MKT 305 FINAL 11-14
Which of the following is NOT one of the three distinct stages of gift-giving rituals?
convention
Sophie tells Nick about a great new restaurant. Sophie is practicing ___________.
word-of-mouth communication
Grooming rituals express two kinds of binary opposition; private/public and _________.
work/leisure
Jim Smith, Don Carson, and Jeff Sweeny are all 54 years old, so they can be sorted into _____________.
an age cohort
Power that is gained by virtue or a social agreement, such as the authority we give to police officers, is called ________________.
legitimate power
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic conflicts common to all teens?
narcissism vs conformity
a set of socially relevant nodes connected by one or more relations is called a social __________.
network
Individuals with the ability to influence others' attributes or behavior are considered ________________.
opinion leaders
______________ are frequently able to influence others' attitudes on behavior
opinion leaders
Culture is best described as a society's _____________.
personality
________________ describes the capacity to alter the actions of others.
social power
___________ is the way people maintain an orderly social life.
social structure
Consumers who buy everything in sight are called _________.
spendthrifts
____________ refers to the strategy of getting visitors to a website to forward information on the site of their friends in order to make more consumers aware of a product.
viral marketing
An age cohort that describes kids who were born in the late 1990s to early 2000s is _____________.`
Generation Z
The process of movement and adaption to one country's cultural environment by a person from another country is called ___________.
acculturation
People and institutions that teach the ways of a culture are called ___________.
acculturation agents
__________ is a myth that explains the origins of existence.
metaphysical
The ability of a person to pass from one social class to another is called ___________.
social mobility
Brands that we closely link to our rituals are called _________ brands; once they become imbedded in our rituals we are unlikely to replace them.
fortress
All of the following are important components of social class EXCEPT for _____________.
gender
______________ refers to a stage in the gift giving process, where the giver procures an item to make some event,
gestation
A tendency for people to marry in a social class similar to their own is called
homogamy
The aspect of a cultural system which describes the mental characteristics of a people and the way they relate to their environment and social group is known as _____________.
ideology
____________ is/are the mental characteristics of people and the way they relate to their environment and social group.
ideology
One percenters are an example of __________/
income inequality
The second stage in the rite of passage is ___________.
liminality
All of the following are subsystems in a culture production system EXCEPT a __________ subsystem.
marketing
A group composed of people that the consumer actually knows is called a __________ reference group
membership
A type of reference group is ________________.
membership, aspirational, avoidance
A set of multiple symbolic behaviors that occur in a fixed sequence and tend to be repeated is called a ___________.
myth
A story containing symbolic elements that express that shared emotions and ideals of a culture is called a ______________.
myth
A component of a person's subculture is ______________.
age, race, ethnic background
Manuel still remembers the impact of his first college class in the United States. As a new immigrant, he was sincere in his desire to learn about the American culture that he had chosen to adopt. His college professor taught Manuel many things about the American culture. In doing so, the professor was acting as an _____________.
Acculturation agent
Maria Gomez is thrilled to be in the US. After spending her childhood years in Mexico, she is looking forward to the freedom given to teenage girls in the US. "I can wear shorts, pantsuits, and even halter tops and no one will think badly of me" says Maria. Maria is in the process of ______________/
Adaption
Which of the "Big Three" americans subcultures makes up 13% of the populations?
African Americans
Which of the following is NOT one of the four interrelated functions of myths in a culture?
Anthropological
Which american ethnic subculture is the fastest growing?
Asian American
Which statement about asian americans is true?
Asian Americans are the best educated of any ethnic subculture in the US
In the process of ____________, new immigrants adopt products, habits, and values they identify with the mainstream culture.
Assimilation
Jui-Jui has a need to achieve independence. He dreams daily of leaving home and getting his own apartment; however, because he lives in a neighborhood full of houses, he would have to go some distance to find an apartment that he could afford. This move would mean that he would distance himself from his friends. This example is a common dilemma for many teens. Which of the following conflicts that most teens face is most applicable to Jui-Jui's situation? `
Autonomy vs belonging
People born between 1946 and 1964 belong to _______________.
Baby boomers
John Jones purchases products to show visible evidence of his ability to afford luxury goods, John is practicing _____________.
Conspicuous consumption
It is quite common for mainstream culture to modify symbols identified with "cutting edge" subculture and present these to a larger audience. Such cultural products undergo a process of ________, by which their original meanings are transformed by outsiders.
Cooptation
Money available to a household over and above what is required to have a comfortable standard of living is called _____________.
Discretionary income
Which term refers to exchanges of resources, information, or influence among members of networks?
Flows
Brands that we closely link to our ritual are called ________ brands; once they become imbedded in our rituals we are unlikely to replace them.
Fortress
____________ refers to analytical techniques that combine data on consumer expenditures and other socioeconomic factors with geographic information.
Geodemography
According to Pierre Bourdieu, people's taste regarding entertainment and the arts serves as a status-making force or _________ that causes consumption preferences to cluster together
Habitus
___________ group members tend to be tightly knit, and they infer meaning that goes beyond the spoken word.
High-content culture
Japan is a very tightly knit culture with rich history and social identification. In this culture, people tend to infer meanings that go beyond the spoken word. This classifies Japan as a _____________ culture.
High-context
Anna and David both have the same college degree, belong to the same social class, and attend the same church. This situation illustrates ___________.
Homophily
Which functional are of culture is most closely related to the idea of a common worldview?
Ideology
______________ is a myth that explains the origins of existence.
Metaphysical
Nearly 60% of the Hispanic American population are of ___________ descent.
Mexican
Gen Y are individuals are also included as ________.
Millennials
______ refers to the factors that motivate people to physically uproot themselves from one location to another.
Movement
______________ usually dictate what is right and wrong, acceptable or unacceptable.
Norms
Peggy Simmons has a tough assignment. She is to live in Japan for the next five years & successfully introduce her company's line of cosmetics to Japanese women. Her company's management hopes that living in an average neighborhood, commuting to work everyday, eating native food, and speaking japanese will help Peggy involve herself in the society more quickly than if she stayed separated from her hosts. The company's management wants Peggy to use the _______________ model.
Progressive learning
A(n) ________________ is an actual or imaginary individual or group conceived of having significant relevance upon an individual's evaluations, aspirations, or behavior.
Reference group
The lack of marketing information about religion is primarily due to _________________.
Religion being somewhat of a taboo subject among researchers
A special ritual marking a person's transition from one role to another is called a ____________.
Rites of passage
When people are differentiated in terms of their aesthetic and intellectual preferences, a ______________ is being applied.
Taste culture
With respect to the acculturation process, what is the relationship between maintenance and segregation?
The relationship is subtle. There is constant battle between new immigrants attempting to maintain their new identity and language and the dominate culture applying pressure to segregate new immigrants, thus separating them from the new culture.
An extended family unit is characterized by __________ living together.
Three generations of a family
The cultural learning acquired through ________ leads immigrants to a process of adaptations.
Translation
The ______________ generation includes people who were born between the two world wars.
War baby
A nuclear family consists of _____________
a mother, a father and at least one child
The pressure to conform that escalates as more and more group members "cave in" is called ________________
bandwagon
An age ____________ consists of people of similar ages who have undergone similar experiences.
cohort
Shannon Reeves and Tish Phillips remember their days as student protesters in the 1960s. Shannon remembers seeing Jim Hendrix at woodstock and tish remembers burning her bra in front of the central administration building at yale. These memories about cultural heroes and events are one of the chief characteristics of an age _________________.
cohort
The systematic acquisition of a particular object or set of objects is called ________.
collecting
One of the goals of marketing to Gen Yers has been to allow them to remain free of the restraints of wires and cords, but still have media available at any time. The lifestyle created by this approach is referred to as __________.
connexity
A cultural production system is a ______________.
creative, managerial, and communication
The process whereby a product formerly associated with a specific ethnic group is detached from its roots and marketed to other subcultures is called ____________.
de-ethnicization
Researchers primarily see the gift-giving ritual as a type of ________ exchange.
economic
Sharon is upset with her secretary, though everyone in the office agreed not to give Christmas presents this year. sharons secretary gave her an expensive bottle of perfume. which of the following best identifies the source of sharons feelings?
reciprocity norm
If a consumer admires the qualities of another person and copies his or her behaviors, the person that is copied has ___________ power.
referent
Phillip admires the qualities of the sigma chis on his college campus. Since he has decided to try and pledge this group, he begins to imitate the qualities that he perceives the group has. What type of power does the fraternity seem to be displaying with respect to Phillip and his behavior?
referent power
In general, advertising is more effective when it ____________ than when it _____________.
reinforces our existing product preferences; tries to create new product preferences
A set of multiple symbolic behaviors that occur in a fixed sequence and tend to be repeated is called a _____________.
ritual
Wedding rice, birthday candles, and diplomas are considered ________________.
ritual artifacts
Immigrants to the United States who exhibit __________ tend to live and shop in places separated from mainstream Anglo consumers.
segregation
______________ argue(s) that each of us has several "selves that relate to groups."
social identity theory
When a Rolls-Royce, a cartier diamond, and an andy warhol painting are bought and displayed as markers of social class, they are ______________.
status symbols
A ______________ is defined as a group whose members share beliefs and common experiences that set them apart from others.
subculture
Meagan is planning her wedding and wants everything to be just right. Because he feels overwhelmed by all of the information to sort through and the choices to make, she hires a wedding planner to make many of the decisions and purchases for her. Meagan's wedding planner is best described as an ____________________/
surrogate consumer
