes only Staphylococcus epidermidis only both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes
Staphylococcus epidermidis only
How many net ATPs can be made from one molecule of glucose in glycolysis? Two Four Six One
Two
What observations could you make in the case of a positive catalase test? You may see a change in media color from red to yellow. You may see bubbles develop upon adding hydrogen peroxide to the sample. You may see a blue/purple pigment on a DrySlide card. You may see a change in media color from yellow to red following addition of methyl red indictor.
You may see bubbles develop upon adding hydrogen peroxide to the sample.
The biochemical test shown in the image is used to detect the presence or absence of a certain enzyme that differentiates staphylococci (positive) from streptococci (negative). Using your knowledge of the test and the results observed in this image, name the enzyme. catalase oxidase coagulase lipase
catalase
The biochemical test shown in the image is used to detect the presence or absence of a certain enzyme that distinguishes between Staphylococcus aureus (positive) from other species of staphylococci (negative). Using your knowledge of the test and the results observed in this image, name the enzyme. oxidase coagulase catalase lipase
coagulase
The biochemical test shown in the image is used to identify bacteria that produce a certain enzyme of the bacterial electron transport chain that is present in aerobic bacteria. Name the enzyme and state which of the results observed in the image is a positive result. glucose oxidase/A glucose oxidase/B cytochrome C oxidase/B cytochrome C oxidase/A
cytochrome C oxidase/A
What is the name of the specific type of oxidase that is assessed for when performing the Oxidase test? cytochrome c oxidase glucose oxidase monoamine oxidase NADPH oxidase
cytochrome c oxidase
Where does glycolysis occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? mitochondria cholorsome cytoplasm nucleosome
cytoplasm
NADH and FADH2 play an important role in energy production by donating electrons for redox reactions that occur in the ___________. steps of glycolysis Kreb's cycle intermediate step electron transport chain
electron transport chain
What occurs when a high-energy bond in ATP is broken resulting in ADP? energy is released that will drive chemical reactions the energy is transferred to ADP an oxidation-reduction reaction begins the reaction drives the electron transport chain
energy is released that will drive chemical reactions
Coagulase is an enzyme produced by Staphylococcus aureus that converts (soluble) _____________ in plasma to (insoluble) __________. coagulogin/coagulin fibrinogen/fibrin plasminogen/plasmin thrombogin/thrombin
fibrinogen/fibrin
Which of the following molecules is broken down in cellular respiration, providing fuel for the cell? glucose ATP water O2
glucose
Pyruvic acid is utilized during various fermentation processes. What process produces pyruvic acid that fuels fermentation? glycogenesis decarboxylation of glycogen gluconeogenesis glycolysis
glycolysis
The immediate result of electron movement through the electron transport chain is the pumping of protons across the bacterial cell membrane, creating a _____ outside the cell than inside the cell. higher concentration of protons lower concentration of protons lower concentration of electrons higher concentration of electrons
higher concentration of protons
Which process of glucose catabolism doesn't generate ATP? glycolysis intermediate step Krebs cycle ETS
intermediate step
The main function of the Krebs cycle during cellular respiration is to ______. make NADH and FADH2 through redox reactions produce a large amount of ATP break glucose in half create acetyl-CoA
make NADH and FADH2 through redox reactions
Which type of phosphorylation mechanism is used to generate ATP in the ETS? photophosphorylation reductive phosphorylation substrate-level phosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation
During a redox reaction, the molecule that loses an electron is ______________ and the molecule that gains the electron is _______________. reduced/polarized reduced/oxidized polarized/oxidized oxidized/reduced
oxidized/reduced
The reactions of the electron transport system occur in the ________of prokaryotic cells and in the ________ of eukaryotic cells. plasma membrane/mitochondria mitochondria/mitochondria cytoplasm/plasma membrane chlorosome/chloroplast
plasma membrane/mitochondria
Refer to the numbered steps in the figure when answering the question. Two carbons in the form of acetyl-CoA enter the Krebs cycle by joining with oxaloacetic acid, a 4-carbon molecule. During which step does carbon leave the Krebs cycle in the form of CO2? step 1 step 3 step 4 step 1 and step 3 and step 4 step 3 and step 4
step 3 and step 4
Refer to the numbered steps in the figure when answering the question. Which step is a redox reaction? step 1 step 3 step 4 step 6 step 9
step 6
Refer to the numbered steps in the figure when answering the question. Which step shows an energy investment in the form of ATP? steps 1 and 3 steps 1 and 10 steps 3 and 7 steps 7 and 10 steps 1, 3, 7, and 10
steps 1 and 3
Glycolysis makes ATP using ______. chemiosmosis photophosphorylation substrate-level phosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation
substrate-level phosphorylation
What type of phosphorylation is used to produce ATP in the Krebs cycle? oxidative phosphorylation substrate-level phosphorylation reductive phosphorylation photophosphorylation
substrate-level phosphorylation
Glycolysis literally means sugar splitting. Embden-Meyerhof. sugar producing. energy producing.
sugar splitting.
