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A CPU is sometimes called the "brain" of the computer. True The term "byte" stands for binary digit. False A megabyte is 1024 G bytes. False When the computer is turned on, a portion of the operating system is loaded into RAM. True Volatile memory devices maintain their contents without the power of being on. False The CPU reads instructions and data from memory via data bus. True The most frequently used data is stored in cache memory. True Another name for a column is a record. False Metadata is data about data. True A DBMS is a collection of tables, relationships, and metadata. False A data model describes the data and relationships that will be stored in the database. True In E-R diagrams, attributes are represented with crow's feet. False Junction Table is defined as the result of a 1-1 relationship. False A LAN would be used to connect computers located in Seattle and Philadelphia. False An analog signal is a digital format. False A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a type of WAN. True A perimeter firewall sits outside the the company's network. True The ISO developed by TCP/IP layered protocol. False The TCP program breaks messages down into packets. True Email programs operate primarily at the transport layer. False OLAP cubes are the same thing as OLAP reports. True One drawback with OLAP reports is the inability to let users drill down into the data. False When a manager drills down into the data, she seperates it into more detailed reports. True Data mining applies statistical techniques to the discovery of patterns. True Which device listed below is an example of an output hardware device? keyboard, mouse, bar code scanner, microphone, PRINTER. One ______ is equivalent to 1024gb Terabyte. The _____________ of a CPU is measured in hertz. clock speed The operating system employs ____________ so that users can run multiple applications and files at the same time. Memory Swapping In a relational database, a collection of related records is a(n): table A database management system is a _____________ software program. In a relational database each entity is described by: data An example of a one-to-many type of relationship might be: an employee can be assigned more than one computer. ____ is used to indicate a many-to-many relationship. N:M Data in the CPU is processed in the form of: bits One example of popular DBMS is SQL server The computers on ________ are usually within a half mile of each other. a LAN Computers and printers on a LAN are connected to a(n) ________ to communicate and transmit messages on the LAN. switch. _______ is the dominant WLAN standard today. 802.11g ________ modems modulate in such a way that they do not interfere with TV signals, even though they used the same lines. Cable The purpose of a business intelligence system is to provide the right information to the right people at the right ________ time Tools for searching business data in an attempt to find patterns are called __________ tools. BI An RFM score of __________ probably means that this customer has taken their business elsewhere and is probably not worth spending too many marketing resources on. 555 (higher the numbers the worse. Decision trees are good at sorting through lots of data and making binary: classifications.

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A bill of materials identifies the steps needed to produce a product. False Under a make-to-order strategy, the production process is triggered by a customer order. True In the production process, a planned order is used to track the progress of the order. False The production order is created by the warehouse. False Procurement, fulfillment, and production are examples of intra-company processes. True Supply chain management (SCM) and customer relationship management (CRM) are examples of intra-company processes. False The integrated process essentially includes all the steps in the fulfillment, procurement, and production processes. True In the integrated process, the steps related to the production process are suspended when there are insufficient quantities of the needed finished product in stock. False What defines the steps or operations necessary to create the product? Product Routing When using an ES, which of the following is a key tool to review the current status of a specific order? Production order status ______________ involves taking a number of component materials, such as a board, nuts and bolts, and putting them together to produce the desired finished product, such as a skateboard. Assembling Examples of __________ are oil and gas. Process manufacturing Which department creates the goods receipt? Warehouse What is the sequence of activities in the Human Capital Management Process? Recruit employees, employee On-Boarding, Performance Management, Career Planning, Employee Off-Boarding Which of the following processes is associated with this sequence: Supply Network Forecasting, Demand Planning, Production Capacity Planning, Material Logistics, Production & Material Scheduling? Plan-To-Produce Process in SCM The integrated process is triggered by which previously discussed process? Fulfillment In the integrated process, under which of the following conditions will the fulfillment process steps be suspended until the production process steps are complete? When there are insufficient quantities of the finished product in inventory The _____ of a business process is the value of outputs minus costs. Margin Ordering goods is considered part of which activity under the value chain? Inbound logistics A goods receipt does not include which of the following data? Price/Cost What is the correct order for the Fulfillment Process? Receive Customer Inquiry, Receive Customer Purchase Order, Create Sales order, Prepare and Send Shipment, Create and Send Invoice, Receive Payment. In the procurement process, which department creates the Purchase Requisition? Warehouse The basic idea of Moore's law is that: the density of transistors on a computer chip doubles every 18 months. What is not a component of an information system? Culture What is the latest stage in the evolution of enterprise systems? Service oriented architecture What is not a part of the 3-tier architecture? Hardware Layer Which of the following process is triggered when someone in the company determines that a specific quanity of a certain material is needed? Procurement Process _______ Indicates the financial condition of a company at a specific point in time. Balance Sheet A drill down allows you to obtain more information is desired. True Determining the status of where you are in your process (Does a purchase order exist) is considered process level information. False Some of the data that is in a Purchase Order is contained in the sales order. True An invoice is an internal document. True A purchase order is an external document. True Inbound and outbound logistics are examples of support activities. False Professional hockey teams would be an example of a weak threat of new entrants. True According to Porter's model, four competitive forces determine industry profitability. False One purchase requisition can be converted to only one purchase order. False Sell-from-stock involves taking a standard or base model of a product and then configuring it to meet the customer's special needs by adding either special options or add-on parts. False When us an ES, much of the data needed to create a customer invoice is automatically obtained from data previously sotred in the system. True Under the term "FOB shipping point," the seller "owns" the material once its shipped. False A purchase order is a document that provides details about the materials contained in the shipment. False The fulfillment process often begins when a customer send an inquiry. True A packing list is associated with accounting in the procurement process. False. Dates, times, and locations are examples of organizational data in an ES. False Customer data is an example of master data in an ES. True In the client server architecture the data, applications and presentation are all included in one system. False Knowledge workers exist in all parts of an organization. True

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Create a Quotation Sales receives customer inquiry from customer and creates a document Create Sales Order Sales receives customer PO from and creates a document Prepare Shipment Warehouse receives delivery due list from sales and takes action Send Shipment When the packaged order is picked up by the shipper the warehouse takes action Create and send invoice As soon as order has been shipped by warehouse, accounting takes action Receive and process payment When a payment is sent by the customer, accounting takes action Distribution Channel Means by which a company delivers its goods and services to its customers. Must have at least one. Division/sales area Used to consolidate materials with similar characteristics. Must have at least one. Sales Area Unique combination of sales organization, distribution channel, and division. Sales Organization Distributes goods/services, Negotiates sales conditions, Product liability and rights of recourse. Must have at least one. Customer Inquiry A request for information about the availability and prices of the products specified in the inquiry. Quotation Spells out the availability and prices of the materials specified in the inquiry. Happens after the sales department receives the inquiry. Customer Purchase Order An agreement to purchase the stated material, for the stated price, under the stated terms. Created after quotation is received. Sales Order Standardizes data across all customer POs. Creates an internal record of the customers order that can be used to track progress. Created when company receives the customer PO. Picking Document The act of retrieving the needed material from the warehouse. Created when warehouse receives a sales order. Backorder Remainder of order is shipped at a later date because the initial quantity picked is less than the quantity ordered. Packing List Specifies the items and quantities shipped. Created when order is packed for shipment Customer Invoice Itemized list of the material sent or the services provided to the customer; along with the cost of the items plus discounts, taxes, shipping, and other charges. Customer Payment Electronically transffered funds made by customer to the company Delivery due list A list of sales orders that must be prepared for shipment today to meet the required delivery dates Instance Level Information Used to determine where in the process a customer order is. Process Level Information Details about the status and specifics of the process as a whole. True or False: A bill of materials identifies the steps needed to produce a material. False. True or False: Under a make-to-order strategy, the production process is triggered by a customer order. True. True or False: In the production process, a planned order is used to track the progress of the order. False. True or False: The production order is created by the warehouse. False. True or False: Procurement, fulfillment, and production are examples of intra-company processes. True. True or False: Supply chain management (SCM) and customer relationship management (CRM) are examples of intra-company procceses. False. True or False: The integrated process essentially includes all the steps in the fulfillment, procurement, and production processes. True. True or False: In the integrated process, the steps related to the production process are suspended when there are insufficient quantities of the needed finished product in stock. False. Which of the following defines the steps or operations necessary to create the product? Product routing. When using an ES, what is a key tool to review the current status of a specific order? Production order status. (Pro-specific) What kind of action involves taking a number of component materials, such as board, nuts and bolts and putting them together to produce the desired finished product, such as a skateboard? Assembling. (Assembling- putting together ONLY. Manufacturing is much more than that, though includes this.) What are a few examples of process manufacturing? Oil and gas. Which department creates the goods receipt? Warehouse. (Warehouses smell good.) What is the sequence of activities in the Human Capital Management Process? Herbert Cautiously Makes Pancakes Recruit Employees, Employee On-Boarding, Performance Management, Career Planning, Employee Off-Boarding. Realizes Every Pancake Could Explode What is a process associated with this sequence: Supply Network Forecasting, Demand Planning, Production Capacity Planning, Material Logistics, Production Material & Scheduling? Some Demand Pears Match People Plan-to-Produce Process in SCM Pears to People Proposals in Schizophrenic Cold Manipulation The integrated process is triggered by which previously discussed processed? Fulfillment. In the integrated process, under which of the following conditions will the fulfillment process steps are to be suspended until the production process steps are complete? When there are insufficient quantities of the finished product in inventory. What were some of the problems faced by Louisville Slugger prior to implementing an ERP System? Issues involving order entry, overstocking, under-stocking, and distribution, financial problem: 90-day-late accounts receivables. What is an ERP system designed to do? Which ERP package did Louisville Slugger choose to implement? Streamline data flow for quicker, more accurate information. Production would only manufacture what would be needed. SAP Legacy Systems was implemented. What are some of the benefits of an ERP system? Increased customer service, quicker deliveries, inventory accuracy How frequently is information updated in Louisville Slugger's ERP system? All information, except for shipping (5-minute increments), are added in real time. What were some of the specific benefits realized by Louisville Slugger as a result of implementing an ERP system? How long did it take before these benefits were realized? Customer service improvements. 95% customer satisfaction. 85% more efficient shipping. Sales cycle shortened. Fewer mistakes and losses. $100,000 in cost savings based on inventory receipts and labor. What are the components of an information system? Hardware - desktops, laptops, PDAs Software - operating systems, application programs Data - facts and figures entered into computers Procedures - how the other four components are used People - users, technologists, IS support (How Sodomy Damages Practical People) What are "Actors?" hardware and people take ACTions. What are "Instructions?" software and procedures provide instructions for actors What are "Bridges?" data bridges hardware/software and people/procedures How does one differentiate between low tech and high tech? Low tech - using an email program and its addresses because just a small amount of work is being accomplished by a computer system. High tech - implementing a customer support system- a large amount of work is being accomplished by the computer system rather than humans. Good information must be: Accurate - entering incorrect sales data creates false information. Timely - knowing that production doesn't have enough raw materials for next week's schedule won't be useful information three weeks from now. Relevant - if your boss needs to know how many shipments were late last month, you shouldn't give him a list of all items that shipped. Just barely sufficient - if your boss wants to know how to send an email, you shouldn't teach her how to build a computer. Worth its cost - is it cost worthy to map out the entire U.S. if you only need one state? A task really just won. Moore's Law: "The number of transistors per square inch on an integrated chip doubles every 18 months." Dramatic Reduction in Price/Performance Ratio: Ratio fallen dramatically for over 40 years and is estimated to continue to fall in accordance with Moore's Law. An organization's goals and objectives are determined by its competitive strategy. In turn, an organization's competitive strategy determines every information system's: Structures Features Functions Suckers fake fame. Porters 5 forces model asses an industry structure based on: How much bargaining power do customers have? How much of a threat do substitution products or services pose? How much bargaining power do suppliers have? How great is the threat of new competitors entering the marketplace? How great is the rivalry among existing firms? A company can choose one of four competitive strategies to help it respond to the structure of its industry: Be the cost leader across its industry - Wal-Mart is the lowest cost leader in the retail industry. Differentiate its products from others across its industry - Apple Computer competes on how much better its computers are than PCs. Be the cost leader in an industry segment - Southwest Airlines is the cost leader in certain portions of the airline industry. Differentiate its product in an industry segment - Apple's iPhone competes by being different than other cell phones. Value Chain A value chain is network of value-creating activities and is divided into primary activities and support activities. Included primary activities in the value chain: o Inbound logistics activities involve receiving and managing raw materials. o Operations activities transform raw materials into final products or create services. o Outbound logistic activities deliver finished products to customers. o Marketing and Sales activities create marketing strategies and sell products or services to customers. o Services activities provide after-sale customer support for products or services. Support Activities in the value chain indirectly enhance production of products and services: o Firm infrastructure includes general management, finance, accounting, legal, and government affairs (if necessary). o Human Resources recruits, compensates, evaluates and trains employees. o Technology Development includes research and development for new processes or techniques. o Procurement finds suppliers and vendors for raw materials, creates contracts, and negotiates prices of raw materials. Redesign: The most difficult part of process redesign is associated with employee resistance. True or False: Knowledge workers exist in all parts of an organization. True. True or False: In the client server architecture, the data, applications, and presentation are all included in one system. False. True or False: Customer data is an example of master data in ES. True. True or False: Dates, times, and locations are examples of organizational data in an ES. False. True or False: A packing list is associated with accounting in the procurement process. False. True or False: The fulfillment process often begins when a customer sends an inquiry. True. True or False: A purchase order is a document that provides details about the materials contained in the shipment. False. True or False: Under the term "FOB shipping point," the seller "owns" the material once it is shipped. False. True or False: When using an ES, much of the data needed to create a customer invoice is automatically obtained from data previously stored in the system. True. True or False: Sell-from-stock involves taking a standard or base model of a product and then configuring it to meet the customer's special needs by adding either special options of add-on parts. False. True or False: One purchase requisition can be converted to only one purchase order. False. True or False: According to Porter's model, four competitive forces determine industry profitability. False. True or False: Professional hockey teams would be an example of a weak threat of new entrants. True. True or False: Inbound and outbound logistics are examples of support activities. False. True or False: A Purchase Order is an external document. True. True or False: An invoice is an internal document. False. True or False: Some of the data that is in a Purchase Order is contained in the Sales Order. True. True or False: Determining the status of where you are in your process (Does a purchase order exist) is considered instant level information. False. True or False: A drill down allows you to obtain more information if desired. True. Balance Sheet indicates the financial condition of a company at a specific point in time. Procurement Process is triggered when someone in the company determines that a specific quantity of a certain material is needed. What is not part of the 3 tier architecture? Hardware layer. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) latest stage in the evolution of enterprise systems. Culture IS NOT A COMPONENT OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM. Accounting The department that creates the Purchase Requisition. What is an information system and what types of information systems are used in business? A single processor to filter information and monitor all processes. SAP, Oracle, Excel, Access, etc. What are the organizations and functions that make up both information systems and enterprise systems? Management Information Systems (prespecified reporting for managers)- management organization, auto-required information Decision Support Systems (interactive decision support)- systems use unstructured data, online, analytical processing, aggregated data to come to a decision, IE: new market? potential customers? expenses? potential income? new product? where to drill? which NBA players to put in game? Executive Information Systems (Information Tailored for Executives)- What is going to be my operating plan? Projections? Market? Product in 5 Years? More complicated models. More projective data. Aggregated data- data over a period time (collected) input can come from transaction level data. How to process? Simple models- addition, subtraction. Users- middle managers. budget? Cost analysis. Inputs (where data originates- information from high value transactions- sales, customer support), processing, outputs, users (professionals within organization- knowledge workers), contract analysis. Processing is a bit more interactive. They can querie. What have costs been with employees in organization over a period of time? Where are sales within 6 months-1 year? Which customers have been lost over a period of time? Best customers? What are the disadvantages of an information system typically? 5 years to reap benefits, very extensive and time-consuming training. What is a process? -any part of the organization that takes input and transforms them into outputs -converts inputs to ouputs -A process consists of multiple sequential steps or activities that produce some outcome or output. What are the disadvantages of manual processes? ... What are the advantages of integrated processes? ... What is the fulfillment, procurement, and production processes both manual and integrated? ... Physical Flow activities, data and documents What are the the positions and duties of knowledge workers? Knowledge workers are Sales executive, production managers, product manager, financial analyst. Must know how to create, acquire, process, synthesize, disseminate, analyze and use information. Non-routine, non-repetitive Who are knowledge workers? Sales executive, production managers, product manager, financial analyst What is knowledge work, etc? Knowledge work is non-routine, non repetitive Understand data and impact of work on others and impact of others' work; big picture Key skills Strategic thinking: big picture, process view Information literacy: find and use needed information Communication and collaboration: project teams What are task workers and their objectives? Task workers: routine, structured tasks Customer service representatives, accounting clerks, insurance claims processor Very narrowly focused What is the "Pro{K}urement Process?" (Puking Process) }Create Purchase Requisition} {Create and Sent Purchase Order (PO)} }Receive Goods} }Receive Invoice From Supplier} }Send Payment to Supplier} (Cookies Packed Rage in Claire's Simple Plan Overview to Remain Good, and Ruined Intestines From Stupidity. She Puked Strongly.) What is the "Fulfillment Process?" }Receive Customer Order}Prepare Shipment}Send Shipment}Send Invoices to Consumer

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Customer Inquiry Customer information, quantity and item and material #, signature of individual who sent inquiry Quotation Addressed to person sending inquiry, validity period, pricing per unit, order total, name of person preparing document, quotation # Customer Purchase Order PO #, quantities/prices that match company quotation, terms of delivery and payment and shipment type, authorization signature Sales Order Billing/shipping, PO # and order and delivery dates and terms, materials ordered, prices, signatures for: received by, packed by, shipped by, invoiced by, payment received by Picking Document Names/addresses of customer, Order # and dates and terms of delivery, material to be picked, quantities, storage location, exact quantities needed, storage location, picked by signature Packing List Company name/address, data about the order, packing/shipping info, customer billing/shipping address, details about shipment material Customer Invoice Customer address, basic order info, details about material/price totals Customer Payment No document Fulfillment Process Steps Customer Inquiry, Quotation, Customer PO, Sales Order, Picking Document, Packing List, Customer Invoice, Customer Payment What are the three minimum pieces of information required to create a quotation? 1. Valid to date 2. Material 3. Sold to party What four pieces of information are needed to convert a quotation to sales order? 1. Customer purchase order date 2. Quotation Number 3. Material 4. Customer Purchase Order Number What is the key piece of data needed to begin the pick and pack step of the fulfillment process? Sales Order Number What information is required to record a goods receipt? 1. Quantity 2. Storage Location What is the purpose of entering the pick quantity for each material on the order? Verification that the quantity of materials in the shipment match the quantity on the order. What are the three types of data needed to create an invoice? 1. Addresses 2. Material 3. prices What are the three types of data needed to post an incoming payment? 1. Bank account 2. Customer account 3. invoice amount One consequence of globalization is increased competition. True Due to globalization, organizations often locate parts of their operations in different countries. True Due to globalization, organizations tend to locate their operations in one country. False The information revolution refers to the increased use of communication and computer technologies to create, deliver, and use information. True The information revolution has a very limited role in globalization. False Information and communication technologies help organizations coordinate their global operations. True People in organizations are becoming more dependent on information. True Knowledge workers are those who work in information systems departments of global companies. False Knowledge workers exist in all parts of an organization. True The packing list is part of the invoice receipt step in the Purchasing Process. False The packing list is part of the receive goods step in the Purchasing Process. True A three-way match is necessary before payment is made. True A packing list is associated with the warehouse in the procurement process. True A packing list is associated with accounting in the procurement process. False An invoice is associated with accounting in the procurement process. True An invoice is associated with purchasing in the procurement process. False A purchase order is associated with purchasing in the procurement process. True A purchase order is associated with sales in the procurement process. False A sequence of tasks or activities that takes a set of inputs and converts them into desired outputs is called: a business process indicates the financial condition of a company at a specific point in time. Balance Sheet indicate(s) the financial condition of a company over a specific period of time. Income Statement can also be referred to as a profit and loss (P&L) statement. Income Statement Which of the following processes is triggered when someone in the company determines that a specific quantity of a certain material is needed? Procurement Process Which of the following processes involves making products in-house? Production Process According to "Essentials of Business" by Magal, why did Apple Inc. decide to have its products made by an outside contract manufacturer? So it could stick to its core competency of designing easy-to-use and engaging hardware and software products. Why do we study the global competitive environment? Because doing business globally can provide access to cheaper resources which reduce costs and increase the number of potential customers which increases sales. Which activity would likely be performed by a knowledge worker? Deciding whether to outsource manufacturing. In the procurement process, which department creates the Purchase Order? Purchasing In the procurement process, which department receives the Purchase Requisition? Purchasing In the procurement process, which department creates the Purchase Requisition? Warehouse In the procurement process, which department creates the Packing List and Goods Receipt Document? Warehouse In the procurement process, which department receives the invoice and sends the payment? Accounting Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the Procurement Process? Create Requisition, Create & Send PO, Receive Shipment, Receive Invoice, Send Payment Which of the following documents informs about the contents in a shipment? Packing List Which of the following payment terms means that payment is due in 30 days, but the payer will get a 3% discount if payment is made within 10 days? 3%10/Net 30 A packing list does not include which of the following data? price/cost What are the three minimum pieces of information required to create a purchase requisition? Material, Quantity, Delivery Date What information is needed to convert a purchase requisition to a purchase order? Vendor What activity is performed when a shipment arrives from a vendor? Goods Reciept What two pieces of information are required to complete a goods receipt? Quantity and storage location What is the purpose of entering the amount from the invoice? Verification that the amount invoiced matches the amount ordered and received What are the two types of account data needed to process a payment? Vendor Account and Bank Account How many Bolts (BLT100) are used to produce one Standard Skateboard (STSB2000)? 8 How many routing steps are involved in the production of a Standard Skateboard (STSB2000)? 6 What is the final step in the product routing for a Standard Skateboard (STSB2000)? moving to shipping area What are the three types of data needed to create a planned order? 1.material number, 2.start date, 3.quantity What are the two types of data needed to convert a planned order into a production order? 1. Material Number 2.Planned Order Number What three pieces of information are needed to issue materials to a production order? 1.production order number, 2.storage location, 3.movement type What two pieces of information are needed to confirm a production order? 1.Production Order Number 2.Quantity of Finished Goods Produced What three pieces of information are needed to receive finished goods into the warehouse? 1.Storage Location, 2.Production Order Number, 3.Movement Type

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Master data is the same as transactional data false Master data is the foundation for running business transaction. true Which 3 organizational levels make up a sales area for a customer? Sales organization, Distribution channel, and division the basic data view for material master data can only be viewed by the purchasing department? false It is possible to view the stock level for a material by accessing the material master data. by accessing the material master data. true Which master data are used for procurement? Material and vendor master data What activity is performed when a shipment arrives from a vendor? Goods Receipt What is the purpose of entering the amount from the invoice? Verification that the amount invoiced matches the amount ordered and received From within SAP, you can... track a purchase order export a purchase order print a purchase order Purchasing performs which of the following steps in the procurement process? Creating purchase orders A goods receipt results in debiting the stock account. true What document is necessary in order to post an invoice? The purchase order Which of the following is NOT one of the selection steps in the fullfillment process. Quotation *****Purchase order Sales order Shipping Which of the following is/are option(s) in the sales order step in fullfillment? Create Edit Document Flow A sales order can be created with direct reference to a quotation. true During the shipping step in the fullfillment process, you can perform which one of the following? post a goods issue An internal credit memo is an example of a billing type. true How can you determine if there are enough finished goods in inventory to fulfill a sales order? View the unrestricted stock status for the material Which process must be started if there are not enough finished goods to fulfill a sales order? Production Process Once the Production Process is completed, which process resumes? fulfillment process Which process must be started if there are not enough raw materials to complete a production order? Procurement Process ISM master data, procurement process, sales order, production process procurement process steps company takes to obtain necessary materials or requisition to pay process purchase requisition procurement process identifies quantity and date a material is needed purchase order production and fulfillment process agreement to purchase stated material at stated price under stated terms free on board point at which ownership of material in shipment legally transfers from one company to the other usually shipping location and destination payment terms define how company is to pay vendor packing list production and fulfillment process delivery document sent with shipment provides details about materials contained in shipment including info about purchase order, when shipment was fulfilled and shipped, persons involved in preparing the order goods receipt document verifies that specified goods have been received returns process shipping damaged, incorrect, incomplete products back to vendor and verifying that vendor sends replacement shipment invoice production and fulfillment process bill for materials shipped, sent to accounting for payment three-way match when purchase order, goods receipt, and invoice all match payment is then sent to vendor key performance indicators standard definition of what is expected sell-from-stock fulfilling customer orders directly from company's inventory of finished goods customers limited to purchasing only products in stock configure-to-order taking standard or base model of product and configuring it to meet customer's special needs by adding either special options or add-on parts customer inquiry fulfillment process request for information about availability and prices of products specified in inquiry quotation fulfillment process spells out availability and prices of materials specified in inquiry sales order fulfillment process internal document created when company receives customer PO standardizes data across all customer POs and creates internal record of customer's order picking act of retrieving needed material from warehouse packing fulfillment and production process act of preparing material for shipment picking document fulfillment process prepared when warehouse receives sales order includes name/address of customer, order number/dates and terms of delivery, how many of which items are part of order and where they are located in warehouse backordered items sent on later date when more products become available stock out company does not have sufficient products in inventory to meet customer demand manufacturing taking raw materials and creating something from them bill of materials production process identifies all materials or parts needed to make one unit of finished product product design creating new products based on factors such as market research and new production techniques work centers where product is created, one or more tasks can be completed here product routings define steps or operations necessary to create product material staging component materials needed to make skateboard are obtained and readied assembly materials assembled taking number of component materials and putting them together to produce desired finished product initial inspection ensures assembly step was completed properly final inspection performed prior to placing skateboard in inventory move to storage finished materials placed into storage production capacity ability to produce necessary amount of products planned order request for production used to request that company produce specified quantity of goods production controller receives planned orders responsible for production in organization production orders come from planned orders provide written authorization to shop floor to produce stated quantity of products material withdrawal slip when production is authorized includes list of all materials needed to produce quantity of finished goods stated in production order authorizes warehouse to release or issue materials to shop floor when it is ready to start production integrated process procurement, fulfillment, production processes combined together intracompany processes most steps of integrated process occur within boundaries of single organization intercompany processes connect processes across 2 or more organizations such as supply chain management and customer relationship management decision point check of inventory to determine if needed products are in stock used to start production process fixed order quantities may be more than what customer ordered or what production requires more economical than variable order quantities because they have been predetermined to minimize costs downside is that it leads to accumulation of inventory production lot size most economical production quantity human capital management involves all activities related to recruitment of new employees, management of those employees careers while they work at company, and loss of those employees from workforce hire-to-retire contain very detailed subprocesses recruitment, on-boarding, career planning, performance management, off-boarding on-boarding transitioning new employees into company off-boarding transitioning employees out of company acquire-to-retire acquire, maintain, and retire assets machinery, computers, office furniture, transportation equipment asset management procuring assets, maintaining and repairing assets, replacing assets, accounting for depreciation of assets, disposing of, replacing, or retiring of assets source-to-settle enabled by Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) process occurs between company and suppliers focuses on entire relationship between company and supplier idea-to-market enabled by Product Life Cycle Management ensures best ideas from inside and outside company are converted to successful end products in quickest and most economical way possible demand-to-order Customer Relationship Management systems extend standard fulfillment process to incorporate great deal of activities consists of: 1. creating demand through marketing 2. transforming demand into sales opportunities 3. converting sales opportunities into sales quotations and then into sales orders software-as-a-service delivery model for software in which you pay for software on pay-per-use basis instead of buying software outright application service provider supplies software applications over internet that would otherwise reside on customers' computers push technology businesses and organizations come to you via technology with information, services, product offerings based on your profile Factory-to-business-to-customer F2B2C e-commerce business model in which consumer communicates through business on internet and directly provides product specifications to factory that makes customized and personalized product to consumers specifications disintermediation use of internet as delivery vehicle, whereby intermediate players in distribution channel can be bypassed Voice over Internet Protocol allows you to use your internet connection to make phone calls Web 2.0 second generation of the Web focuses on online collaboration, users as both creators and modifiers of content, dynamic and customized information feeds, etc. automatic speech recognition captures spoken word and also distinguishes word groupings to form sentences to perform this, needs to follow these steps: 1. Feature analysis 2. Pattern classification 3. Language processing feature analysis system captures your words and converts digital signals of your speech into phonemes (syllables) pattern classification system matches spoken phonemes to phoneme sequence stored in acoustic model database language processing system attempts to make sense of what you're saying by comparing word phonemes generated in step 2 with language model database virtual reality 3D computer simulation in which you actively and physically participate cave automatic virtual environment special 3D virtual reality room that can display images of other people and objects located in other CAVEs all over the world holographic devices CAVEs create, capture and/or display images in true three-dimensional form haptic interface uses technology to add sense of touch to an environment that previously only had visual and textual elements Biometrics use of physiology characteristics to provide identification ie: fingerprints biochip chip that can perform variety of physiological functions when inserted into human body implant chip technology enabled microchip implanted into human body that stores important information about you may be GPS enabled facial recognition software software provides identification by evaluating facial characteristics radio frequency identification uses microchip in tag or label to store information that is transmitted from tag or label when microchip is exposed to correct frequency of radio waves nanotechnology seeks to control matter at atomic and sub-atomic levels for purpose of building devices on same small scale multi-state CPUs work with information represented in more than just 2 states, probably 10 states with each state representing a digit between 0 and 9 documents in procurement process purchase requisition purchase order packing list goods receipt document vendor invoice vendor payment documents in fulfillment process customer inquiry quotation customer purchase order sales order picking document packing list customer invoice customer payment documents in production process planned order production order material withdrawal slip goods receipt document

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Procurement process A series of steps that a company takes to obtain or acquire necessary materials (AKA requisistion to pay process) Business-to-business (B2B) commerce Standardized process for buying and selling commercial goods and for transferring funds to pay for goods in efficient manner Purchase requisition Identifies materials needed, date needed, quantity (just for the company) Purchase order This is sent to the vendor... it contains shipping and pricing information, indicates how to ship the materials and includes unit of measure, unit price, item total, and order total Packing List Describes what is in the boxes and enables vendor to track the order (no pricing information, just details like quantity and weight) made by the vendor Goods receipt document Verifies specified goods have been received, and specifies products ordered, quantities ordered and received, and backordered Returns Process physically ship back damaged, incorrect, or incomplete products Vendor invoice Vendor sends a bill to company telling them what they owe and then the accountant ensures this matches the purchase order and the goods receipt Vendor payment Check or electronic funds transfer to vendor Instance - level information Manual delivery of documents (inefficient), the status of a specific purchase requisition Three-way-match Purchase order, goods receipt and vendor invoice Process - level information Concerned with purchasing process on an overall level Key performance indicators KPI parts of the process have certain amounts of time it should take (ERS can notify you by email if these are not met) Fulfillment Process order-to-cash process (includes all steps necessary to take order from customer, fill pack and ship it then recieve payment) Sell-from-stock fufill orders directly from company's inventory of finished goods (no special orders)...Walmart Configure-to-order taking standard model and configuring to meet special needs by adding options or parts (low volume, high cost) Cars and computars Customer inquiry request information about the availability and prices of products (part of fulfilment process) includes products and quantities Quotation spells out availability and prices of materials specified in inquiry (part of fulfilment process) Purchase Order the agreement that the stated price and terms are satisfactory (fulfilment process) Sales order when a company receives a customer PO, this is the internal document that standardizes data and tracks progress (fulfilment process) Picking document this tells the warehouse what to get, where to get it and how much to get (fulfilment process) Picking act of retrieving needed material from the warehouse (part of fulfilment process) Backordered quanity picked is less than quanity ordered, part of the order can be shipped while the other part is ________ (part of fulfilment process) Packing list this document specifies items and quantities shipped (part of fulfilment process) Customer invoice match info in packing list to info in this document to ensure accuracy (part of fulfilment process) this has a list of materials sent or services performed, along with costs Customer Payment sends check indicated on invoice, electronic transfer funds (part of fulfilment process) Confirmed Quanity the quantity the customer ordered Open Quantity the quantity that needs to be delivered Production Process AKA plan-to-produce process, includes all steps to make finished goods from components Bill of Material identifie parts needed to make one unit of finished produc Engineering Drawing visual representation of a finished product and its components Work centers where the product is completed (materials move in a clockwise direction from the warehouse through these then back to the warehouse) Product Routing Steps 1. Material Staging 2. Assembly 3. Initial inspection 4. Packing 5. Final Inspection 6. Move to Storage Discrete Manufacturing _________ manufacturing, ex. furniture, computer, plate, cup Process Manufacturing _________ manufacturing, ex. oil and gas Make-to-order production in response to direct customer orders Make-to-stock production for storage and then use Production controller person responsible for prodiction in the organization Steps of Production Process 1. Planned order (request to produce a quantity of goods) 2. Production order (made by production controller, command within production to start) 3. Material withdrawl slip (list of materials needed to produce production order) 4. Goods receipt document (record for the warehouse) Integrated Process this process ties together procurement, fulfillment, and production into a single process Production lot size most economical production quantity Software as a service renting a software for only a certain amount of uses ex. tax software Application service provider supplies software applications over the internet instead of on your computer ex. saving your documents on Oncourse

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false A charge card, such as American Express, carries no preset spending limit, and each month the user can pay all or part of the amount owed. false The length of the sales process for typical B2B sale is much faster than for the typical C2C sale. true A key sector of wholesale e-commerce is spending on MRO goods and services False Mobile coupon aggregators provide several promotions from a single retailer to lots of mobile phone users False Although conversion to an e-commerce or m-commerce system enables organizations to reduce the cost of business, it seldom results in increased accuracy of order processing and order fulfillment False The handheld devices used for m-commerce have few, if any, limitations that complicate their use True Digital certificates verify both purchaser and supplier identities in an e-commerce transaction True Amazon had the most 2008 Web sales by dollar volume of all U.S. companies. true Many manufacturers and retailers have outsourced the physical logistics of delivering merchandise to cybershoppers False The three basic components of a successful e-commerce model include content, commerce, and commodity True It is estimated that the number of mobile devices accessing the Internet will exceed 1 billion by 2013. true An electronic exchange enables a firm's suppliers and competitors to interact. true Application developers as well as mobile Web sites and mobile operators are considered mobile ad publishers. false Blind networks and premium blind networks are two forms of mobile advertising networks. true The brokerage business adapted to the Internet faster than any other arm of finance c. 2.1% It is estimated that e-commerce contributes about ______ percent to the total U.S. gross domestic product. (Circle the correct answer.) a. 0.2% b. 1.2% c. 2.1% d. 3.2% a. disintermediation The elimination of intermediate organizations between the producer and the consumer is called ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. disintermediation b. social networking c. market segmentation d. none of the above c. C2C ______ is a subset of e-commerce that involves electronic transactions between consumers and a third party to facilitate the process. (Circle the correct answer.) a. B2B b. B2C c. C2C d. G2C b. $2.4 billion U.S. m-commerce sales for 2010 are expected to be in the neighborhood of ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. $1.2 billion b. $2.4 billion c. $3.6 billion d. $4.8 billion b. cybermall A(n) ______ is a single Web site that offers many products and services at one Internet location. (Circle the correct answer.) a. Web portal b. cybermall c. e-boutique d. none of the above d. all of the above Mobile coupons ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. have a much higher redemption rate than paper coupons b. can be sent to mobile shoppers by numerous mobile coupon aggregators c. can be redeemed by scanning the barcode displayed on a Web-enabled cell phone d. all of the above b. increase the accuracy of order processing and order fulfillment Conversion to an e-commerce or m-commerce system enables an organization to ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. more easily implement ERP systems b. increase the accuracy of order processing and order fulfillment c. increase the prices of its goods and services d. all of the above c. abandonment of e-commerce Web sites Poor Web site performance frequently leads to ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. inadequate customer service b. lost orders c. abandonment of e-commerce Web sites d. all of the above d. confirm the identity of the user requesting access to information or assets Authentication technologies are used by many organizations to ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. verify the accuracy of their product descriptions and prices b. verify the ship to address of their online customers c. confirm the URL of their suppliers' Web sites d. confirm the identity of the user requesting access to information or assets c. was not profitable until more than seven years after its start-up Amazon ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. was immediately profitable since the year it was founded b. never has become fully profitable c. was not profitable until more than seven years after its start-up d. none of the above d. grow rapidly The number of U.S. mobile Web sites over the next few years is expected to ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. stay about the same b. grow slightly c. shrink slightly d. grow rapidly c. Digital rights management ______ refers to the use of any of several technologies to enforce policies for controlling access to digital media. (Circle the correct answer.) a. Copyright protection b. Patent Protection c. Digital rights management d. Intellectual property protection d. buyers live in a state where the merchant has physical facilities Based on the Supreme Court ruling in Quill Corp vs. North Dakota, Internet-based merchants need to apply sales tax only when ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. the sale price exceeds $100.00 b. items are purchased through a C2C Web site c. buyers purchase certain enumerated items d. buyers live in a state where the merchant has physical facilities b. storefront broker A(n) ______ is a business that serves as an intermediary between your Web site and online merchants who have the actual products and retail expertise. (Circle the correct answer.) a. cybermall b. storefront broker c. electronic exchange d. none of the above b. serves as a Web browser on handheld, wireless devices The Wireless Application Protocol ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. provides secure, encrypted, wireless communications b. serves as a Web browser on handheld, wireless devices c. is an alternative to PCI d. none of the above E-Commerce ________________________ is the conducting of business activities electronically over computer networks. B2B ____________________________________________ (acronym OK!) is a subset of e-commerce where all the participants are organizations. mobi ICANN created a __________________ domain to help attract mobile users to the Web action Mobile ad impressions are generally bought at a cost per thousand, cost per click, or cost per ____________________. Volume The amount of storage capacity and computing power required of the e-commerce Web server depends on two things: the software that must run on the server and the _______________________ of transactions that must be processed Digital ________________________ certificates are used to ensure that e-commerce transactions are made between the intended parties. CA Both purchaser and supplier identities are guaranteed by a third party organization called a(n) encrypted With the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) communication protocol, the data is always ________________________ ensuring that your transactions are not subject to interception. $50 All credit card customers are protected from paying more than ____________________ ____________________ for fraudulent transactions Credit Card When paying by cell phone, the payments can be linked to your bank account or added to your ____________________ ____________________. Product and Service Delivery The five stages of B2B and B2C e-commerce include: 1) search and identify, 2) select and negotiate, 3) purchase, 4) ________________________ _____________________ ________________________ ________________________, and 5) after-sales service. Identity Theft ________________________ ______________________ occurs when someone uses your personal identifying information to commit fraud or other crimes 40 MRO purchases can often approach ________________________ percent of a manufacturing company's total revenue. actions The main measures of mobile advertising are the number of users reached, the click through rate, and the number of ________________________ users take. One to One Through m-commerce, companies can reach individual consumers to establish ____________________________________ marketing relationships and communicate whenever it is convenient True Transaction processing systems support the capture and processing of detailed data necessary to update the fundamental business operations of the organization. True With an OLTP system, each transaction is accumulated over a period of time and prepared for processing in a large batch of similar transactions. True For an organization implementing an ERP system, there is a major amount of effort required to load existing data from various sources into the new ERP database False Data mapping is the examination of each data item required for a new ERP system and determining the number of bytes required for data storage. True Financial accounting consists of capturing and recording all the transactions that affect a company's financial state and then using these documented transactions to prepare financial statements to external decision makers. False Customer relationship management software helps plan, execute, and control all the activities involved in raw material sourcing and procurement, conversion of raw materials to finished products, and the warehousing and delivery of finished product to customers False Fortunately, disparities in IS infrastructure is not one of the international issues associated with the use of enterprise systems. True TPS often perform activities related to customer contacts and thus play a critical role in providing value to the customer. False An important step in processing transaction data is to check data for validity and completeness, a task called data correction. True Two key benefits gained from successful implementation of an ERP system include gaining improved access to data for operational decision making and improved work processes. True The individual application modules of an ERP system are designed to support best practices, the most efficient ways to complete a business process. False SMEs are too small to achieve substantial business benefits from the implementation of an ERP system. False The "bill of materials" (BOM) is a sort of roadmap that shows each step in the manufacturing process. False Sales ordering is the set of activities associated with all purchasing needed to support the sales functions including promotions, advertising, and marketing False Customer support, sales management, and contact management are key features of a supply chain management system c. batch processing With ______, business transactions are accumulated over a period of time for processing in a single unit. (Circle the correct answer.) a. online transaction processing b. real-time transaction processing c. batch processing d. enterprise resource processing a. best practices The process used by leading companies to complete a business process in the most efficient and effective manner are called ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. best practices b. streamlined processes c. current best approach d. none of the above a. pick list In an order processing system, a(n) ______ is printed at the warehouse from which the order is to filled so that workers can correctly fill the order. (Circle the correct answer.) a. pick list b. customer order c. invoice d. receiving report b. it employs a database of key operational and planning information that can be shared by all A key feature on an enterprise resource planning system is that ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. all transactions are processed in online transaction processing mode b. it employs a database of key operational and planning information that can be shared by all c. it is fully integrated with all of the organization's e-commerce systems d. all of the above a. scope The number and types of data items that must be loaded into a new ERP system depend on the ______ of the ERP implementation. (Circle the correct answer. a. scope b. schedule c. cost d. none of the above d. open source Many SMEs elect to implement ______ ERP systems. (Circle the correct answer.) a. proprietary b. in-house developed c. custom coded d. open source c. materials requirement plan Purchasing uses the information from the ______ to place purchase orders for raw materials. (Circle the correct answer.) a. sales and operations plan b. detailed scheduling plan c. materials requirement plan d. none of the above a. Market research One of the functional units likely to benefit from use of a customer relationship management system is ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. Market research b. Product development c. Quality control d. All of the above b. transaction processing systems Organizations expect their ______ to ensure that data is processed accurately and completely, avoid processing fraudulent transactions, and reduce clerical and other labor requirements. (Circle the correct answer.) a. batch processing systems b. transaction processing systems c. online processing systems d. purchasing processing systems c. typically cost a few hundred to a few thousand dollars Integrated information transaction processing system solutions for SMEs ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. are difficult to install and operate b. have a high cost of total ownership c. typically cost a few hundred to a few thousand dollars d. none of the above d. define metrics to assess the progress of the project During the implementation of an ERP system, it is a good idea to _____. (Circle the correct answer.) a. keep the scope of the implementation fluid so changes can be easily incorporated b. minimize the time and dollars spent on training end users c. not require the full-time involvement of a business executive d. define metrics to assess the progress of the project b. Supply chain management ______ includes the planning, execution, and control of all activities involved in raw material sourcing and procurement, conversions of raw materials to finished products, and the warehousing and delivery of finished product to customers. (Circle the correct answer.) a. Enterprise resource planning b. Supply chain management c. Customer relationship management d. Materials requirement planning b. demand forecasting Retailers as well as manufacturers use ______ to match production to consumer demand and to allocate products to stores. (Circle the correct answer.) a. production planning b. demand forecasting c. inventory control d. sales forecasting c. hosted software model Many business application software vendors are pushing the use of the ______ for SME to help them acquire, use, and benefit from new technology while avoiding much of the associated complexity and high start-up costs. (Circle the correct answer.) a. open source code b. ERP systems c. hosted software model d. CRM d. All of the above ______ are among the challenges that must be met by an enterprise system of a multinational company. (Circle the correct answer.) a. Different languages and cultures b. Disparities in IS infrastructure c. Varying laws and customs rules d. All of the above Sales Forecasting The systematic process for developing a production plan for a manufacturing organization starts with ____________________ ____________________________ to develop an estimate of future customer demand. Financial The recording of a sale and the creation of an accounts receivable entry indicating that a customer owes money for goods received is an example of _______________________ accounting. Contact The objective of a CRM system is to capture data about every ____________________ a company has with a customer through every channel and store it more Transaction processing systems typically involve the processing of _________________ input and output than MIS systems Integration Many organizations have limited ________________________ among its TPS systems which requires that data into to one TPS must be printed out and manually reentered into other systems. (Fill-in-the-blank.) editing Data ________________________ ensures the validity and completeness of input data. (Fill-in-the-blank.) custom Trade ____________________ rules are international laws that set practices for two or more nations' commercial transactions. (Fill-in-the-blank.) transborder Some countries have passed laws limiting the __________________________ flow of data linked to individuals. hosted There are many software vendors who offer ________________________ versions of their ERP or CRM software at a low monthly rental rate. Customer Moving from a culture of simply selling products to one of placing the _______________ first is essential to a successful CRM deployment. records Transaction processing systems use a large amount of input and output data to update the official ____________________ of the company about orders, sales, customers, and so on. current At any time, the data in an online system reflects the ______________________ status document production The transaction processing cycle includes data collection, data editing, data correction, data storage, and ________________________ ________________________. business process A(n) ______________________ ______________________ is a set of coordinated and related activities that takes one or more types of input and creates an output of value to the customer of that process. Data Cleanup When loading data into a new ERP system, ________________ __________________ is required because legacy systems are likely to contain data that is inaccurate, incomplete, or inconsistent. (Fill-in-the-blank.) False The ultimate goal of management information and decision support systems is to help managers at the highest level in the organization make automated decisions with little or no effort. (Circle the correct answer.) True Heuristics, also known as "rules of thumb," are commonly accepted guidelines or procedures that usually find a good solution. (Circle the correct answer.) True An MIS provides managers and decision makers with information to help achieve organizational goals. (Circle the correct answer.) True A key indicator report summarizes the previous day's critical activities and is typically available at the beginning of each workday. (Circle the correct answer.) False Demand reports are produced on a regular schedule, the same time each day, week, or month. (Circle the correct answer True An MIS can be divided along functional lines to produce reports tailored to individual functions. True Cost centers are units within the company that do not directly generate income. (Circle the correct answer.) True The use of computerized systems is emphasized at all levels of manufacturing-from the shop floor to the executive suite. (Circle the correct answer.) True CAD is used in the development and design of complex structures and products. (Circle the correct answer.) false The economic order quantity is calculated to minimize the number of times an inventory item must be reordered. (Circle the correct answer.) True A marketing MIS supports managerial activities in product development, distribution, pricing, promotions, and sales. (Circle the correct answer.) True Traditionally, executives simply added a profit margin to total costs to set prices and guarantee a decent profit. (Circle the correct answer.) True Computerized sales analysis is important to identify products, sales personnel, and customers that contribute to profits and those that do not. False A decision support system includes people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to help assemble, store, manipulate, and display geographic information True The Delphi approach is a group decision making approach that encourages diversity among group members and fosters creativity and original thinking in decision making. (Circle the correct answer.) b. dialogue manager A typical DSS includes many components including the ______ which allows decision makers to easily access and manipulate the DSS and to use common business terms and phrases. (Circle the correct answer.) a. model base b. dialogue manager c. database d. external database access a. inference engine The ______ is not a component of the typical DSS? (Circle the correct answer.) a. inference engine b. user interface c. model base d. database d. All of the above ______ is a common characteristic of an executive support system. (Circle the correct answer.) a. Tailored for use by individual executives b. Provide drill-down capabilities c. Can be used in situations with a high degree of uncertainty d. All of the above c. intelligence The first stage in the problem solving process during which one identifies and defines potential problems or opportunities is the ______ stage. (Circle the correct answer.) a. design b. choice c. intelligence d. monitoring d. design During the ______ stage of the problem solving process, you develop alternative solutions to the problem and evaluate their feasibility. (Circle the correct answer.) a. intelligence b. implementation c. choice d. design c. various TPS and ERP systems and related databases The most significant internal data sources for an MIS are the organization's ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. various DSS and GSS systems and users b. Internet Web sites c. various TPS and ERP systems and related databases d. data from customers, suppliers, competitors, and stockholders d. key-indicator The ______ report summarizes the previous day's critical activities and is typically available at the start of each workday. (Circle the correct answer.) a. demand b. drill-down c. exception d. key-indicator d. all of the above The ability to ______ is a characteristic of a financial MIS. (Circle the correct answer.) a. integrate financial and operational information from multiple sources, including the Internet b. provide easy access to financial data through use of a corporate intranet to access corporate Web pages c. enable analysis of financial data along multiple dimensions d. all of the above b. manufacturing The ______ MIS subsystems and outputs are used to monitor and control the flow of materials, products, and services through the organization. (Circle the correct answer.) a. financial b. manufacturing c. human resources d. marketing c. flexible manufacturing system A(n) ______ is an approach that allows manufacturing facilities to rapidly and efficiently change from making one product to another. (Circle the correct answer.) a. just in time b. Computer Integrated Manufacturing c. flexible manufacturing system d. all of the above a. product development Subsystems for the marketing MIS include ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. product development b. inventory control c. use and management of funds d. all of the above c. effectiveness The focus of a DSS is on decision-making ______ when faced with unstructured or semistructured business problems. (Circle the correct answer.) a. accuracy b. efficiency c. effectiveness d. timeliness a. it is straightforward, requiring known facts and relationships One characteristic of a structured problem is that ______. (Circle the correct answer.) a. it is straightforward, requiring known facts and relationships b. the relationships among the pieces of data are not always clear c. the data might be difficult to manipulate or obtain d. the decision maker might not know the information requirements of the decision in advance c. MIS A(n) ______ normally is used with structured problems and usually emphasizes information only. (Circle the correct answer.) a. DSS b. GSS c. MIS d. GIS b. GSS The ____ system provides for the gathering of anonymous input, allows for the exchange of information and expertise among people without direct face-to-face interaction, and support many difference decision-making approaches. (Circle the correct answer.) a. DSS b. GSS c. GIS d. MIS Geographic information system A(n) ______________________ ______________________ _____________________ is a computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying data identified according to its location. (Fill-in-the-blank.) Nonprogrammed ______________________________ decisions deal with unusual or exceptional situations. (Fill-in-the-blank.) monitoring The final stage of the problem-solving process during which decision makers evaluate the implementation is called the ________________________ stage. satisfice In general, computerized decision support systems can either optimize or ________________________. (Fill-in-the-blank.) constraint A limit on the number of available work hours in a manufacturing facility is an example of a problem ________________________. reports The output of most MIS systems is a collection of ________________________ that are distributed to managers. Scheduled ____________________________ reports are produced periodically, such as daily, weekly, or monthly. (Fill-in-the-blank.) Exception ____________________________ reports are reports that are automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action Profit center A(n) ________________________ ________________________ is any organizational unit that focuses on generating a profit for the firm. (Fill-in-the-blank.) CAD A manufacturing or architectural firm uses __________________________________ ________________________ software to develop a digital blueprint of its products prior to building them. (Fill-in-the-blank.) Social Networking Corporate marketing departments use ________________ _______________________ sites such as Second Life to advertise their products and perform market research. Engagement ______________________________ ratings show how ads convert to sales. (Fill-in-the-blank.) accounting A(n) _____________________________ MIS performs a number of important activities, providing aggregate information on accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll, and many other applications. (Fill-in-the-blank.) institutional A(n) ____________________________ DSS handles situations or decisions that occur more than once, usually several times per year or more. (Fill-in-the-blank.) Brainstorming In the ________________________________ decision making approach, members of a group offer suggestions "off the top of their heads." True Many organizations actively attempt to convert tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. (Circle the correct answer.) True Secretaries, administrative assistants, bookkeepers, and similar data-entry people are often called data workers. (Circle the correct answer.) False Data mining and business intelligence are seldom used to capture the knowledge stored in a knowledge management system. (Circle the correct answer.) False Although computers excel at numerical calculations, they are even better at dealing with symbols and three-dimensional objects. (Circle the correct answer.) True A perceptive system allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees, hears, and feels objects. (Circle the correct answer.) True Research is ongoing to directly connect the human brain and have human thought control computer activities. (Circle the correct answer.) True Expert systems, robotics, vision systems, natural language processing, learning systems, and neural networks are all part of the broad field of artificial intelligence. (Circle the correct answer. True Research is ongoing to develop a robotic suit to help paraplegics and stroke victims move so they can perform basic functions. (Circle the correct answer.) True Neugents are neural intelligence agents that "learn" patterns and behaviors and predict what will happen next. (Circle the correct answer.) True Reinforcement learning is a learning system involving sequential decisions with learning taking place in between each decision. (Circle the correct answer.) False A genetic algorithm can be used to search the vast resources of the Internet to find information on any topic. (Circle the correct answer.) False An expert system, using the knowledge acquisition facility, can indicate all the facts and rules that were used in reaching the conclusion. (Circle the correct answer.) True The user interface makes an expert system easier to both develop and use. (Circle the correct answer.) false Analog and older digital formats need not be converted into a newer digital format before they can be edited and processed by today's multimedia software. (Circle the correct answer.)

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Fulfillment process steps Take order from customer, fill/pack/ship, receive payment. Sell from stock Fulfilling customer orders directly from the company's inventory of finished goods (retail businesses-high volumes, low-cost operations. Configure to order Take standard/base model of product and then configure it to meet customer's special needs by adding individual parts. Physical flow of fulfillment process Customer sends inquiry regarding product, quotation send to customer, customer sends purchase order, sale order made/sent to Warehouse, shipment prepared, shipment sent, create/send invoice, receive payment. Document data flow Customer inquiry-request for info about availability and prices of products specified in the inquiry. Quotation-spells out availability and prices of materials specified in the inquiry Customer PO Sales order Picking document, packing list, customer invoice, payment Information flow For internal operations, status of operations is very important. Process-level-concerned with steps of process as a whole Financial impact Occurs when there is an exchange in value, happens after customer order receipt-order sent. Roles of ES in fulfillment process Execute the process, Capture/store process data, and Monitor process. Anyone can view data How does fulfillment process changes when electronics goods involved Preparing and sending shipment steps are unnecessary. Production process steps Warehouse requests production, production authorized, issue raw material, create products, receive finished goods. Functional units involved Production (shop floor) and warehouse Assembly vs Manufacturing Assembling is taking a # of component materials and putting them together to produce the finished products. Manufacturing involves raw materials. Discrete vs process manufacturing Discrete: furniture, computers, plates, cups Process: oil and gas Make to order vs make to stock Make to Order: produce goods only in response to direct orders (Dell) Make to Stock: Create inventory and store, best buy Bill of Materials Identifies all materials or parts needed to make 1 unit of a finished product based on product design Product Design Process in organizations that creates new products; result is engineering drawing Staging, assembling, packing steps Material staging: component materials obtained Assembly: materials assembled Initial inspection: ensure assembly was done correctly Packing: Product packed Final inspection: Inspection before product goes into inventory Move to storage Work Center where the actual task of creating product occurs How ES helps production Production process runs more smoothly and is integrated. Also ensures that all documents flow and nothing is missing which could cause problems. Instance/process level in production Instance: ES provides status info such as inventory levels Process: How well is process performing over time How do 3 studies processes intertwine If inventory is low on product ordered, it must go to production, and if raw materials are low, they must go into procurement Decision point Determine if a certain process can continue or will company have to flow into different process. Inter vs intra-company Inter: 2 or more companies involved in process Intra: Boundaries of Single Organization Supply-chain management Concerned with material planning and logistics; plans to match predicted demand for finished goods with production capacity and raw materials. Supplier relationship management Analyzes potential and existing suppliers of company, manages contracts and relationships. Product Life Cycle Management Idea to market process, basically responsible for testing new products in market Customer Relationship Management Demand to order consists of activities that create demand for products through marketing campaigns, sales opportunities, etc. RFID uses radio frequency to exchange data between an electronic reader and electronic tags (RFID tags) attached to objects Integrated Processes An integrated process between procurement, fulfillment, and production Intracompany Processes Procurement, fulfillment, production, and integrated processes Intercompany processes Processes that connect processes across two or more organizations Supply chain management, customer relationship management are examples of what kind of processes? Intercompany processes Decision Point To check a factor to determine when to begin the production process Checking the inventory to determine if the item is in stock and begin the production process is an example of what? A decision point Procure-to-Order When stock runs low and he company orders a large quantity of inventory Make-to-Order Customer places order and company produces that single item for the customer What begins with the first step of the fulfillment process? Integrated Process Availability Check To check for materials available in inventory. ES usually does this Production Process This process usually begins with a request for a production in the form of a planned order Production Lot Size The most economical Production Quantity Raw Goods In the integrated process, the availability of what must be confirmed to complete production order? Purchase Requisition The warehouse initiates the procurement process by creating this. Human Capital Management (HCM) Deals with the recruitment of new employees, management of those working, and those who will either retire or terminate Asset Management Deals with physical assets such as machinery, equipment, and computers. Deals with procuring assets, account for depreciation, maintaining and repairing assets, replacing assets, disposal, replacing and retiring assets Supply Chain Management (SCM) Manages the transfer of supplies and goods Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) Focuses on the relationship between a company and its suppliers Product Life Cycle Management (PLM) Enables the idea-to-market process which interacts with many other processes in the company such as SCM and SRM. Product Life Cycle Management (PLM) Which Management System focuses on the product to make sure the product is successful and it generates innovative ideas for the product? Customer Relationship Management (CRM) -Deals with the demand-to-order processes -Consists of creating demand for products through marketing -Manage the services they provide to customers

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