Midterm - Argast pt 2

In addition to the traditional hospital setting for health care, it is quite common to offer medical imaging services in a wide variety of medical settings. These sites could include 1. outpatient clinics. 2. freestanding imaging centers. 3. shoe stores in which pedal fluoroscopic imaging is available. 4. regional airports in which portable CT scanning is available for security screening. 5. physician offices and clinics. 6. urgent care centers. a. 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 only b. 1, 2, 5, and 6 only c. 2, 5, and 6 only d. 4, 5, and 6 only

B. 1, 2, 5, and 6 only

All of the following are true of the Mammography Quality Standards Act (MQSA) EXCEPT a. its intent is to ensure high-quality mammography imaging nationwide. b. accreditation of mammography services through the ASRT is integral to MQSA compliance. c. it was established by the federal government in 1992 and has been in place since that time. d. MQSA noncompliance will prevent Medicare reimbursement for mammography examinations.

B. Accreditation of mammography services through the ASRT is integral to MQSA compliance

The federal agency that regulates the use of ionizing radiation including medical and nuclear applications is the a. Joint Commission (TJC). b. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). c. Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA). d. Radiation Safety Committee.

B. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

All of the following are related EXCEPT a. performance improvement (PI). b. quality control inspections (QCI). c. continuous quality improvement (CQI). d. total quality management (TQM).

B. Quality Control Inspections (QCI)

In large hospitals the person responsible for the operations of radiologic services is typically the administrative director of radiology. This individual must have strong managerial and other skills, including 1. leadership skills. 2. finance and budgeting skills. 3. medical image interpretation skills. 4. strategic planning skills. 5. nursing skills, including pharmacology. 6. customer service skills. 7. communications and public relations skills. a. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 only b. 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 only c. 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 only d. 3, 5, and 6 only

C. 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 only

To perform effectively and compassionately as a radiologic sciences professional, it is important to understand the areas of human cultural diversity. These may include 1. social organizations. 2. phobias. 3. symbolism. 4. space. 5. time. 6. communication. a. 1, 3, 4, and 6 only. b. 1, 2, 3, and 5 only. c. 1, 4, 5, and 6 only. d. 2, 3, and 6 only.

C. 1, 4, 5, and 6 only

At a recent radiology department meeting, the director discussed an incident that occurred a few days earlier involving a patient within medical imaging. In his description, the director revealed that this patient had an incorrect ultrasound examination performed. Investigation into the situation showed that a receptionist told the patient to wait in the wrong holding area before the examination. The ultrasonographer assumed that the patient was in the correct location and performed the wrong examination. To prevent this type of event from occurring in the future, what type of analysis needs to be undertaken by the department? a. Task Analysis Inventory b. PACS assessment c. CQI analysis d. Joint Commission Self-Study

C. CQI analysis

1. Another term for human diversity is a. independence. b. social autonomy. c. cultural diversity. d. existentialism.

C. Cultural diversity

Modern medical imaging departments no longer use x-ray film for medical images. The transformation from a film-based environment to a digital medium has had a very profound impact on medicine's standard of care. Among its many virtues, digital medical imaging has permitted the networking and computer storage of thousands of images. The transmission, display, and storage of these images are accomplished through what type of technology? a. HIPAA b. MQSA c. PACS d. NRC

C. PACS

All of the following choices would describe a typical radiologist group in a contemporary hospital EXCEPT a. they may provide their services as contracted physicians. b. they may be employed by the hospital and may be direct employees. c. the hospital will conduct their business operations and management, including recruitment. d. group members may or may not be full partners.

C. The hospital will conduct their business operations and management, including recruitment

An ethnic group that would place a cultural core value on the sacredness of the earth and its waters, clean air, wildlife, and foliage would most likely be a. Native American. b. Latino. c. Mexican American. d. European American.

a. Native American.

The health care industry is a significant part of the U.S. economy. Hospitals, clinics, imaging centers, rehabilitation centers, and other institutions all make up a sizeable network of this country's health care delivery system. The complexities of a hospital and all of its departments, professions, infrastructure and design can be likened to a. communities within a community. b. isolated enterprises that operate with complete independence. c. simple businesses with a single product or service to offer its customers. d. a family-run business with only a few employees.

a. communities within a community.

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 provides for all of the following conditions EXCEPT a. employees must speak English and understand the nature of disability. b. legal protection against discrimination because of physical or mental disability. c. institutions must make reasonable accommodations for all individuals. d. guarantees basic human rights to persons with a disability.

a. employees must speak English and understand the nature of disability.

As you are enjoying a light breakfast in a local coffee shop, a small group sits down at an adjacent table. As they talk, you overhear them making derogatory statements about people who are obese. Comments such as, "I can't believe people can eat so much!" and "How can they let themselves get that way?" are typical of the conversation. One group member openly states, "Why can't they be like us, fit and trim?" This group is demonstrating a. ethnocentrism. b. assimilation. c. biculturalism. d. racism.

a. ethnocentrism.

It is illegal to deny an individual the opportunity to advance professionally through employment because of a. gender. b. technical skills. c. daycare needs. d. personal hygiene.

a. gender.

All professional decisions in radiologic technology and other health care practices involve a consideration of a. human values. b. local laws. c. union contract restrictions. d. religious doctrine.

a. human values.

When undertaking an ethical analysis, a. identification of human values pertinent to the analysis must be considered. b. your professional society membership card should be presented. c. your ARRT certification needs to be included in the analysis. d. seniority with your employer should be considered.

a. identification of human values pertinent to the analysis must be considered.

A formal document that outlines the departmental structure of a hospital by showing lines of authority, reporting structures, and the interrelationships of departments is a(n): a. organizational chart. b. PACS network diagram. c. flowchart. d. decision matrix.

a. organizational chart.

All of the following are related EXCEPT a. selecting the best solution and defending it. b. looking for a similar situation as a precedent. c. defining the real problem. d. working out alternative solutions.

a. selecting the best solution and defending it.

A native-born Latino individual who has moved to the United States and successfully blended into local community activities, such as work, church, school, and volunteering, without losing his native culture demonstrates a. identity. b. biculturalism. c. assimilation. d. ethnocentrism.

b. biculturalism.

A typical organizational structure of a hospital will have the hospital's chief executive officer (CEO) or president reporting to the a. chief financial officer (CFO). b. board of directors. c. city council. d. medical staff chief.

b. board of directors.

You are placed in an unfortunate situation with a patient that requires you to tell a small "white lie" regarding the late arrival of the radiologist. The patient is noticeably upset about the procedure having to be done at all and is quite anxious. You are aware that the radiologist and the patient's surgeon are meeting in his office to discuss the best approach to deal with this patient's cancer. You feel certain that telling the patient the truth as to why the radiologist is late would increase her anxiety. This technologist is practicing a. unethical and immoral radiography. b. consequentialism. c. nonconsequentialism. d. in a negligent manner.

b. consequentialism.

A social organization that seeks to understand and accept peoples from diverse backgrounds through policies and procedures, communication media, activities, and so on in an effort to achieve a positive cross-cultural environment is seeking to achieve a. socialism. b. cultural competency. c. social autonomy. d. segregation.

b. cultural competency.

A technologist who has completed a procedure on a patient leaves the area grumbling, "I hate to do AIDS patients because I am afraid of catching the disease." A member of the housekeeping staff hears the technologist and asks who the AIDS patient is so he can pass the information along to his coworkers for safety reasons. The technologist responds by giving the patient's name and room number. This act constitutes a(n) a. ethical dilemma. b. ethics violation. c. moral violation. d. virtue.

b. ethics violation.

In providing radiology care to a patient, you observe a colleague accidentally exposing the wrong body part. It appears that he is unaware of the mistake. This action would be considered a(n) a. insignificant patient care event. b. medical error. c. true accident and not worthy of documentation. d. medical event that would be billed as a separate procedure.

b. medical error.

To protect the human rights of people with disabilities, four essential core values of human rights were recognized by the 1993 Vienna Declaration for Human Rights. These core values are a. freedom of speech, assembly, vote, and travel. b. solidarity, dignity, autonomy, and equality. c. religion, expression, employment, and education. d. integrity, justice, due process, and appeal.

b. solidarity, dignity, autonomy, and equality.

Valuable traits of the U.S. mainstream culture include which of the following? 1. Strong work ethic 2. Efficiency 3. Travel and mobility 4. Tolerance and patience 5. Individualism 6. Capitalism 7. Competition a. 1, 2, 4, and 6 only b. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 7 only c. 1, 2, 5, and 7 only d. 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 only

c. 1, 2, 5, and 7 only

A person's hair color and texture as well as his or her skin condition would be an example of what area of human diversity? a. Social organizations b. Communication c. Biologic variations d. Environmental control

c. Biologic variations

Which of the following would be considered an unethical practice for a radiologic technologist? a. Repeating a radiograph because of incorrect technique selection b. Watching an interesting case c. Criticizing a doctor or team member in a private or public forum d. Reporting unethical practices of a coworker

c. Criticizing a doctor or team member in a private or public forum

Which of the following would not reflect a human diversity characteristic? a. Disability b. Gender c. Occupation d. Race

c. Occupation

The commitment to cultural diversity is an integral part of the medical imaging profession as evidenced by official position statements from the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT). In a continuing effort to broaden the profession's human diversity, a well-known student scholarship is available, known as the _____ Scholarship. a. Ed Jerman Merit b. GE Minority Merit c. Royce Osborne Minority Student d. Clarence Dally Diversity

c. Royce Osborne Minority Student

According to the 2010 U.S. Census, more than 40% of the population was 60 years old and older. This age class of citizens represents a very large population that will have a significant impact on the country with regard to economics, politics, health care, employment, and so on. This group is collectively referred to as _____, and the country will undoubtedly change in many ways to accommodate these valued members of society. a. Generation X citizens b. Generation Y citizens c. baby boomers d. postwar citizens

c. baby boomers

You are working as a radiographer in a small community hospital. As you get on the elevator to ride up to the cafeteria for your morning break, you are joined by a group of people who are quite vocal about the skin tone and dialect of the doctor that is taking care of one of their family members. This group inherently demonstrates a group a. consortium. b. consensus. c. bias. d. assimilation.

c. bias.

The best way to characterize an ethical dilemma is to describe it as the a. correct choice is absolutely identified. b. incorrect choice is absolutely identified. c. correct choice is not entirely clear and has both positive and negative consequences. d. moral thing to do based on your religious values.

c. correct choice is not entirely clear and has both positive and negative

The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) reserves the right to revoke any certification from an individual whom it has registered. Reasons for revocation can vary from ethical violations to failure to maintain continuing education credits, just to mention two. This process of sanctioning demonstrates professional _____ to society. a. morals b. self-regulation c. ethics d. collective bargaining

c. ethics

The irrational fear of a homosexual person's sexual orientation is referred to as a. heterosexuality. b. unisexuality. c. homophobia. d. homogeneosity.

c. homophobia

A document that guides a hospital as to its purpose and role in the community it serves is called a a. constitution. b. set of bylaws. c. mission statement. d. master plan.

c. mission statement.

Being rude and impolite to a patient's family members because they are asking how long an examination will take is an example of a(n) a. ethics violation. b. violation of the institution's standards of care. c. professional etiquette violation. d. ethical dilemma.

c. professional etiquette violation.

It is safe to conclude that in the years ahead, the U.S. population will a. become less ethnically diverse. b. demonstrate a younger average age. c. require a more diverse health care labor force. d. become more of a single linguistic society.

c. require a more diverse health care labor force.

The term veracity refers to a. preventing evil and harm. b. doing no harm but also doing good. c. telling the truth. d. protecting the patient from radiation.

c. telling the truth.

You are enjoying an evening with a friend at the theater. The person seated behind you routinely texts messages to his girlfriend about the movie and what is happening. This behavior would be a a. violation of local laws and ordinances. b. professional ethical violation. c. violation of socially accepted values. d. moral violation.

c. violation of socially accepted values.

Medical imaging professionals must be aware that their actions, comments, and appearance contribute to the image of their employer and of the profession. Positive interactions with patients and their family members establish goodwill on behalf of the organization. Which of the following is the best single choice that illustrates desirable goodwill efforts enhancing public image? a. Greeting patients in a monotone voice with minimal eye contact to appear professional b. Proudly displaying your religious tattoos to express your spirituality c. Wearing attire that is consistent with the dress code and presenting an upbeat attitude d. Referencing your textbook during a medical procedure to avoid mistakes

C. wearing attire that is consistent witht the dress code and presenting an upbeat attitude

Examples of internal committees within a hospital enterprise include the 1. Radiation Safety Committee. 2. Joint Commission (TJC). 3. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 4. Infection Control Committee. 5. P&T Committee. a. 1, 3, and 5 only b. 1, 3, and 4 only c. 2 and 4 only d. 1, 4, and 5 only

D. 1, 4, and 5 only

It is not uncommon for a technologist to be disciplined for a. ignoring a patient's request for information. b. equipment abuse and damage. c. gossiping and secretive employee behaviors. d. all of the above.

D. All of the above

To a medical imaging department, the customer could be described as a. a referring physician or patient. b. more educated and informed about imaging procedures. c. having options for medical care and being able to afford being selective. d. all of the above.

D. All of the above

Employers are looking for two principle traits in all radiologic science professionals. These traits are a. promptness and proper attire. b. initiative and drive. c. communication skills and the ability to speak a second language. d. technical competency and teamwork skills.

D. Technical competency and teamwork skills

After a stressful CT scan on a patient, you are confronted by the patient's family regarding the results of the examination. The patient was in a motor vehicle accident and has a severe head injury. The images you took are being sent to a "Nighthawk" reading service and will not be available for several minutes. The family insists they have a "right" to know the results immediately so they can make a decision about organ donation. How would you rationalize this situation to yourself as an imaging professional? a. Your duty as a professional is to complete the CT examination quickly and with high quality, not to interpret the images, and to do no harm to the patient. b. You tell the family what you saw on the images as an act of beneficence. c. You tell the emergency department nurse about the images as an act of nonmaleficence. d. You call the organ donor program director to tell him of the patient's condition as an act of veracity.

a. Your duty as a professional is to complete the CT examination quickly and with high quality, not to interpret the images, and to do no harm to the patient.

A patient arrives for a mammogram and registers with reception. Then she goes to the dressing room as instructed and puts on the gown that was given to her. As you bring her into the mammography room, she answers a few routine questions and listens intently as you explain the procedure to her. It is safe to assume as the mammographer that a. a social contract has been established between the patient and the mammographer. b. you can proceed with the examination. c. the patient can expect a mammographic study that is MQSA compliant. d. all of the above are correct.

a. a social contract has been established between the patient and the mammographer.

When you were a student radiographer, the importance of radiation protection was constantly stressed, and you have incorporated the principle of ALARA as a professional value. As an employee working within a busy imaging department, you work with some technologists who do not practice radiation protection as you have been taught. One technologist in particular routinely overexposes patients to get a "perfect image for the radiologist." This poor technologist practice would be an example of a. an ethical violation. b. a hospital rule violation. c. poor morals. d. a violation of personal values.

a. an ethical violation.

Which of the following would make up the professional ethics of the profession of radiologic sciences? 1. State licensing board for x-ray machine operators 2. Radiography department social events 3. ARRT Code of Ethics 4. State motor vehicle rules and regulations 5. Collective bargaining rules of behavior a. 1 and 3 only b. 3 and 5 only c. 1, 2, 4, and 5 only d. 1 and 5 only

b. 3 and 5 only

Which of the following choices could be classified as an ethical outrage? a. Repeating a radiograph because the patient moved during the exposure b. A technologist refusing to complete a procedure because his shift is over c. Unintentionally neglecting to tell the radiologist that a patient has allergies d. A technologist consistently forgetting to wear his or her personnel monitoring device

b. A technologist refusing to complete a procedure because his shift is over

A common technology used in medical imaging is digital radiology. This permits the display of a patient's medical images and information on video display monitors for review and assessment. It is important to remember that keeping this information on a monitor screen for visitors or unqualified personnel to view, represents a(n) a. extraordinary customer service event. b. HIPPA violation. c. OSHA compliance event. d. NRC violation.

b. HIPPA violation.

Which of the following best defines fidelity? a. Meeting the basic needs of the patient b. Being a competent professional c. Abiding by the ASRT Code of Ethics d. All of the above

d. All of the above

All of the following are considered cultures EXCEPT a. Hmong. b. Native American. c. Slovakian. d. Floridian.

d. Floridian.

In the process of preparing a Hmong patient for an interventional procedure, you discover the patient speaks no English. She has no family members with her and was escorted down by hospital transport. A necessary part of the examination is for the patient to complete an informed consent document. An effective strategy you could use to accomplish this would be a. speaking slowly and deliberately in English and showing the patient where to sign the document. b. trying to act out the intent of the document through demonstration and modeling. c. asking a coworker to witness your explanation of the document and the patient's signature. d. delaying the procedure until a hospital translator can be present during the explanation.

d. delaying the procedure until a hospital translator can be present during the explanation.

Using moral rules as your complete guide to determine appropriate professional behavior a. is a reliable strategy to avoid ethical dilemmas. b. assumes everyone has the same moral values as you do, which is generally true. c. is too restrictive and of no value in decision making. d. has its weaknesses because others may not have the same moral value system as you.

d. has its weaknesses because others may not have the same moral value system as you.

All of the physicians practicing medicine within a hospital comprise the hospital's a. board of trustees. b. continuous quality improvement (CQI) group. c. regulatory council. d. medical staff.

d. medical staff.

You are the director of a busy medical imaging department. One of your technologists has been accused of looking up the personal medical records and radiography reports of his brother's girlfriend. The girlfriend visited the hospital as a patient for an ultrasound examination of the pelvis to rule out pregnancy. Disciplinary action for this technologist would be appropriate because of a violation of a. local statutes and ordinances. b. state laws. c. federal constitutional laws. d. professional ethics.

d. professional ethics.

For a medical imaging department manager, reasonable efforts to improve human diversity in the department would include all of the following EXCEPT a. multilingual signage throughout the department. b. requiring staff to attend diversity in-services. c. participating in an effective resource pool of interpreters. d. requiring all department employees to speak a second language.

d. requiring all department employees to speak a second language.

Failure to pay one's federal income taxes would be an example of a(n) a. ethical violation. b. moral violation. c. professional conduct violation. d. violation of federal law.

d. violation of federal law.