Midterm Review minus the third set
Business rules must be rendered in writing. (T/F)
True
The only way to access the data in a database is through the DBMS. (T/F)
True
Within the database environment, a data model represents data structures with the purpose of supporting a specific problem domain. (T/F)
True
A(n) _____ is a restriction placed on the data.
constraint
The database structure in a DBMS is stored as a _____.
Collection of files
_____ exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places.
Data inconsistency
_____ is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions.
Data integrity
Which of the following refers to the situation where different versions of the same data are stored at different places because they weren't updated consistently?
Data redundancy
A disadvantage of the relational database management system (RDBMS) is its inability to hide the complexities of the relational model from the user. (T/F)
False
An implementation-ready data model needn't necessarily contain enforceable rules to guarantee the integrity of the data. (T/F)
False
Business rules apply to businesses and government groups, but not to other types of organizations such as religious groups or research laboratories. (T/F)
False
Data and information are essentially the same thing. (T/F)
False
Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning. (T/F)
False
Database designers determine the data and information that yield the required understanding of the entire business. (T/F)
False
Even when a good database blueprint is available, an applications programmer's view of the data should match that of the manager and the end user. (T/F)
False
Field refers to a collection of related records. (T/F)
False
In an SQL-based relational database, each table is dependent on every other table. (T/F)
False
Structural dependence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data. (T/F)
False
The DBMS reveals much of the database's internal complexity to the application programs and users. (T/F)
False
When data are entered into a form and saved, they are placed in the underlying database as knowledge. (T/F)
False
Accurate, relevant, and timely information is the key to ____.
Good decision making
_____ is the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning.
Information
_____ is the result of revealing the meaning of raw facts.
Information
_____ is the body of information and facts about a specific subject.
Knowledge
_____ is data about data through which the end-user data are integrated and managed.
Metadata
_____ provide a description of the data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the data found within the database.
Metadata
The response of the DBMS to a query is the ___________
Query result set
End-user data is _____.
Raw facts of interest to the end user.
Which of the following is true of business rules?
They can serve as a communication tool between the users and designers.
A data model is usually graphical. (T/F)
True
An implementation-ready data model should contain a description of the data structure that will store the end-user data. (T/F)
True
Each row in the relational table is known as an entity instance or entity occurrence in the ER model. (T/F)
True
In the context of data models, an entity is a person, place, thing, or event about which data will be collected and stored. (T/F)
True
M:N relationships are not appropriate in a relational model. (T/F)
True
Metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database. (T/F)
True
A(n) _____ is a spur-of-the-moment question.
ad hoc query
A(n) _____ is the equivalent of a field in a file system.
attribute
Each column in a relation represents a(n) _____.
attribute
A(n) _____ is a brief, precise, and unambiguous description of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific organization.
business rule
_____ are important because they help to ensure data integrity.
constraints
_____ are normally expressed in the form of rules.
constraints
A(n) _____ is a relatively simple representation of more complex real-world data structures.
data model
A noun in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.
entity
A(n) _____ is anything about which data are to be collected and stored.
entity
A(n) _____ represents a particular type of object in the real world.
entity
Each row in the relational table is known as a(n) _____.
entity instance
The _____ model is the end users' view of the data environment.
external
A _____ is a collection of related records.
file
The _____ is the representation of a database as "seen" by the DBMS.
internal model
A(n) _____'s main function is to help one understand the complexities of the real-world environment.
model
A(n) _____ is a specific request issued to the DBMS for data manipulation.
query
A _____ is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing.
record
A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.
relationship
A(n) _____ is bidirectional.
relationship
A(n) _____ is the conceptual organization of an entire database as viewed by a database administrator.
schema
Most data that can be encountered are best classified as _____.
semistructured
Each row in a relation is called a(n) _____.
tuple
