Midterm A&P
Which of these regions is NOT associated with the ventral (anterior) portion of the head:
occipital
the thoracic cavity is _____ to the abdominopelvic cavity
superior
the main function of the respiratory system is to
supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for
surface tension
Which cavity houses the mediastinum?
thoracic
to perform heart surgery, an incision is made into the
thoracic cavity
the building blocks of a triglyceride are
three fatty acid chains and one glycerol molecule
the complementary base to adenine in a molecule of DNA is
thymine
Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity:
transverse
the diaphragm creates a _____ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities
transverse
polar molecules like water result when electrons are shared
unequally between atoms
the navel is located in the ______ region of the abdominopelvic cavity
ventral
which of these vitamins is produced in skin upon exposure to UV radiations
vitamin D
which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound
water
which of the following is not considered a nutrient
water
In order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units:
water molecules must be added to each bond
sadie works as an administrative assistant and has developed carpal tunnel syndrome what part of her body is affected
wrist
which of the following contains sodium
NaCl
which of the following statements about RNA is true
RNA is a single nucleotide strand
Jerome plays football and recently broke a bone in the tarsal region. This region is in the
ankle
which of the following orientation and directional terms have the same meaning
anterior and ventral
Matter is best described as
anything that occupies space and has mass
which of the following represents the chemical level of structure in the human body
atoms
region that refers to the fingers and toes is the
digital region
When correctly situated in anatomical position, where are your feet in relation to your knees?
distal
the ventral region is ____ to the sternal region
dorsal
unsaturated fatty acid chains contain one or more ____ bonds between carbon atoms
double
When our body temperature rises above 37 C or 98 F, a negative feedback mechanism will be triggered to lower the body temp. As a result, our sweat glands release sweat to cool the body temp. What part of the negative feedback mechanism is the sweat gland?
effector
nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as
electrical energy
the movement of ions across plasma membranes is an example of
electrical energy
the subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the
electrons
the system that controls and coordinated the body using hormones is the
endocrine system
which of the following is classified as a protein
enzyme
which region is medial
epigastric region
Which set of regions in the abdominopelvic cavity is medial?
epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric (pubis) region
saturated fats
exist as solids at room temperature
the orbital cavity houses the
eyes
which statement best describes fibrous protein
fibrous proteins most often appear in body structures
When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing
forward
enzymes are examples of ____ proteins
globular
which carbohydrate is also known as blood sugar
glucose
which of these body regions is located on the posterior body surface
gluteal
the major organs of the cardiovascular system are the
heart and blood vessels
which property of water explains its ability to prevent sudden changes in body temperature
high heat capacity
The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as
homeostasis
trans fats are oils that have been solidified by the addition of
hydrogen atoms
the nucleotide chains of DNA are held together by
hydrogen bonds
which of the following would be classified as an ezyme
hydrolase
the pH scale is based on the number of ____ in a solution
hydroxyls
the right and left iliac inguinal regions are lateral to the
hypogastric region
which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction
increased temperature
the hypogastric region is ____ to the umbilical region
inferior
which of the following is not a subatomic particle associated with an atom
ion
what type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another
ionic bond
which of the following elements is needed to make a functional hemoglobin molecule
iron
edna tore a ligament in the patellar region and anticipates having difficulty with her
knee
the surgeon created an opening in the chest during surgery. the incision was made along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity... known as...
median (midsagittal) section
_____ refers to all the chemical reactions in the body
metabolism
which of the following systems is matched most accurately to the life function it provides
nervous system- responsiveness
exchange reactions in which an acid and a base interact are known as
neutralization reaction
isotopes have different numbers of ____; thus they also have different
neutrons; atomic masses
number of protons always equals the ____ in a neutral atom
number of electrons
which of the following activities represent a physiological study?
observing how the heart contracts to pump blood
which two organ systems include the pancreas
digestive and endocrine systems
What are two organ systems that are involved in the excretion of wastes from the body?
digestive and urinary
the atomic mass number of an atom is equivalent to the number of
protons and neutrons
which of the following may be used in PET scans as biological tracers that can be followed through the body
radioisotopes
which of the following elements of a control system detects change
receptor
what are the three main components of a homeostatic control system
receptor, control center, effector
what is the major function of the lymphatic system
return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system
which regions of the abdominopelvic cavity houses the lower ribs
right and left hypochondriac regions
Andy sustained a baseball hit to his cranial cavity. Which bones were fractured?
skull
an atom with six protons, seven neutrons, and six electrons shares four pairs of electrons with four other atoms... it is now considered to be ....
stable
An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Its atomic mass number is
14
shell 1 of an atom can hold a maximum of _____ electrons
2
An atom with 13 electrons will have _____ electrons in the outer most valence shell.
3
the abdominopelvic cavity has ___ quadrants and ______ regions
4; 9
blood pH falls into a range between
7.35-7.45
which statement best describes why ATP is an important nucleic acid in the body
ATP provides a form of chemical energy all body cells can use
Identify the nucleic acid
DNA
what is the function of DNA
DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body
a nucleotide of DNA contain three components:
Deoxyribose; a phosphate group; nitrogen-containg base
the ____ system rids the body of indigestible food residue in feces while the ____ system removes nitrogen containing metabolic waste in urine
Digestive, urinary
Study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called
anatomy
which of the following solutions is the weakest acid
a solution with a pH of 6.4
which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary
adenine and thymine
the building blocks of proteins are
amino acids
a body part that is considered lateral is assumed to be
away from the midline of the body
enzymes are
biological catalysts
a chemist experiments on a molecule with the formula: C5H10(ten)O5, this compound is likely a
carbohydrate
a molecule of methane, CH4, is known specifically as a
compound
which of the following levels of organization is inclusive of all others
organ system
the most common element in the human body is
oxygen
in reference to the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions, which of the following statements are true
patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region
glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called
polysaccharides
milk production during breastfeeding is increased by the suckling of a newborn from his mothers nipple. this type of feedback mechanism bets desbrices
positive feedback
during a synthesis reaction, amino acids join to form
proteins
organic compounds that function in building tissues and acting as enzymes are
proteins
the atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ____ an atom contains
protons
an acid is a molecule that releases (donates)
protons (hydrogen ions)