Midterm A&P

Which of these regions is NOT associated with the ventral (anterior) portion of the head:

occipital

the thoracic cavity is _____ to the abdominopelvic cavity

superior

the main function of the respiratory system is to

supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for

surface tension

Which cavity houses the mediastinum?

thoracic

to perform heart surgery, an incision is made into the

thoracic cavity

the building blocks of a triglyceride are

three fatty acid chains and one glycerol molecule

the complementary base to adenine in a molecule of DNA is

thymine

Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity:

transverse

the diaphragm creates a _____ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities

transverse

polar molecules like water result when electrons are shared

unequally between atoms

the navel is located in the ______ region of the abdominopelvic cavity

ventral

which of these vitamins is produced in skin upon exposure to UV radiations

vitamin D

which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound

water

which of the following is not considered a nutrient

water

In order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units:

water molecules must be added to each bond

sadie works as an administrative assistant and has developed carpal tunnel syndrome what part of her body is affected

wrist

which of the following contains sodium

NaCl

which of the following statements about RNA is true

RNA is a single nucleotide strand

Jerome plays football and recently broke a bone in the tarsal region. This region is in the

ankle

which of the following orientation and directional terms have the same meaning

anterior and ventral

Matter is best described as

anything that occupies space and has mass

which of the following represents the chemical level of structure in the human body

atoms

region that refers to the fingers and toes is the

digital region

When correctly situated in anatomical position, where are your feet in relation to your knees?

distal

the ventral region is ____ to the sternal region

dorsal

unsaturated fatty acid chains contain one or more ____ bonds between carbon atoms

double

When our body temperature rises above 37 C or 98 F, a negative feedback mechanism will be triggered to lower the body temp. As a result, our sweat glands release sweat to cool the body temp. What part of the negative feedback mechanism is the sweat gland?

effector

nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as

electrical energy

the movement of ions across plasma membranes is an example of

electrical energy

the subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the

electrons

the system that controls and coordinated the body using hormones is the

endocrine system

which of the following is classified as a protein

enzyme

which region is medial

epigastric region

Which set of regions in the abdominopelvic cavity is medial?

epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric (pubis) region

saturated fats

exist as solids at room temperature

the orbital cavity houses the

eyes

which statement best describes fibrous protein

fibrous proteins most often appear in body structures

When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing

forward

enzymes are examples of ____ proteins

globular

which carbohydrate is also known as blood sugar

glucose

which of these body regions is located on the posterior body surface

gluteal

the major organs of the cardiovascular system are the

heart and blood vessels

which property of water explains its ability to prevent sudden changes in body temperature

high heat capacity

The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as

homeostasis

trans fats are oils that have been solidified by the addition of

hydrogen atoms

the nucleotide chains of DNA are held together by

hydrogen bonds

which of the following would be classified as an ezyme

hydrolase

the pH scale is based on the number of ____ in a solution

hydroxyls

the right and left iliac inguinal regions are lateral to the

hypogastric region

which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction

increased temperature

the hypogastric region is ____ to the umbilical region

inferior

which of the following is not a subatomic particle associated with an atom

ion

what type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another

ionic bond

which of the following elements is needed to make a functional hemoglobin molecule

iron

edna tore a ligament in the patellar region and anticipates having difficulty with her

knee

the surgeon created an opening in the chest during surgery. the incision was made along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity... known as...

median (midsagittal) section

_____ refers to all the chemical reactions in the body

metabolism

which of the following systems is matched most accurately to the life function it provides

nervous system- responsiveness

exchange reactions in which an acid and a base interact are known as

neutralization reaction

isotopes have different numbers of ____; thus they also have different

neutrons; atomic masses

number of protons always equals the ____ in a neutral atom

number of electrons

which of the following activities represent a physiological study?

observing how the heart contracts to pump blood

which two organ systems include the pancreas

digestive and endocrine systems

What are two organ systems that are involved in the excretion of wastes from the body?

digestive and urinary

the atomic mass number of an atom is equivalent to the number of

protons and neutrons

which of the following may be used in PET scans as biological tracers that can be followed through the body

radioisotopes

which of the following elements of a control system detects change

receptor

what are the three main components of a homeostatic control system

receptor, control center, effector

what is the major function of the lymphatic system

return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system

which regions of the abdominopelvic cavity houses the lower ribs

right and left hypochondriac regions

Andy sustained a baseball hit to his cranial cavity. Which bones were fractured?

skull

an atom with six protons, seven neutrons, and six electrons shares four pairs of electrons with four other atoms... it is now considered to be ....

stable

An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Its atomic mass number is

14

shell 1 of an atom can hold a maximum of _____ electrons

2

An atom with 13 electrons will have _____ electrons in the outer most valence shell.

3

the abdominopelvic cavity has ___ quadrants and ______ regions

4; 9

blood pH falls into a range between

7.35-7.45

which statement best describes why ATP is an important nucleic acid in the body

ATP provides a form of chemical energy all body cells can use

Identify the nucleic acid

DNA

what is the function of DNA

DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body

a nucleotide of DNA contain three components:

Deoxyribose; a phosphate group; nitrogen-containg base

the ____ system rids the body of indigestible food residue in feces while the ____ system removes nitrogen containing metabolic waste in urine

Digestive, urinary

Study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called

anatomy

which of the following solutions is the weakest acid

a solution with a pH of 6.4

which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary

adenine and thymine

the building blocks of proteins are

amino acids

a body part that is considered lateral is assumed to be

away from the midline of the body

enzymes are

biological catalysts

a chemist experiments on a molecule with the formula: C5H10(ten)O5, this compound is likely a

carbohydrate

a molecule of methane, CH4, is known specifically as a

compound

which of the following levels of organization is inclusive of all others

organ system

the most common element in the human body is

oxygen

in reference to the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions, which of the following statements are true

patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region

glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called

polysaccharides

milk production during breastfeeding is increased by the suckling of a newborn from his mothers nipple. this type of feedback mechanism bets desbrices

positive feedback

during a synthesis reaction, amino acids join to form

proteins

organic compounds that function in building tissues and acting as enzymes are

proteins

the atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ____ an atom contains

protons

an acid is a molecule that releases (donates)

protons (hydrogen ions)