Midterm 10/2019 Study Guide

Most manufacturers or retailers of laptops offer a warranty that lasts for at least how long?

1 year

How many pins are in the power supply connector that is typically used on most motherboards today?

20-pin

The PCI Express Version 3.0 can provide up to what amount of throughput with 16 lanes for data?

32 GB/sec

The Remote Desktop and Remote Assistance applications utilize what port for remote access?

3389

Sometimes a board may have an extra PCIe power connector. This connector comes in what two different pin numbers?

6-pin, 8-pin

If you have a PCI Express Version 2 video card, how many pins will the power connector have if the card requires extra power?

8

Describe how a computer with a Private IP address accesses the Internet.

A computer using a private IP address on a private network can still access the Internet if a router or other device that stands between the network and the Internet is using NAT (Network Address Translation).

Bluetooth

A short-range wireless technology used to connect two devices in a small personal network.

What is the difference between a tablet and a phablet?

A tablet is a computing device with a touch screen that is larger than a smart phone and has similar functions. Tablets can typically connect to Wi-Fi networks and use Bluetooth or NFC. Some tablets have the ability to use a cellular network for data transmissions and phone calls. When you can use your tablet to make a phone call, the distinction between a smart phone and a tablet is almost nonexistent, except for size. A phablet bridges this size exception. A phablet has the same capabilities of a smart phone or tablet and is smaller than a tablet and larger than a smart phone.

Which Windows utility program lists errors and issues that need attention?

Action Center

If the computer you are using is a laptop that moves from one network to another, what tab can be used to configure a secondary configuration, such as a static IP if a DHCP server cannot be reached?

Alternate Configuration

Describe the AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU).

An APU is a combination of a CPU and a graphics processor unit (GPU) in the same processor housing. In traditional desktops with high graphics needs, the CPU is installed on the motherboard and a GPU is embedded on a video card, also called a graphics adapter, installed in the system. The A-series chipset is an AMD chipset designed to support the APU.

What is the difference between bandwidth and throughput?

Bandwidth is the theoretical number of bits that can be transmitted over a network at one time, similar to the number of lanes on a highway. Bandwidth is the theoretical or potential speed of a network, whereas data throughput is the average of the actual speed.

Explain what you can do if you make a mistake editing the registry and don't know how to correct a problem you create.

Changes made to the registry take effect immediately. Therefore, take extra care when editing the registry. If you make a mistake and don't know how to correct a problem you create, then double-click the exported key to recover. When you double-click an exported key, the registry is updated with the values stored in this key.

Power SW

Controls power to the motherboard; must be connected for the PC to power up

When troubleshooting a device or service that has failed to start, what utility may have information regarding the cause?

Event Viewer

True of False. A DVI port transmits a video signal and is also called a DB-15 port.

False

True of False. When disassembling a computer, it's okay to stack circuit boards on top of each other as long as you follow ESD protection rules.

False

True/False. The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) guarantees delivery of data to its destination.

False

Which statement is NOT true regarding Ivy Bridge chipsets when compared to earlier products?

Ivy bridge uses more power than Nehalem chipsets

What is DNS and how does it work?

On the Internet, a fully qualified domain name must be associated with an IP address before this computer can be found. This process of associating a character-based name with an IP address is called name resolution. The DNS (Domain Name System or Domain Name Service) protocol is used by a DNS server to find an IP address for a computer when the fully qualified domain name is known.

Describe the PCI Express bus and contrast it with previous versions of the PCI bus.

PCI Express (PCIe) uses an altogether different architectural design than conventional PCI and PCI-X; PCIe is not backward compatible with either. PCI Express will ultimately replace both these buses as well as the AGP bus, although it is expected PCI Express will coexist with conventional PCI for some time to come. Whereas PCI uses a 32-bit or 64-bit parallel bus, PCI Express uses a serial bus, which is faster than a parallel bus because it transmits data in packets similar to how an Ethernet network, USB, and FireWire transmit data. A PCIe expansion slot can provide one or more of these serial lanes. Another difference in PCI Express is how it connects to the processor. One or more PCI Express slots used for video cards have a direct link to the North Bridge or to the processor (using Sandy Bridge or Ivy Bridge architecture). PCI Express currently comes in four different slot sizes called PCI Express ×1, ×4, ×8, and ×16.

What tool can help discover and report computer errors and conflicts that occur when you first turn on a computer and before the operating system is launched?

POST card

List and describe three front panel connectors you will likely see going from the front panel to the motherboard.

Power SW. Controls power to the motherboard; must be connected for the PC to power upHDD LED. Controls the drive activity light on the front panel that lights up when any SATA or IDE device is in use (HDD stands for hard disk drive; LED stands for light-emitting diode)Power LED+. Positive LED controls the power light and indicates that power is onPower LED-. Negative LED controls the power light; the two positive and negative leads indicate that power is onReset SW. Switch used to reboot the computer

Describe the LGA2011 processor socket, the CPUs it supports, targeted applications, and any special considerations for its implementation.

Second Generation (SandyBridge) Core i7 Extreme,Core i7, Core i5, Core i3,Pentium, and Celeron. 2011 pins in the socket touch 2011 lands on the processor, which uses a flip-chip land grid array (FCLGA). Used in high-end gaming and server computers and might require a liquid cooling system.

Reset SW

Switch used to reboot the computer.

Describe the Windows kernel, including its two main components.

The kernel, or core, of the OS is responsible for interacting with hardware. Because the kernel operates in kernel mode, it has more power to communicate with hardware devices than the shell has. Applications operating under the OS cannot get to hardware devices without the shell passing those requests to the kernel. This separation of tasks provides for a more stable system and helps to prevent a wayward application from destabilizing the system. The kernel has two main components: (1) the HAL (hardware abstraction layer), which is the layer closest to the hardware, and (2) the executive services interface, which is a group of services that operate in kernel mode between the user mode subsystems and the HAL. Executive services contained in the ntoskrnl.exe program file manage memory, I/O devices, file systems, some security, and other key components directly or by way of device drivers.

Describe the zero-touch, high-volume deployment strategy for Windows.

The zero-touch, high-volume deployment strategy is the most difficult to set up and requires complex tools. The installation does not require the user to start the process (called pull automation). Rather, the installation uses push automation, meaning that a server automatically pushes the installation to a computer when a user is not likely to be sitting at it. The entire remote network installation is automated and no user intervention is required. The process can turn on a computer that is turned off and even works when no OS is installed on the computer or the current OS is corrupted.

True/False. Today's DIMMs use a 64-bit data path.

True

List three reasons you should use matching form factors for the motherboard, power supply, and case.

Using matching form factors assures you that:The motherboard fits in the case.The power supply cords to the motherboard provide the correct voltage, and the connectors match the connections on the board.The holes in the motherboard align with the holes in the case for anchoring the board to the case.The holes in the case align with ports coming off the motherboard.For some form factors, wires for switches and lights on the front of the case match up with connections on the motherboard.The holes in the power supply align with holes in the case for anchoring the power supply to the case.

Which products are considered to be hypervisors?

VirtualBox, Virtual PC, Client Hyper-V

Which of the following statements regarding working inside a laptop computer is true?

When upgrading a laptop, you should use components that are the same brand as the laptop, or use only recommended components.

airplane mode

a computer is said to be in this mode when all wireless technologies are turned off

front panel header

a connector on a motherboard that consists of pins that stick up from the board

expansion slot

a connector on the motherboard that allows the insertion of a card

service manual

a document from the manufacturer that describes how to disassemble the device.

POST

a series of tests performed by the startup UEFI/BIOS when the computer is first turned on.

PCIe

a slot used for expansion cards or video cards on a motherboard

SO-DIMM (small outline DIMM)

a smaller type of memory slot typically used for laptops

ZIF connector

a type of connector that must be lifted up in order to be disconnected

DIMM

a type of memory slot found on a motherboard

What are two type of windows accounts?

administrator, standard

At what point during the motherboard installation should you install the motherboard drivers?

after Windows successfully boots without errors

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

also called a microprocessor or processor. does most of the processing of data and instructions for the entire system.

What terms refer to directories that exist under the root directory?

child directories, sub-directories, folders

HDD LED

controls the drive activity light on the front panel that lights up when any SATA or IDE device is in use

heat sink

draws heat from the CPU and pipes it to a fan, which then blows heat out of the case

What type of IP address is configured by a server when a device first initiates a connection to the network?

dynamic

True or False. A tower case conserves space since it can double as a monitor stand.

false

What component is most likely to be installed in a PC, is considered primary storage, and typically stores the operating system, as well as its applications?

hard disk drive

What factors must be considered when choosing a computer case?

internal drive locations, size of the motherboard, size of the power supply

spacer

keeps the motherboard from touching the case

What type of processor memory is located on the processor chip (processor die)?

level 1 cache

Current (amps)

measure of electrons moving through a circuit per second

Voltage

measurement of work required to move a charge from one location to another.

In what order should you install components into the case after disassembling a computer?

motherboard, drives, cards, power supply

What two terms describe the type of network cable that is used for connecting a computer to a switch or other network device?

patch cable, straight-through cable

Power LED +/-

positive / negative LED that controls the power light and indicates the power is on

What two devices in a computer should be considered "black boxes", and should never be opened, due to risks involving charged capacitors?

power supply, monitor

Which of the following represents a method for accessing the BIOS setup program?

press a key or combination of keys during the BIOS POST

What important information is needed if you are installing an OEM version of Windows 7?

product key

micro-ATX

reduces the total cost of a system by reducing the number of expansion slots on the motherboard, reducing the power supplied to the board, and allowing for a smaller case size

What is a snapshot of the system settings and configuration called?

restore point

ROM (Read Only Memory)

stores data permanently. Usually stores firmware and low level programs.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

stores data temporarily and aides in processing

Resistance (ohms)

the opposition to the flow of current in a circuit.

DisplayPort

transmits digital video and audio and is slowly replacing VGA and DVI

True of False. After installing the processor, if the system begins the boot process and suddenly turns off before completing the boot, the processor is most likely overheating.

true

Packets are delivered to a single node on a network when using what type of IPv6 address?

unicast address

The solution for securing private data traveling over a public network, such as the Internet, is the use of what type of network?

virtual private network

power (watts)

work required to move electrons through a circuit, multiplied by the number of electrons going through that circuit per second.

ESD strap

you clip it to the side of the computer case to dissipate any charge between you and the computer