Mink Muscles

rectus femoris

-Origin *anterior inferior iliac spine* and the exterior surface of the bony ridge which forms the groove on the iliac portion of the acetabulum -Insertion inserts into the patellar tendon as one of the four quadriceps muscles -Actions knee extension; hip flexion

extensor carpi ulnaris

-Origin Common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle), ulna -Insertion 5th metacarpal -*Actions* extends and adducts the wrist

gluteus maximus

-Origin Gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament -Insertion Gluteal tuberosity of the femur and iliotibial tract -*Actions*=External rotation and extension of the hip joint

Semitendinosus

-Origin Tuberosity of the ischium -Insertion *Pes anserinus* (tibia) -*Actions* Flexion of knee, extension of the hip joint

flexor carpi radialis

-Origin medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) -Insertion Bases of second and third metacarpal bones -*Actions* Flexion and abduction at wrist

abductor pollicis longus

Origin ulna, radius, Interosseous membrane Insertion 1st metacarpal Actions abduction, extension of thumb

peroneus tertius

Origin: Anterior distal fibula Insertion: Base of 5th metatarsal Action: Talocrural dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion

peroneus longus

Origin: Head and lateral surface of fibula Insertion: First metatarsal and medial cuneiform Action: Eversion of the foot

hyoglossus

Origin: Hyoid bone Insertion: Tongue Action: Depresses tongue

tensor fascia lata

Origin: Ilium Insertion: Fascia lata of thigh Action: Abducts thigh

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of third metacarpal bone Action: Extension and abduction at wrist

flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: 5th metacarpal Action: Flexes the hand

tibialis cranialis

Origin: Proximal ends of the tibia and the fibula Insertion: 1st metatarsal Action: Flexes foot

adductor longus

Origin: Pubis Insertion: Femur Action: Adducts thigh

external abdominal oblique

Origin: Ribs 5-12 Insertion: Linea alba, iliac crest, pubis Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk

styloglossus

Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone Insertion: Bottom and lateral aspects of tongue Action: Retracts tongue

Dorsoepitrochlearis

Origin: Surface of latissimus dorsi Insertion: Olecranon process of Ulna Action: Extends forearm

thyrohyoid

Origin: Thyroid cartilage of larynx Insertion: Hyoid bone Action: Depresses hyoid bone; elevates larynx

Transversospinalis

Origin: Transverse process of thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Transverse process of thoracic vertebrae (farther cranially) Action: Extends vertebral column

acromiodeltoid

Origin: acromion process Insertion: spinodeltoid Action: flexes and rotates humerus

caudofemoralis

Origin: caudal vertebrae Insertion: patella Action: abducts thigh, extends shank

clavodeltoid

Origin: clavicle Insertion: ulna Action: flexes forearm

Gastrocnemius

Origin: femur Insertion: calcaneus Action: plantar flexion

tibialis caudalis

Origin: fibula and tibia Insertion: metatarsals Action: extends ankle/hindfoot

sternohyoid

Origin: first costal rib Insertion: body of hyoid Action: pulls hyoid posterior

brachioradialis

Origin: humerus Insertion: radius Action: supinates paw

brachialis

Origin: humerus Insertion: ulna Action: flexes forearm

biceps femoris

Origin: ischial tuberosity and linea aspera of femur Insertion: head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Action: flexion at knee; extension and lateral rotation at hip

digastric

Origin: jugular and mastoid processes Insertion: mandible Action: lowers mandible

clavotrapezius

Origin: lambdoidal ridge Insertion: Clavicle Action: pulls clavicle dorsal and anterior

serratus dorsalis

Origin: last four ribs Insertion: spines of lumbar vertebrae Action: pulls rib anterior

extensor digitorum longus

Origin: lateral epicondyle of femur Insertion: phalanges Action: extends digits

geniohyoid

Origin: mandible Insertion: body of hyoid Action: pulls hyoid anterior

mylohyoid

Origin: mandible Insertion: median raphe Action: raises floor of mouth

sternomastoid

Origin: manubrium Insertion: lambdoidal ridge and mastoid process Action: turns and lowers head

cleidomastoid

Origin: mastoid process Insertion: clavicle Action: turns and lowers head

genioglossus

Origin: medial surface of mandible around chin Insertion: body of tongue, hyoid bone Action: depresses and protracts tongue

iliocostalis

Origin: muscle bundles from lower thoracic ribs Insertion: three ribs craniad to the origin of each bundle Action: draws ribs together

adductor femoris

Origin: pubis Insertion: femur Action: adducts and extends thigh

Longissimus dorsi

Origin: sacral and caudal vertebrae Insertion: thoraco-cervical vertebrae Action: extends vertebral column

biceps brachii

Origin: scapula Insertion: radius Action: flexes forearm

Tenuissimus

Origin: second caudal vertebrae Insertion: patella and tibia Action: abducts thigh

rhomboideus capitus

Origin: skull Insertion: scapula Action: draws scapula cranially

spinodeltoid

Origin: spine of the scapula Insertion: deltoid ridge of the humerus Action: flexes and rotates humerus

acromiotrapezius

Origin: spines of cervical vertebrae Insertion: spine of scapula Action: pulls scapula dorsally

extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin: supracondylar ridge of the humerus Insertion: 2nd metacarpal Action: extends the hand

flexor digitorum longus

Origin: tibia and fibula Insertion: digits Action: flexes digits

gluteus medius

Origin: upper lateral surface of ilium Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Action: abducts and medially rotates thigh

masseter

Origin: zygomatic arch Insertion: mandible Action: elevates mandible

extensor digitorum lateralis

Region: Forearm Origin: Humerus Insertion: Leateral Metacarpals Action: Extends Lateral Digits

sartorius

origin: anterior superior iliac spine insertion: medial surface of tibia action: extends hindlimb

levator scapula ventralis

origin: atlas insertion: scapula action: pulls scapula forward

atlantoscapularis

origin: atlas insertion: scapula action: pull scapula cranially

cricothyoid

origin: cricoid cartilage insertion: thyroid cartilage action: vocal cord tension

vastus lateralis

origin: femur insertion: tibia action: extends knee

peronius brevis

origin: fibula insertion: 5th metatarsal action: plantar flexion, eversion

extensor digitorum communis

origin: humerus insertion: phalanges action: extends fingers and wrist

triceps lateral head

origin: humerus insertion: ulna action: extend elbow

triceps medial head

origin: humerus insertion: ulna action: extend elbow

semimembranosus

origin: ischial tuberosity insertion: medial condyle of tibia action: extends thigh

latissimus dorsi

origin: lower spine and iliac crest insertion: proximal humerus action: extends and adducts humerus

pronator teres

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus insertion: radius action: pronates forearm

flexor digitorum superficialis

origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus insertion: digits 2-5 action: flexes digits 2-5

gracilis

origin: pubis insertion: tibia action: adducts thigh

pectoralis minor

origin: ribs 3-5 insertion: coracoid process of scapula action: adducts forelimb

triceps long head

origin: scapula insertion: ulna action: extend elbow

spinotrapezius

origin: spines of thoracic vertebrae insertion: spine of scapula action: pulls scapula back and caudal

pectoralis major

origin: sternum insertion: humerus action: adducts forelimb

temporalis

origin: temporal fossa insertion: coronoid process of mandible action: closes jaw

rhomboid cervicis

origin: thoracic vertebrae insertion: vertebra border of scapula action: adducts scapula

rhomboid thoracis

origin: thoracic vertebrae insertion: vertebra border of scapula action: adducts scapula

flexor digitorum profundis

origin: ulna insertion: phalanges action: flexes distal joints of fingers

flexor digitorum profundus

origin: ulna insertion: phalanges action: flexes distal joints of fingers