Mid Term Continued Sociology
A social position that a person attains through personal effort or assumes voluntarily : Person attains through personal effort or assumes voluntarily / college ,mother ,
Achieved Status
Norms that involve everyday customs , practices and interaction
Folkways
The death penalty
Capital punishment
Not having enough money to afford the basic necessities of life such as food ,clothing , and shelter .
Absolute poverty
A social position a person is born into example : sex ,race,ethnicity , family relationships brother
Ascribed Status
Lack of any interest in or desire for sex
Asexual
Young adults who move back in with their parents ,often with a spouse ,girlfriend or boyfriend
Boomerang children
Those who own and control capital and the means of production .
Bourgeoisie
Movement from one social position to another is limited by ascribed status .
Closed stratification
Encourages workers exploitation and promotes interest of the rich / ignores a wealth of talent among the poor
Conflict
Organizations promote inequality that benefits elites , not workers
Conflict
Which theory believes in ethnocentrism
Conflict
illegal's act committed by executives to benefit themselves and their companies
Corporate crimes
A group within society that openly opposes and or rejects some of the dominant culture norms , values, or laws .
Counterculture
Made up of government agencies, police ,courts, and prisons
Criminal justice system
Harriett Martinu
Criticized slavery
Refers to the gap that occurs when material culture changes faster than nonmaterial culture
Culture lag
The belief that no culture is better than another and should be judged by its own standards
Culture relativism
People that learn deviance through interaction , especially with significant others .
Differential association theory
Examines social interaction as if occurring on a stage where people play different roles and act out scenes for the audiences with whom they interact .
Dramatical analysis
Higher education promotes upper mobility
Education
The belief that ones culture , society, or group is inherently superior to others .
Ethnocentrism
Words or phrases that avoid a harsh, unpleasant , or distasteful, reality
Euphemisms
Judge ,Student , Socialogist
Ex: of Statuses
According to George Mead where does the most critical social interaction occur
Family
Comte
Father of Sociology
Motivates people to succeed and ensures that most qualified people will fill the most important positions
Functionalist
Groups and Organizations / Oranizatione are made up of interrelated parts and rules and regulations that produce cooperation in meeting a common goal
Funtionalists
Roughly 6 years and older acquiring the ability to understand connections between roles . Baseball child plays one role at a time
Game Stage
Learned attitude and behavior that characterizes women and men
Gender
Unequal access to wealth ,power, status, prestige, and other valued resources because of one's sex .
Gender Stratification contributes to systemic inequality .
Perception of ones self of either masculine or feminine
Gender identity
Since of who you are and inneraction
Goerge Cooley
Impression management and dramatical analysis
Goffman Ervin
Criminal offense motivated by the fact or perception that the victims differ from the perpetrator
Hate crime
The most critical social interaction occurs in the family, the foundation of socialization .Learn to differentiate the me and I
Herbert Mead Family is where it all starts .
Often called straight attracted to people of the opposite sex
Heterosexual
Sexually attracted to people of the same sex .
Homosexual
Hubbard House
Jane Adams
Society reaction to behavior is a major factor in defining oneself or others deviant
Labeling theory
Formally defined norms about what is legal or illegal
Laws
Those with new money which class Forbes list
Lower-upper class
Overrides other statuses and forms an important part of persons social identity. CEO Military officer family wealth , Doctorate
Master Status
The physical objects that people make ,use and share
Material culture
George Mead
Me and I theory
Electric shock / Obedient
Milligram Theorist
Norms that people consider very important because they maintain moral and ethical behavior
Mores
Refers to the coexistence of several cultures in the same geographic area without one culture dominating another
Multiculturalism
Three or more generations live together
Multigenerational house holds
Which report offers a more accurate picture of many offenses
NCVS
The ideas that people create to interpret and understand the world
Nonmaterial culture
Specific rules of right and wrong behavior
Norms
Criticism regarding poverty
Old girls network
Allows movement up to or down because peoples achievements affect mobility
Open stratification
Roughly 2-6 years Child begins to use language and to use language and to understand that words have a meaning through play children begin to role taking ( Ill be mommy you be daddy)
Play Stage
The minimal income level that the federal government considers necessary for basic subsistence
Poverty line also( poverty threshold )
The ability to influence or control the behavior of others despite opposition .
Power
Birth to 2 years / Could mimic daddy shaving or mommy angry tone of voice
Preparatory Stage
Children gradually acquire this ability early in the socialization process through three stages .
Preparatory stage , Play Stage , Game stage
A small group of people who engage in intimate face to face interaction over an extended period :
Primary Group : Ex Families close friends
A small group of people who engage in intimate face to face interaction over an extended period .
Primary Group EX: Family , Close Friends
Who are the people who shape an individual's self image ,behavior, values,and attitudes in different context.
Reference Groups
Approach to controlling deviance maintains that appropriate treatment can change offenders
Rehabilitation
Me forms as children engage in what ?
Role Taking
A large usually formal ,impersonal, and temporary , collection , of people who pursue a specific goal or activity .
Secondary Group : Ex Sociology Class
A large usually formal , impersonal and temporary collection of people who pursue a specific goal or activity .
Secondary Group Ex: Sociology Class , Sports teams ,labor unions , and a companies employees .
Refers to the biological characteristics with which they were born
Sex
An attitude or behavior that discriminates against one sex ,usually females , based on the assumed superiority of the other sex
Sexism
Any unwanted sexual advance request for sexual favors ,or the other conduct of a sexual nature that makes a person uncomfortable and interferes with her or his work
Sexual harassment
Two or more people who share some attribute and interact with one another /sense of belonging , friends religious groups , athletic teams
Social Group
Two or more people who share some attribute and interact with one another .
Social Group Ex: Religous congregations, clubs, Veterens sinse of belonging.
Organized and established social system that meets one or more societys basic needs
Social institution
What is the lifelong process through which peolpe learn culture and become functioning members of society .
Socialization
An overall ranking of persons position in society based on income , education, and occupation
Socioeconomic status
Who are the people that research and study human behavior
Sociologist
The study of human behaviors in society
Sociology
A group within society that has distinctive norms, values, beliefs , lifestyles , or language .
Subculture
A group within society that has distinctive norms, values, beliefs, lifestyle, or language
Subculture.
Data collection methods
Surveys , interviews
Shapes stratification through socialization everyday interaction and group membership /reflects social class identification through symbols
Symbolic Interaction
People are not puppets and can affect what goes on in a group or organization
Symbolic Interactionist
Anything that stands for something else and has a particular meaning for people who share a culture
Symbols
behavior is regular and pattern
Systematic
People whose gender identity and behavior do not correspond with their birth sex .
Transgender
Women's poverties rates are higher than men
True
Crimes reported to the police and arrests made each year
UCR
Two of the most important sources of crime statistics are the FBI and Department of Justice
UCR and NCVS
People who are persistently poor, residentially segregated and relatively isolated from the rest of the population .
Underclass
People are the old rich who have been wealthy for generations
Upper-upper class
Refers to illegal activities committed by high status people in the course of their occupations
White -collar crime
Abortion is the most common among
Women who are young ,white and never married
People who work at least 27 weeks a year but those whose wages fall below the official poverty level .
Working poor
Experimented with prisoners
Zimbardo
What is social research
know stages / read and review chapter 1
Which are considered as nonverbal communication
silence,touch,personal space.
Power diferential
what do conflict theorist believe in