Missed Test Questions

Which of the following is brain - imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structures? a. EEG b. MRI c. PET d. CAT e. EMG

MRI

A basic assumption underlying the evolutionary approach to sexual attraction is that men seek potential mates who a. display financial resources b. have high social status c. appear fertile d. are taller than average e. are highly educated

appear fertile

A double- blind control is essential for which of the following? a. a study comparing the IQ test scores of children from different educational systems b. a study of relationships among family members c. an experiment designed to determine the effect of a food reward on the bar-pressing rat of a rat d. assessment of a treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms e. a survey of drug use among teenagers

assessment of a treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms

Which process transfers information from sensory memory to short-term memory a. attention b.cognition c. differentiation d. perception e. sensation

attention

Although Paul seems bright and capable to his parents and friends, he has been failing in school. Paul agrees to speak with a psychologist, who suggests that his problems stem from internal processes such as unrealistic expectations and negative thinking. The psychologist's view is typical of which of the following models of behavior? a. psychoanalytic b. humanistic c. cognitive d. sociobiological e. behavioral

cognitive

The large, slow brain waves associated with NREM-3 are called a. sleep spindles b. delta waves c. alpha waves d. REMS e. paradoxes

delta waves

Drawing a random sample of people from a town for an interview study of social attitudes ensures that a. each person in the town has the same probability of being chosen for the study b. an equal number of males and females are selected for interviews c. the study includes at least some respondent from every social class in town d. the study will uncover widely differing social attitudes among the respondents e. the sample will be large enough even though some people may refuse to be interviewed

each person in the town has the same probability of being chosen for the study

Which of the following is consistent with the arousal of the sympathetic nervous system? a. elevated levels of cortisol b. elevated digestive activity c. diminished norepinephrine activity d. increased salvation e. constriction of the pupils

elevated levels of cortisol

During English class, Caleb is worried about an unfinished history project he needs to turn in later in the day. While the English teach and other students discuss a short story the class had read, Caleb's attention is focused on how to finish the history project. The next day he is unable to recall the short story details presented in English class. The recall problem is due to a. retroactive interference b. proactive interference c. source amnesia d. encoding failure e. retrial failure

encoding failure

Which of the following research approaches would be best for testing the hypothesis that he presence of a certain odor caused people to gamble more? a. experimental b. observational c. correlational d. survey e. case study

experimental

Stimulation of portions of the left temporal lobe of the brain during surgery will cause the patient to a. see light b. lose sense of smell c. jerk the left arm d. extend the tongue e. hear sounds

hear sounds

After a stroke, Jeff has noticed his memory for past events remain good, but it is very difficult for him to remember new events like what movie he just watched. It is most likely that Jeff suffered damage to which part of the brain? a. hypothalamus b. cerebellum c. sensory cortex d. Wernicke's area e. hippocampus

hippocampus

Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well-being at the end of each exercise session. The best explanation for Mary's perseverance in the program is that exercise a. reduces her level of gamma - aminobutyric acid (GABA) b. reduces her level of acetylcholine c. reduces her level of glutamate d. increasers her level of teratogens e. increases her level of endorphins

increases her level of endorphins

Which of the following statements concerning sleep is valid? a. there are no valid physiological indicators of sleep b. longer dreams usually occur during the first sleep cycle c. individuals do not typically act out their dreams d. Sigmund Freud developed his theory of dreaming by waking individuals from REM sleep e. sleep spindles occur with greater frequency in individuals who experience night terrors

individuals do not typically act out their dreams

One advantage of experiments over correlational studies is that experiments generally allow one to a. study a large group of people b. study changes over a long period of time c. infer cause and effect d. study an individual in depth e. observe people in their natural setting

infer cause and effect

Dr. Grayson is interested in studying the relationship between weight loss and mood. to conduct the study, Dr.Grayson analyzes the results of several previous studies on weight loss and emotional state. which research strategy is Dr. Grayson using? a. meta-analysis b. naturalistic observation c. an experiment d. a survey e. a case study

meta-analysis

The cerebellum is most directly involved in a. forming emotional memories b. forming explicit and spatial memories c. judgement, higher-order cognition, and personality d. sensory processing and relaying e. motor learning

motor learning

Elizabeth picks up the clothes from her bedroom floor and puts them away to avoid her mother's repeated nagging. Elizabeth's behavior is being influenced by a. classical conditioning b. positive reinforcement c. negative reinforcement d. extinction e. punishment

negative reinforcement

A sudden inability to remember how to tie a certain kind of know indicated a deficit in which kind of memory? a. declarative b. semantic c. iconic d. episodic e. procedural

procedural

The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches? a. cognitive b. biological c. behavioral d. sociocultural e. psychodynamic

psychodynamic

Students from a journalism class ask only their friends to participate in a school newspaper survey and neglect to ask the rest of the student body. The journalism students' data may not be generalizable due to a. lack of debriefing b. sampling bias c. participant bias d. social desirability bias e. placebo effects

sampling bias

The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a a. bar graph b. normal distribution c. histogram d. scatterplot e. frequency polygon

scatterplot

Which part of the nervous system is most immediately activated by sudden fear? a. parasympathetic b. sympathetic c. neostriatum d. somatic e. cortical

sympathetic

Which of the following is true of a neuron in the resting state? a. the inside of the cell membrane is negative compared to the outside b. the outside of the cell membrane is negative compared to the inside c. the concentration of sodium ions is equal inside and outside of the cell membrane d. both the sodium and the potassium channels are open e. the neural is not polarized

the inside of the cell membrane is negative compared to the outside

Split-brain research has illustrated which of the following? a. the right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language in most people b. the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language in most people c. the occipital lobe is responsible for color vision d. the prefrontal cortex is responsible for thinking, planning, and decision making e. the brain functions normally after the corpus callosum is cut

the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language in most people

People who play the slot machines are reinforced on a __________ schedule of reinforcement. a. fixed - interval b. fixed - ratio c. variable - interval d. variable - ratio e. continuous

variable - ratio