MKT204

71) Measuring elevator populations in countries measured as units installed per thousand people gives an estimate of the market for elevators. That China has about one-half an elevator per thousand people is indicative of: A) low product saturation level. B) high product saturation level. C) high population level. D) high technological level. E) low technological level

a

73) To speed adoption of a new product, a marketing team should: A) ensure that features and benefits can be communicated or demonstrated. B) design the maximum amount of complexity into the product. C) discourage limited use on a "trial" basis. D) attempt to make a clean break with existing customer values. E) rely heavily on word-of-mouth marketing.

a

73) When a country like China is experiencing rapid economic growth, policymakers are likely to: A) look more favorably on outsiders. B) look less favorably on outsiders. C) experience more resistance toward outsiders. D) feel threatened by outsiders. E) none of the above

a

76) "Successful GSPs create win-win situations, where participants pursue objectives on the basis of mutual advantage." When applied to global strategic partnerships, this statement indicates the importance of which factor? A) mission B) strategy C) governance D) culture E) organization

a

77) According to a 1991 report by McKinsey & Co., problems of alliances between Western and Japanese firms were related to all of the following factors except: A) objective levels of performance. B) a feeling of mutual disillusionment. C) difference in expectations. D) balance between partners. E) frictional loss.

a

80) To the extent that a country sells more goods and services abroad than it buys, there will be: A) a greater demand for its currency. B) a surplus production of goods and services. C) a scarcity of goods and services within the country. D) a need for revaluation of its currency. E) time for fluctuating its currency.

a

81) The top global merchandise exporter is: A) China. B) Germany. C) the United States. D) Japan. E) Korea.

a

82) Which of the following offers a company the best assurance of being paid for exported goods? A) a letter of credit B) a "piggyback" arrangement C) a swap D) an in-house export organization E) a certified check

a

83) The international standard by which letters of credit (L/Cs) are interpreted is known as the ________ 500. A) UCP B) NTR C) FSC D) NTB E) HTS

a

84) Which of the following documents represents title to goods in an export transaction? A) bill of lading B) invoice C) packing list D) certificate of origin E) insurance certificates

a

85) Anheuser-Busch, the brewer of Budweiser beer, lost its independence after years of focusing primarily on the domestic U.S. market. This is most likely a result of: A) management myopia. B) national controls. C) opposition to globalization. D) newcomers from emerging markets. E) organizational culture.

a

85) Which of the following is arranged starting with the highest level of environmental sensitivity and ending with the lowest level? A) food→computers→integrated circuits B) integrated circuits→food→computers C) integrated circuits→computers→food D) computers→food→integrated circuits E) none of the above

a

86) The ________ the level of environmental sensitivity for a given product, the ________ the need for managers to address country-specific economic, regulatory, technological, social, and cultural environmental conditions. A) greater; greater B) lower; greater C) greater; lower D) lower; lower E) stronger; greater

a

9) One challenge of using CRM is: A) integrating data into customer relationship. B) knowing amount paid by consumers in different countries. C) understanding which customers are most valuable. D) assessing the use of credit cards for payment. E) knowing the use of laptop computers by customers.

a

) One of the advantages of licensing is: A) licensees have limited control. B) licensees have considerable autonomy. C) license agreements have short life. D) licensees can develop similar products. E) licensees have considerable leverage.

b

) Starbucks entered India via an alliance with the Tata Group. They are sourcing coffee beans in India and marketing them at Starbucks stores throughout the world. This is an example of: A) Market Penetration. B) Market Development. C) Market Diversification. D) Product Development. E) Regular Marketing.

b

) Which of the following can be defined as a business philosophy that values two-way communication between a company and individual customers? A) ECR B) CRM C) EDI D) EPOS E) BOLD

b

10) After Fidel Castro took power in Cuba in 1959, his government seized control of American property without paying compensation. Coca-Cola, DuPont, Texaco, and dozens of other American companies have filed claims against Cuba seeking financial settlements. Which of the following terms most specifically describes the action Castro took against these companies? A) nationalization B) confiscation C) expropriation D) internationalization E) deportation

b

100) The strategy that identifies a brand as a symbol of a particular global segment is known as: A) foreign consumer culture positioning. B) global consumer culture positioning. C) local consumer culture positioning. D) global market positioning. E) demographic market positioning.

b

102) Governmental actions that discourage imports and block markets include all of the following except: A) tariffs. B) free trade zones C) subsidies. D) tax incentives. E) duties.

b

104) In an effort to attract assembly operations, Brazil allows certain product components to be imported at reduced tariff rates. This is an example of: A) offsets. B) preferential tariffs. C) the effect of the Customs Valuation Code. D) an EMC. E) discriminatory procurement.

b

108) Officially, the EU tariffs on Chinese and Vietnamese shoe imports are known as: A) countervailing duties. B) antidumping duties. C) specific duties. D) ad valorem duties. E) temporary surcharges

b

11) A global segment is referred to as "global elite," which includes: A) people between the ages of 12 and 19. B) affluent, well-traveled persons. C) the graying population. D) technology professionals. E) persons having power

b

11) Anheuser-Busch and Miller Brewing both experienced market failures in the United Kingdom when they used the phrase "light beer" which was misinterpreted as: A) being low in calories. B) having reduced alcohol levels. C) having light color. D) having less quality. E) having less quantity.

b

12) The agreements that allow McDonald's franchisees around the globe to use McDonald's trademarked name and menu items represent, in essence, which form of market entry? A) joint ventures B) franchising C) 100% ownership D) exporting E) acquisition

b

66) The introduction of the euro by EU resulted in multifaceted advantages which include: A) elimination of costs associated with currency conversion. B) fixed exchange rate worldwide. C) elimination of paper currency and coins. D) withdrawal of French Francs from circulation. E) a choice for using local or European currency.

a

68) Which of the following can be referred to as a "buyer for export" or an "export commission house" and operates on behalf of a buyer from a foreign country? A) foreign purchasing agent B) export broker C) export merchant D) export management company E) freight forwarder

a

69) A type of advantage that a global company possesses by virtue of the fact that it has experience in more than one country is referred to as: A) Leverage. B) Transferability. C) Flexibility. D) Capability. E) Accountability.

a

QN=68 Marketing that involves creating the same marketing mix for a broad mass market of potential buyers is referred to as: a. differentiated target marketing. b. standardized global marketing. c. concentrated global marketing. d. competitive global marketing. e. target benefit marketing.

b

QN=56 Which of the following is not true of secondary data about global markets? a. It was not gathered specifically for the research project at hand. b. It is often so expensive that small companies can't afford to use it. c. It can be accessed quickly. d. A great deal is available from government agencies. e. It cannot be retrieved online.

b

14) Colgate discovered that in Spanish colgate is a verb form that means "go hang yourself." Whirlpool found that consumers in Italy, France, and Germany had trouble pronouncing the name. These are examples which show the importance of ________ in global marketing. A) syntax and morphology B) phonology and morphology C) syntax and semantics D) semantics and phonology E) semantics and morphology

b

14) The essence of marketing worldwide is to surpass the competition in creating perceived value, which can be represented as /The marketing mix is integral to the value equation which is represented by A) Value = Price/Benefits. B) Value = Benefits/Price. C) Value = Benefits × Price. D) Value = Benefits - Price. E) Value = Benefits + Price.

b

2) Despite the positive publicity, the phrases used to describe the arbitrary exercise of state power in Russia include all of the following except: A) state capitalism. B) political culture. C) renationalization. D) kleptocracy. E) managed democracy.

b

2) For Walt Disney Company, the best mode for going global is by: A) joint ventures. B) licensing. C) 100-percent ownership. D) exporting. E) franchising.

b

QN=72 ________ is the most important aspect of a company's international orientation. a. Experience b. Commitment c. Dynamism d. Confidence e. Belief

b

QN=73 The top ranked country among those exporting to the United States is: a. Taiwan b. China c. Mexico d. India e. Honduras

b

QN=76 Which of the following receives a fee for bringing together an exporter and a buyer in another country? a. foreign purchasing agent b. export broker c. export merchant d. export management company e. freight forwarder

b

QN=77 An irrevocable (k thể thu hồi) letter of credit transfers the payment obligation for an export deal from the buyer to the buyer's: a. in-house export organization. b. bank c. freight forwarder. d. credit union. e. checking account.

b

25) Representatives of the apparel, footwear, furniture, and textile industries in many countries are deeply concerned about the impact that increased trade with ________ will have on these sectors. A) Hong Kong B) China C) Italy D) India E) Bangladesh

b

26) Blackberry (formerly known as Research in Motion), the smartphone marketer, is based in: A) Mexico. B) Canada. C) Brazil. D) Argentina. E) The Netherlands.

b

26) The so-called "China Triangle" includes: A) Hong Kong, Republic of China, and Singapore B) Republic of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong C) Republic of China, Taiwan, and South Korea D) Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Republic of China E) Singapore, China, and Republic of China

b

QN=79 Governmental actions that discourage imports and block markets include all of the following except: a. tariffs b. free trade zones c. subsidies d. tax incentives e. duties

b

QN=80 Officially, the EU tariffs on Chinese and Vietnamese shoe imports are known as: a. countervailing duties. b. antidumping duties. c. specific duties. d. ad valorem duties. e. temporary surcharges.

b

39) The Russian market for imported premium vehicles is exploding as the number of households that can afford luxury products exhibit rapid growth. The luxury cars include all of the following except: A) Porsche. B) Lexus. C) BMW. D) Rolls-Royce. E) Infiniti.

b

54) The power distance dimension reflects the degree of trust among members of society. Thus, the higher the power distance (PDI) the: A) greater is uncertainty avoidance. B) lower is the level of trust. C) higher is tolerance for ambiguity. D) greater is male dominance. E) lower is the harmony.

b

94) In the post-September 11 business environment in the United States, imports have come under increased security. One of the initiatives taken in the interest of national security is: A) NAFTA. B) C-TPAT. C) WTO. D) NTB. E) FSC.

b

QN=1 The best-selling smartphone in China is marketed by: a. Samsung b. Xiaomi c Apple d. Mitsubishi e. Android

b

QN=25 The country that withdrew from the original members of the Andean Community is (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru) a. Bolivia b. Chile c. Ecuador d. Peru e. Venezuela

b

QN=29 The Maastricht Treaty called for a. the creation of an Asia Free Trade Area (AFTA) b. the creation of an economic and monetary union in Europe c. Chile's acceptance into Mercosur d. the purchase of CDs and tapes from distributors in Europe e. the creation of the seven-nation European Free Trade Association (EFTA)

b

QN=30 The new country which joined the EU at the beginning of 2015 is a. Slovakia b. Lithuania c. Latvia d. Slovenia e. Cyprus

b

QN=35 In high-context cultures, time is a. monochronic b. Polychromic (thời gian đa tuyến) làm nhiều việc cùng 1 lúc c. linear d. short e. common

b

QN=41 Categories of political risk listed by EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit) include all of the following except: a. war. b. political turmoil.(rối loạn) c. bureaucracy. d. corruption. e. crime.

b

QN=5 A fundamental difference between regular marketing and global marketing is the: a. lack of marketing mix b. scope of activities. c lack of strategic planning d. focus on resources e. lack of communication

b

QN=53 The first step in formulating and conducting research is to: a. define the problem. b. collect information. c. select unit of analysis. d. examine data availability. e. design research.

b

QN=83 Which statement is true? a. Franchising is not another variation of licensing strategy b. A franchise is a contract that allow the franchisee to operate the business in return for a fee and adherence. c. Franchising harms the parents company/franchiser d. Franchising is a market-entry strategy that is executed with more localization than licensing e. None of the above

b

QN=89 Which of these is not an Airline brand. a. Boeing b. Hewlett-Packard c. British Airway d. Siemens e. TNT

b

QN=90 Second Strategy in Market Expansion Strategies is a. Country concentration and market diversification b. Country and market concentration c. Country diversification and market concentration d. Country and market diversification e. None of the above

b

) An ________ is a company's private data network, accessible only by authorized persons inside the organization. A) EDI B) Internet C) intranet D) EPOS E) ECR

c

) Trade ministers representing the WTO member nations meet ________ to work on improving world trade. A) weekly B) monthly C) annually D) biannually E) fortnightly

c

10) Direct sensory perception provides a vital background for the information that comes from human and documentary sources since: A) it provides secondhand information. B) it is easy and the most economical way of collecting data. C) it means firsthand seeing, feeling, hearing, smelling, and tasting. D) it involves reading and reviewing documents. E) top executives are involved in getting firsthand information.

c

10) Linguists have divided the study of languages into four main areas. The system of word formation is referred to as: A) syntax. B) phonology. C) morphology. D) semantics. E) semiotics.

c

10) The concentration of income in the high-income and large-population countries means that a company can be "global" by targeting buyers in: A) just 50 countries. B) just 20 countries. C) just 10 or fewer countries. D) just 30 countries. E) none of the above

c

105) The chief executives of Swiss Swatch Group and Japanese Canon would like to: A) outsource all of the manufacturing units overseas in order to save money. B) outsource a majority of the manufacturing functions overseas. C) retain a majority, if not all, of the manufacturing in their home country. D) establish "call centers" in developing countries in order to save labor costs. E) outsource a full line of new products only.

c

106) If the dollar, the yen, or the euro becomes seriously overvalued, a company with a production capacity in other locations can achieve competitive advantage by: A) buying different currencies before major fluctuations take place. B) conducting transactions in different currencies of the world. C) shifting production among different sites. D) cutting down production and waiting until the currency rate is reasonable. E) reducing production and labor force simultaneously.

c

30) Several years ago, the D'arcy Massius Benton & Bowles (DMBB) agency created psychographic profiles for several countries and regions." Which region did the survey specifically focused on? A) Asia B) America C) Europe D) Australia E) Far East

c

30) The former chairman of Nestlé recently told an interviewer: "We are food and beverages. We are not running bicycle shops. Even in food, we are not in all fields. There are certain areas we do not touch. Also, we have no soft drinks because I have said we either buy Coca-Cola or we leave it alone." What strategic marketing principle does the chairman's comment emphasize most specifically? A) customer value B) competitive advantage C) focus D) myopia E) policy of dealing only with Swiss businesses

c

43) Counterfeiting is: A) the use of a formal legal document for illegal purposes. B) the ownership of a written, recorded, performed or filmed creative work. C) the unauthorized copying or production of a product. D) the use of a product name that has different meaning than the original brand. E) the use of a distinctive mark of a brand that is no longer producing the original brand

c

45) Tata Motors (India) acquired the following auto company: A) Volkswagen AG (Germany). B) Volvo (Sweden). C) Jaguar (UK). D) Toyota (Japan). E) Hyundai (South Korea).

c

47) Product and market opportunities in a postindustrial society are more heavily dependent upon new products and innovations than in industrial societies. An example of this would be: A) Nestlé marketing Bono brand cookies in Brazil. B) Coca-Cola Company developing a beverage Vintago in low-income countries. C) New e-commerce markets for interactive forms of electronic communication. D) Hermes creating handbags called Amazonia. E) India's Suzlon Energy using wind-driven turbines.

c

49) Sweden applies a system to certain categories of imported agricultural products referred to as: A) temporary surcharges. B) ad valorem duty. C) variable import levies. D) specific duty. E) countervailing duty.

c

5) Cultural influences are also quite apparent in food preparation and consumption patterns and habits. Domino's Pizza, the world's largest pizza-delivery company, pulled out of Italy because: A) its tomato sauce was too bold and competed with Italian products. B) people did not like to eat at home. C) Italians perceived its products to be "too American." D) Italians wanted more toppings on thick crust. E) Italians did not like anyone else to use the name "pizza."

c

5) The advantages of a market visit include all of the following except: A) confirm market potential. B) contradict market potential. C) gain confidence in firm's ability for exporting. D) gather additional data to reach final decision. E) build confidence in firm's ability for exporting

c

5) ________ represents a market entry strategy whereby one company permits a foreign company to make use of its patents, know-how, technology, company name, or other intangible assets in return for a royalty payment. A) A joint venture B) One-hundred-percent ownership C) Licensing D) Exporting E) A Global strategic alliance

c

71) Pfizer, Merck, Novartis, and other pharmaceutical companies have little choice but to engage in global marketing since: A) there is little demand for their products in home countries. B) their research centers are located overseas. C) no single market is large enough to recover costs incurred in research. D) there is more demand overseas for their products. E) technology is not available in home countries.

c

71) Which of the following can negatively influence the rate of diffusion of an innovation? A) substantial relative advantage B) high compatibility C) high complexity D) divisibility E) high level of communicability

c

72) The enlargement of the EU has impacted marketing strategies in the Eurozone countries by: A) making it difficult to export food products from one country to another. B) increasing the cost of production since the euro replaced local currency. C) shifting products from one market to another in the event of shortages. D) reduced tariffs and quotas for products imported from non-EU members. E) having less flexibility in the placement of factories.

c

73) An attribute which does not represent true global partnership is: A) achieving world leadership by differentiation. B) achieving a reciprocal relationship. C) relationship is organized vertical lines. D) continual transfer of resources. E) retaining national identities

c

73) The markets of Central and Eastern Europe present interesting opportunities and offer attractive opportunities for low-cost manufacturing due to: A) their location being close to the sea. B) the cultural similarities. C) wage rates being lower than in Spain, Portugal and Greece. D) strict laws and regulations. E) prohibitive tariffs and export restrictions.

c

QN=82 Disney licenses trademarked____________ to producers of clothing,toys and waches for sale throughout the world a. Cartoon characters, camera licenses, logos b. Cartoon characters, names and logos c. Camera licenses,names,logo d. Names,Cartoon characters, camera licenses e. Logos,camera licenses,names,cartoon characters

b

43) Which of the following correctly reflects marketing expert David Arnold's recommendations for companies engaged in global market research? A) use multiple indicators B) develop customized measures specific to an industry or product C) conduct comparative assessments in neighboring countries D) observation should be weighted more heavily than statements of purchase intention E) all of the above

e

60) Basic criteria that marketers should keep in mind while assessing opportunities in global markets include all of the following except: A) current size of the market segment. B) anticipated growth potential of the market. C) compatibility with company's overall objectives. D) competition in the market. E) securing first mover advantage.

e

78) The fastest-growing sector of world trade includes: A) travel and entertainment. B) accounting and legal services. C) royalties and license fees. D) engineering services. E) all of the above

e

78) The success of CFM International (the strategic partnership between GE and Snecma) can be attributed to which of the following? A) compatibility of the partners B) capability of the partners C) commitment of the partners D) personal chemistry between executives E) all of the above

e

79) Both Nestlé and Cadbury determined that a liquid chocolate confection would be one way to address the issue of India's hot weather. This is an example of: A) differentiated target marketing. B) standardized global marketing. C) competitive global marketing. D) target benefit marketing. E) product-market decision

e

QN=65 Which of the following criteria should marketers use when assessing opportunity in global target markets? a. current size of the segment b. anticipated growth potential c. competition d. compatibility with company's overall objectives e. all of the above

e

QN=66 Managers must decide how well a company's product fits the country market by asking all of the following questions except: a. Will adaptation be required? b. Will import restriction drive up the product price? c. Is it advisable to source locally? d. Will strong home currency have an adverse impact on product price? e. Will it be possible to neglect home-country regulations?

e

QN=67 Companies like Coca-Cola had the first-mover advantage since they were the first company to enter a global market. The first-mover advantages include all of the following except: a. best chance of becoming world leader. b. advantage in adapting to the local culture. c. lead in advertising and promotion exposure. d. gain business experience. e. substantial investments in marketing.

e

QN=74 Governments commonly use activities to support and encourage firms that engage in exporting. Such activities include all of the following except: a. tax incentives. b. subsidies c. export assistance. d. free trade zones. e. voting rights.

e

40) Marketers must be aware of the impact of SRC and other cultural assumptions since: A) it can have several positive effects on market planning. B) it enhances management's willingness to pursue market research. C) it can help ensure that the research effort is designed with minimal home-country bias. D) it can help ensure that the research effort is designed with minimal second-country bias. E) All of the above are correct.

e

QN=84 Joint venture with a local partner represents a a. Less extensive form of participation in foreign market b. More extensive form of participation in foreign market c. Similar extensive form of participation in foreign market d. Less or more extensive form of participation in foreign market based on location e. None of the a bove

s

89) Coca-Cola billboards were recently put up near the Piazza San Marco in Venice, which has numerous historical landmarks. The major reason for allowing the billboards at a prominent historical site is: A) Coke is a very popular drink in Italy. B) to introduce an American product in an emerging market. C) a severe lack of funds for historic renovation. D) aesthetic reasons. E) the prominence of global marketing

c

9) Ericsson, IKEA, Saab, and other companies based in Sweden have looked beyond their borders for significant growth market because: A) Sweden has high total annual income. B) Sweden has low total annual income. C) Sweden has a fairly small population. D) Sweden is land locked geographically. E) Sweden has relaxed export policies

c

42) All of the following correctly states McDonald's approach to standardization and adaptation of the marketing mix except: A) McDonald's standardizes some product elements and adapts others. B) McDonald's standardizes some place elements and adapts others. C) McDonald's standardizes some promotion elements and adapts others. D) McDonald's standardizes some price elements and adapts others. E) McDonald's standardizes all product elements.

e

55) Global automakers are targeting the U.S. market with SUVs. All of the following SUVs are assembled or manufactured in the listed country except: A) Porsche in Germany. B) Honda in Japan. C) Volkswagen in Slovakia. D) Kia in India. E) Mercedes-Benz in the United States.

d

43) Nike produces only a small portion of its output in China, but when the firm refers to China as a "two-billion-foot market," it is referring to the fact that: A) the Chinese do not wear shoes. B) the Chinese shoe market is very competitive. C) China can develop its own shoe market. D) it will take a long time for China to develop future market. E) China is a potential future market.

e

QN=47 Islamic law is a comprehensive code based in part on: a. Anglo-Saxon common law. b. Roman law and the Napoleonic Code. c. the Uniform Commercial Code. d. the Koran. e. the French Civil Code.

d

QN=57 Predicting economic and income growth rates is particularly important when researching which type of market? a. existing markets b. latent markets c. parallel markets d. incipient markets (bắt đầu) e. local markets

d

QN=71 The only marketing mix element that is applicable in export selling is: a. price b. product c. promotion d. place e. process

d

QN=78 Which of the following methods of financing would be used if the exporting and importing parties had a strong, long-standing relationship? a. documentary credit (letter of credit) b. documentary collection c. cash in advance d. sales on open account e. bank draft

d

1) In 2014, the EU filed a complaint that the government of Washington state violated international trade rules by: A) charging that cotton subsidies depressed prices and disadvantaged producers in emerging markets. B) prohibiting Internet gambling, the United States was violating global trade agreements. C) imposing 30 percent tariffs on a range of steel imports for a period of three years. D) imposing tariffs on a range of products imported from Brazil. E) extending tax incentives to Boeing for in-state manufacture of the 777x jetliner.

e

1) Japan is Coach's second largest market, representing about 20% of global sales. All of the following statements are true regarding the market for Coach's products compared to that in America except: A) Japanese consumers are enormously brand-centric. B) Japanese consumers are not as brand loyal as American consumers. C) American women tend to carry two or three brands while their Japanese counterparts tend to carry as many as five. D) The company's $500 handbags are especially popular with young women. E) Coach has to work on improving its brand image

e

1) The trend showing popularity of ethnic or regional foods such as sushi, falafel, or pizza worldwide is referred to as the ________, which provides an opportunity for marketers to pursue one or more segments on a global scale. A) segmentation of markets B) popularity of segmentation C) promotion of products and services D) identification of consumers E) pluralization of consumption

e

1) Which of the following statements does not reflect the changes that have taken place in Russia? A) Russian shoppers spend billions each year on luxury goods, tourism, and foreign real estate. B) Affluent Russians can shop at boutiques that offer Versace, Burberry, Bulgari, and other exclusive brands. C) The Kremlin limits foreign investment in strategic industries such as oil. D) In March 2014, Putin angered the West by annexing Crimea, a region that had been considered part of Ukraine. E) Faced with a financial crisis and a test of his political will, Putin responded by blaming the protestors for Russia's problems.

e

100) ________ is an independent marketing intermediary that acts as the export department for two or more manufacturers whose product lines do not compete with each other. A) Export commission B) Manufacturer's export agent C) Cooperative exporter D) Freight forwarders E) Export Management Company

e

101) Which of the following establishes classification numbers that must be used by importers and exporters? A) NTR B) CVD C) FSC D) NTB E) HTS

e

107) A number of explanations have been offered for the low level of U.S. exports relative to other countries. All of the following can be considered as reasons for low level of exports except: A) limited ambition by many American business owners. B) lack of knowledge of market opportunities abroad. C) perceived lack of necessary resources. D) marketing to home-country users is easier than exporting. E) a strong U.S. dollar translates into less affordable prices in export markets.

e

12) In 2013, the 10 most populous countries in the world accounted for just over ________ percent of the world income. A) 20 B) 30 C) 40 D) 50 E) 60

e

18) Singapore banned the import, manufacture, and sales of chewing gum in the country since wads of gum were making a mess on sidewalks, buses, and subway trains. Violators are subject to severe penalties, and before buying a pack consumers must register their names and addresses. This, according to author William Greider, demonstrates that Singapore's government: A) is harshly autocratic. B) administers a paranoid control over Singaporeans. C) administers a paranoid (hoang tưởng) control over press and politics. D) runs an effective welfare state. E) all of the above

e

2) The efforts of global companies to reach low-income consumers in emerging markets highlight the importance of skillful global market segmentation and targeting. Market segmentation represents: A) targeting prospective customers. B) finding customers who can respond to advertisement. C) promoting products and services internationally. D) identifying customers who can help in promoting products. E) identifying customers based on common characteristics.

e

2) The music industry's use of big data shows how information about buyer behavior and the overall business environment is vital to effective managerial decision making. All of the factors listed below facilitate decision making for music industry except: A) Musicians can interact with fans via social networks. B) Big data allows record executives and band managers to find patterns and discern market trends. C) Big data allows executives to see what factors "move the needle" across a variety of metrics. D) Data analytics permit record company executives to overlay information about an artist's appearance on a TV show. E) Big data helps in increasing revenues from paid downloads.

e

2) Which of the following is not true about a personal visit to size up the market firsthand and begin the development of an actual export-marketing program? A) Confirm assumptions regarding market potential B) Contradict assumptions regarding market potential C) Gather additional data to help make decisions D) Develop a marketing plan in cooperation with local agents E) Arrange a face-to-face meeting and avoid going to trade shows

e

20) In the study entitled "The Euroconsumer: Marketing Myth or Cultural Certainty?" researchers identified four lifestyle groups. The group that represents mainstream European consumers was labeled as: A) Successful Idealists. B) Affluent Materialists. C) Young Professionals. D) Trendy Teens. E) Disaffected Survivors.

e

24) Which of the following environmental factors may require marketers to adjust their approach to conducting international as opposed to domestic marketing research? A) Researchers must be prepared for new parameters of doing business. B) Company personnel must come to grips with a new set of culture-based assumptions about conducting business. C) Research may help reduce psychological overload. D) Researchers may have to broaden the definition of competitors to include competitive pressures not present in the domestic market. E) All of the above

e

27) What happens if a nation has allowed a case against it to be brought before the ICJ (International Court of Justice) and then refuses to accept a judgment against it? A) American Arbitration Association can be sought for justice. B) UN Conference on International Trade Law can be approached. C) International Chamber of Commerce will be another source for seeking justice. D) European Court of Justice can be approached if the country is in the European Union. E) The plaintiff nation can seek recourse through the UN Security Council.

e

29) The Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) has helped devise (nghĩ ra) export strategies for companies in: A) Singapore. B) South Korea. C) Taiwan. D) Hong Kong. E) Japan.

e

3) Export marketing requires all of the following except: A) an understanding of the target market environment. B) the use of marketing research. C) identification of market potential. D) decisions concerning product design. E) reaching retail customers.

e

30) The four tigers-Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong-learned from the ________ experience and built strong export-based economies of their own. A) Chinese B) Indian C) German D) American E) Japanese

e

32) Procter & Gamble has identified a group of consumers in Europe who are willing to pay premium prices for pet food that will improve the health of their pets. This is an example of ________ segmentation. A) demographic B) psychographic C) ethnic D) behavioral E) benefit

e

32) The five original members of the Central American Integration System did not include: A) El Salvador. B) Honduras. C) Guatemala. D) Nicaragua. E) Venezuela

e

33) Among the upper-middle-income countries, also known as industrializing or developing countries, the following aspects are observed except: A) the CNI capita ranges from $4,126 to $12,475. B) the percentage of the population engaged in agriculture drops sharply. C) people move to the industrial sector. D) the degree of urbanization increases. E) none of the above

e

34) Anyone undertaking a market research project should understand that the first step is: A) setting the budget. B) determining the methodology to use. C) deciding who will see the final report. D) defining the problem. E) determining the information requirement

e

34) The general characteristics shared by low-income countries do not include: A) high birth rates. B) low literacy rates. C) concentration in Africa south of the Sahara. D) heavy reliance on foreign aid. E) lack of genuine market opportunities.

e

35) All of the following facts pertain to Brazil except: A) It is the largest country in Latin America. B) It boasts the richest reserves of natural resources in the hemisphere. C) It's top trading partner is China. D) It's GNI has grown at an average annual rate of 4 percent over the past 8 years. E) It lacks logistics software, horse-drawn carts are still a common sight on many roads.

e

36) A nontariff barrier (NTB) includes all of the following except: A) quotas. B) discriminatory procurement policies. C) restrictive administrative policies. D) restrictive technical regulations. E) ad valorem duty.

e

36) All of the following facts pertain to China except: A) China is in the upper-middle-income category. B) China is the largest single destination for foreign investment in the developing world. C) China is a member of the World Trade Organization. D) China has sprawling bureaucracy. E) China has intellectual property rights.

e

36) The unit of analysis can be a single country or region; however, for all market-entry decisions ________ data are not required. A) specific city B) statewide C) provincial D) district wise E) country wide

e

39) The United Nations designates 50 countries in the bottom ranks of the low-income category named as: A) Low-income countries. B) Lower-middle-income countries. C) BRIC countries. D) Developing countries. E) LDCs (least-developed countries).

e

4) After the research effort has zeroed in on potential markets, marketers should: A) work on understanding the target market environment. B) modify methods used for marketing research. C) identify products that can be marketed. D) make decisions concerning product design. E) plan a personal visit.

e

4) Licensing as a market entry mode has several disadvantages and opportunity costs, which does not include: A) limited market control. B) agreement may have short life. C) leveraging and exploiting by licensee. D) similar product or technology development by licensee. E) adaptations by licensee to fit local tastes.

e

40) In a recent case, Revlon sued United Overseas Limited (UOL) in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York for breach of contract. UOL countered by asking the court to dismiss the claim since they are not operating in that area. Revlon cited the presence of a UOL sign above the entrance to the offices of a New York company in which UOL had a 50-percent ownership. The court dismissed UOL's claim. This is an issue related to : A) jurisdiction. B) antitrust. C) dilution of equity. D) bribery and corruption. E) intellectual property

a

34) McDonald's restaurants in France do not look like McDonald's elsewhere. This is an example of: A) think locally and act globally. B) think globally and act locally. C) diversification. D) standardization E) adaptation

a

40) Upper-middle-income countries are also known as: A) Industrializing countries. B) BRIC countries. C) Stabilized countries. D) Manufacturing countries. E) Agricultural countries.

a

36) One of the most exciting projects in the Central American region in 2014 was: A) the enlargement of the Panama Canal. B) Central America's effort to revive its common market. C) the five original members' decision to reestablish the CACM. D) the establishment of Guatemala as region's headquarter. E) the Free Trade Agreement with the United States.

a

37) The U.S. government's most comprehensive source of world trade data is: A) National Trade Data Base (NTDB). B) Census Bureau. C) Bureau of Economic Analysis. D) Eurostat. E) Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

a

38) According to the Global Market Research Reports, data for Chinese markets are available for: A) cosmetics. B) online music. C) whiskies. D) luxury goods. E) pharmaceutical.

a

41) A formal legal document that gives an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, and sell an invention for a specified period of time is known as a: A) patent. B) copyright. C) trademark. D) trade secret. E) trade dress.

a

94) Another perspective on the future of cooperative strategies envisions the emergence of: A) mergers and acquisition. B) virtual corporations. C) franchising. D) joint ventures. E) keiretsu.

b

100) Saab markets two luxury car models, both prized by drivers for their "quirkiness." About 30 percent of Saab's sales come from the USA, with most of the rest from Western Europe. Which strategy does Saab appear to be using? A) country concentration/market segment concentration B) country diversification/market segment concentration C) country concentration/market segment diversification D) country diversification/market segment diversification E) none of the above

a

13) In China, Dell had to find a meaningful interpretation of "direct sales." A literal translation results in zhi xiao which is the Chinese term for "illegal pyramid marketing schemes." To counteract the negative connotation, Dell's sales representatives began using the phrase zhi xiao ding gou, which translates as: A) direct orders. B) direct marketing. C) pyramid orders. D) pyramid scheme. E) direct shipping

a

14) A Canadian-built Caterpillar grader tractor imported into Chile would not be subject to duty because: A) Chile and Canada established an FTA. B) tractors made in Canada are more durable. C) tractors made in Canada do not require certification. D) locally made tractors are more expensive in Chile.

a

16) A global segment is referred to as "global teens" which includes: A) people with shared interest in fashions. B) affluent, well-traveled persons. C) movie stars. D) technology professionals. E) persons having power

a

2) Suppose you have a friend from India who is a lifelong vegetarian and who does not like McDonald's because the company sells hamburgers in many countries. Which of the following describes your friend? A) "vegetarianism" represents a value, "dislike McDonald's" represents an attitude B) "vegetarianism" represents an attitude, "dislike McDonald's" represents a value C) "vegetarianism" and "dislike McDonald's" both represent an attitude D) "vegetarianism" represents a value, "dislike McDonald's" represents a belief E) "vegetarianism" and "dislike McDonald's" both represent values

a

23) ________ is gaining a reputation as a manufacturing center as well as the world's number one producer of flat-screen TV sets. A) Mexico B) Canada C) Brazil D) Panama E) Argentina

a

24) Custom unions or a common market does not create a free trade area as compared to NAFTA due to: A) no common external tariffs. B) decreased production costs. C) reduced competition. D) ease of exporting commodities. E) creation of a continental demand

a

3) Any company doing business outside the home country should first carefully study the ________ in the target country. A) political culture B) nationalization C) political risk D) jurisdiction E) sovereignty

a

30) In West Africa, Burkina Faso, the Ivory Coast and Senegal are former French colonies, while Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Ghana are former British colonies. Based on this information, which of the following would be correct? A) Burkina Faso, the Ivory Coast and Senegal are civil-code countries, while Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Ghana are common-law countries. B) Burkina Faso, the Ivory Coast and Senegal are common-law countries, while Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Ghana are civil-code countries. C) West Africa, the Ivory Coast and Senegal are the only common-law countries. D) All the West African nations mentioned are likely to be civil-code countries. E) All the West African nations mentioned are likely to be common-law countries.

a

33) Which of the following lists some of the steps in the market research process in the correct order? A) determine information requirement→problem definition→choose unit of analysis→examine data availability→assess value of research B) problem definition→assess value of research→determine information requirement→choose unit of analysis→examine data availability C) examine data availability→problem definition→choose unit of analysis→assess value of research→determine information requirement D) choose unit of analysis→assess value of research→problem definition→determine information requirement→examine data availability E) examine data availability→assess the value of research→problem definition→presentation

a

41) McDonald's serves McAloo Tikki Burger in India, McRice Burger in Malaysia, McOZ Burger in Australia, Kiwi Burger in New Zealand, and McHuevo Burger in Uruguay and McSamurai Burger in Thailand. These menu variations are examples of a: A) combination of global and local marketing mix elements. B) reflection of failure of U.S. menu items in those countries. C) deviation from successful marketing practices. D) replacement of standard menu names with fancy names. E) selection of menu items that can be sold eventually in U.S. markets.

a

42) Engineers at a company in a developing country study an American computer chip design, copy it, and produce identical chips that are then sold to local computer makers. What form of intellectual property has been wrongly appropriated? A) patent B) copyright C) trademark D) trade secrets E) technological

a

42) Ford and Mazda have market entry and expansion in a relationship known as: A) joint venture. B) licensorship. C) franchising. D) contract manufacturing. E) none of the above

a

45) Insisting on competitive bidding can cause complications in: A) low-context cultures B) high-context cultures. C) low and high context cultures. D) Korean cultures. E) Japanese cultures

a

46) The decision by Toyota executives to introduce the Sienna minivan in the U.S. market was based on their study of a(n) ________ market. A) existing B) latent C) parallel D) incipient E) global

a

49) Companies such as Caterpillar have been unable to protect critical innovations in Japan because:. A) products very similar to those made by U.S. companies can be patented without fear of infringement. B) the Japanese government enforces strict control over infringement rights for security reasons. C) inventions that are based on software can be easily downloaded. D) U.S. patent laws now harmonize with those in the EU as well as Japan. E) patents in Japan are broader than those in the United States.

a

5) Global marketing authority, Theodore Levitt, has noted that many ethnic and regional foods-sushi, for example-are enjoying popularity in many countries of the world. This observation is known as the: A) pluralization of consumption. B) ethnicitization of consumption. C) democratization of consumption. D) sophistication of consumption. E) domestication of consumption.

a

51) When a trained person is recording the items selected in a grocery cart or basket, the research method is known as: A) observation. B) survey research. C) focus study. D) secondary data collection. E) personal interviews.

a

52) According to Hofstede, a cultural dimension which describes a society in which the social roles of men and women overlap, with neither gender exhibiting overly ambitious or competitive behavior is known as: A) nurturing B) individualistic C) collectivistic D) power distance E) achievement

a

54) The largest single market in the world in terms of national income is the United States representing roughly ________ of the total world market for all products and services. A) 25% B) 35% C) 55% D) 65% E) 75%

a

54) When the Coca-Cola Company convened focus groups in Europe and Asia to assess potential market acceptance of a contoured aluminum soft drink can, it was attempting to collect ________ data. A) primary B) secondary C) incipient D) quantitative E) MIS

a

55) Which of the following statements is correct? A) The Paris Convention protects patents, the Berne Convention protects copyrights. B) The Paris Convention protects copyrights, the Berne Convention protects patents. C) The Berne Convention and Paris Convention are different names for the same thing. D) Neither the Berne Convention nor the Paris Convention is concerned with intellectual property. E) The International Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Property is different from the Berne Convention.

a

56) An example of a trap that marketers can set for themselves while targeting a foreign market is to: A) overstate the size and short-term attractiveness of individual country markets. B) realize that short-term profit and revenue growth objectives may be hard to achieve. C) restrain from being persistent to enter a country market. D) ignore shareholders' or competitors' pressure not to "miss out" on a strategic opportunity. E) enter a market based on time-consuming rigorous market analysis.

a

57) In Mexico City, only 55-60% of the population owns a telephone. The number drops to less than 50% in Guadalajara and Monterey, and 35% or lower in other cities. This will complicate the task of market researchers hoping to use a telephone survey to obtain a ________ of the Mexican population. A) probability sample B) convenience sample C) secondary sample D) focus group sample E) quota sample

a

6) Considering Hofstede's notion of culture as "the collective programming of the mind," then attitudes can be defined as: A) a learned tendency to respond in a consistent way to a given object or entity. B) an organized pattern of knowledge that an individual holds to be true about the world. C) an enduring belief or feeling of a specific mode of conduct. D) a personally or socially preferable mode of conduct. E) the deepest level of a culture present in the majority of the members of a particular culture.

a

60) A proposed merger between two Swiss-based global pharmaceutical companies, Ciba-Geigy AG and Sandoz AG, would be subject to review by regulators from which of the following? A) European Commission B) UN Conference on International Trade Law C) International Chamber of Commerce D) International Court of Justice E) none of the above

a

61) Ethnocentric orientation is sometimes associated with all of the following attitudes except: A) national arrogance. B) assumption of national superiority. C) indifference to marketing opportunities. D) selecting a standardized approach. E) selecting an adaptation approach

a

63) A person who assumes that his or her home country is superior to the rest of the world is said to have: A) ethnocentric orientation. B) polycentric orientation. C) regiocentric orientation. D) geocentric orientation. E) none of the above

a

64) Nissan's earlier vehicles were difficult to start in many parts of the United States during the cold winter months. In northern Japan, it was customary for many car owners to put blankets over the hoods of their cars during winter months. Nissan's assumption was that Americans would do the same thing. This is an example of: A) ethnocentric orientation. B) polycentric orientation. C) regiocentric orientation. D) geocentric orientation. E) geopolitic orientation.

a

90) Italy recently introduced the Reguzzoni-Versace Law which is intended to regulate trade in textiles, leather, and footwear. All of the following statements pertaining to the law are correct except: A) at least four stages of production should occur in Italy for the product to be labeled as "Made in Italy." B) the countries in which the remaining production stages took place must be identified. C) Brussels objected on grounds that the law conflicts with restrictions provided by the European Union. D) EU regulators view the law as "protectionist." E) the law is more stringent than the existing laws where only one production stage has to occur in the country of origin.

a

93) Which of the following is true about Japanese keiretsu? A) Toyota is a vertical keiretsu, Mitsubishi is a horizontal keiretsu. B) Toyota is a horizontal keiretsu, Mitsubishi is a vertical keiretsu. C) Toyota and Mitsubishi are both horizontal keiretsu. D) Toyota and Mitsubishi are both vertical keiretsu. E) none of the above

a

94) Some of Body Shop's recent advertising has emphasized the difference between the company's principles and those of "mainstream" cosmetics companies on such issues as animal testing. As described here, Body Shop's ads illustrate positioning by: A) competition. B) niche. C) quality/price. D) attribute/benefit. E) culture.

a

QN=13 Market capitalism is an economic system in which a. individuals and firms allocate resources that are privately owned b. the state has broad powers to serve the public interest as it sees fit c market resource allocation is commanded by both private and state ownership. d. there is no correlation between economic freedom and a nation's economy e. market-oriented economies function in an identical manner

a

QN=19 Low-income countries have a GNI per capita of $1,045 or less. The general characteristics shared by countries at this income level include all of the following except: a. high literacy rates b. high birth rates c heavy reliance on foreign aid d. political unrest. e. high agricultural population

a

QN=27 Which one of the ASEAN members has the World's second-largest container port? a. Singapore b. Thailand c. India d. Philippines e. Brunei

a

QN=36 Lawyers are more important in a. low-context cultures b. high-context cultures c. Indian cultures d. Korean cultures e. Japanese cultures

a

QN=40 Together, innovators and early adopters make up about ________ of the potential market for a new product a. 16% b. 26% c. 34% d. 46% e. 12%

a

QN=45 What type of international disputes would be taken before the International Court of Justice? a. disputes between two nations b. disputes between two companies c. disputes between a company and a nation d. disputes between a citizen of one country and a company from a different country e. disputes between profit and non-profit organizations

a

QN=51 One challenge of using CRM is: a. integrating data into customer relationship. b. knowing amount paid by consumers in different countries. c. understanding which customers are most valuable. d. assessing the use of credit cards for payment. e. knowing the use of laptop computers by customers.

a

QN=6 Walmart exited from the German market due to the fact that Germans a. could find lower prices at discount stores b. preferred shopping in larger malls c did not care for American businesses d. preferred "all-in-one" store e. preferred only European businesses

a

QN=62 A global segment is referred to as "global teens" which includes: a. people between the ages of 12 and 19. b. affluent, well-traveled persons. c. young, global travelers. d. technology professionals. e. persons having power.

a

QN=70 Consumers shopping for high-touch products, such as fine perfume, are generally energized by ________ motives. a. emotional b. rational c. both emotional and rational d. neither emotional nor rational e. high-tech

a

QN=75 The sale of merchandise in export markets at unfair prices is known as: a. dumping b. countervailing c. tariff d. ad valorem. e. transaction

a

QN=8 Coke's worldwide success is based on: a. adaptation of the marketing mix. b. standardization of the marketing mix c selected elements of the marketing mix d. using local sales force and vending machines e. using existing local infrastructure.

a

QN=81 The licensed asset may be_____ a. A brand name, company name, patent trade secret, or product formulation b. Lands,physical assets,buildings c. A company name,patent,physical assets,buildings d. A brand name,company name,patent trade secret, lands e. Lands,physical assets ,patent trade secret

a

QN=86 Three Characteristics of Strategic Alliances are a. Shared benefits, Independence of participation, Ongoing distribution b. Customers, Competitors, Markets c. Shared benefits,Independence of participation, Markets d. Customers, Competitors, Shared benefits e. None of the a bove

a

QN=87 6 basic factors on the success of GSPs a. Mission, Strategy, Governance, Culture, Organization, Management b. Customers, Competitors, Markets ,Mission, Organization, Management c. Mission, Strategy, Governance, Markets,Customers, Competitors d. Customers, Competitors, Benefits,Markets,Governance,Culture e. None of the a bove

a

QN=88 The keiretsu system ensures that a. High-quality parts are delivered on a just-in-time basis b. Low-quality parts are delivered on a just-in-time basis c. Both high and low quality parts are delivered on a just-in-time basis d. High-quality parts are delivered be fore low-quality parts on a just-in-time basis e. None of the a bove

a

collectively: A) sets prices, controls output, or takes other actions to maximize profits. B) dictates how other countries should use their products. C) produces more products in order to beat the competition. D) conducts activities that are considered illegal in the United States. E) works on forming a union against management of other companies.

a

) As cultural differences become less relevant and disposable incomes become high, a trend towards greater consumption of the following type of foods is predicted. A) French artistic foods B) American fast foods C) Chinese retail foods D) Indian spicy foods E) Mexican spicy foods

b

39) The "Common Market of the South" in Latin America is used to describe: A) SICA. B) Mercosur. C) Andean Community. D) CARICOM. E) FTAA.

b

27) NAFTA creates a free trade area, as opposed to a customs union or a common market, due to the fact that: A) the agreement does not leave the door open for discretionary protectionism. B) the governments of all three nations decided to eliminate tariffs. C) the issue of illegal immigration from Mexico to the United States is resolved. D) restrictions are imposed on the use of goods, services, and investments. E) restrictions are imposed on labor movements among members.

b

29) Diageo PLC, V&S Vin & Spirit AB, and Seagram and other marketers know that Russians consume a great deal of vodka. This type of market segmentation can be classified as: A) demographic. B) behavioral. C) psychographic. D) occupational. E) benefit.

b

29) The dimensions of global marketing strategy include all of the following except: A) Concentration of marketing activities B) Development of cultural activities C) Coordination of marketing activities D) Integration of competitive moves E) Integration of marketing mix

b

3) One of the key advantages of an EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) system is: A) it allows easy access to all company data to vendors. B) its transaction formats are universal. C) it allows third-party transmission connections to company data. D) it saves both time and money by using different languages. E) vendors receive orders by voice mail.

b

30) The allure (hấp dẫn) of the Latin American market has been its: A) lack of inflation. B) considerable size. C) rapid economic growth. D) low foreign debt. E) protectionism.

b

31) Disadvantages of joint venturing can include all of the following except: A) joint venture partners must share rewards as well as risks. B) joint ventures allow partners to achieve synergy. (Sức mạnh tổng hợp) C) joint ventures can have the potential for conflict between partners. D) a dynamic joint venture partner can evolve into a strong competitor. E) a company incurs very significant costs by joint venturing.

b

31) In response to increasing worldwide concerns about obesity, diabetes, and other food-related health issues, some of the world's largest food companies are developing new products. Nestlé and Groupe Danone SA have developed several health-foods which include all of the following except: A) Souvenaid. B) Activa. C) NutriChoice. D) Nutraceuticals. E) Medical Foods

b

31) The first step in formulating and conducting research is to: A) define the problem. B) collect information. C) select unit of analysis. D) examine data availability. E) design research.

b

32) Burberry's global marketing strategy of offering "affordable luxury" to customers in the United States, with a value proposition of being more expensive than Coach and less expensive than Prada represents a focus on: A) product. B) price. C) promotion. D) position. E) place.

b

32) Upper-middle-income countries, also known as industrializing or developing countries are those with GNI per capita ranging from: A) $996 to $ 4,125. B) $4,126 to $12,475. C) $12,475 or higher. D) less than $995. E) none of the above

b

33) Developed under the auspices (được sự che chở) of the Custom Cooperation Council (now the World Customs Organization) the system which took effect is referred to as: A) preferential tariffs. B) harmonized tariff. C) BTN duty. D) specialized tariff. E) antidumping duty.

b

34) After the aftermath of the tragedy involving fire in garment factories in Bangladesh, it was found that the buildings were inspected by: A) Dhaka's building-safety authority. B) Business Social Compliance Initiative (BSCI). C) Walmart's approved contractors. D) Worker Rights Consortium. E) Interfaith Center for Corporate Responsibility

b

35) The president of a Mexican company recently remarked, "Business in Mexico is done on a consensus basis, very genteel and sometimes slow by U.S. standards." A few months later, the Mexican company and its U.S. joint venture partner parted company. Judging by the president's remark, one important reason for the "divorce" was: A) failure of one partner to live up to the terms of the contract. B) cultural differences. C) the cancellation of NAFTA. D) the U.S. government's insistence on quick negotiations. E) the language barrier.

b

36) The success of Uniqlo's retail stores can be attributed to its decision to: A) remain in Japan. B) locate in high population density areas. C) locate in low population density areas. D) manufacture most of their products in Japan. E) become the world's number one apparel retailer

b

37) Prahalad and Hammond have identified several assumptions and misconceptions about the "bottom of the pyramid" (BOP) that need to be corrected. All of the following mistaken assumptions are correct except: A) The poor are too concerned with fulfilling basic needs to "waste" money on nonessential goods. B) The goods sold in developing markets are so expensive that there is no room for a new market entrant to make a profit. C) The poor have no money. D) People in BOP markets cannot use advanced technology. E) Global companies that target BOP markets will be criticized for exploiting the poor.

b

38) Argentina was allowed to break from the CET and raise duties on consumer goods. This crisis had a silver lining, which is evident from all of the following points except: A) Argentina's wine exports to the United States were worth four times more when dollar revenues were converted into pesos. B) Argentina became known for the world's most expensive wines. C) the currency devaluation made Argentine vineyard property cheaper for foreign buyers. D) low prices for land, inexpensive labor, and ideal growing conditions for the Malbec grape have combined to make Argentina's wine industry a major player in world markets. E) Argentina can make better wine locally for less money than anywhere in the world.

b

38) Global marketers should take note of the fact that almost half of the world's population is located in: A) low-income countries. B) lower-middle-income countries. C) upper-middle-income countries. D) high-income countries. E) higher-middle-income countries.

b

38) In a joint venture with Russian manufacturer AvtoVAZ, GM executives were planning to have a stripped-down reengineered car based on its Opel model. However, the market research revealed that a "Made-in-Russia" car would only be acceptable if: A) it has a German name. B) it sported a very low sticker price. C) it has an American name. D) it has a very high sticker price. E) it has a Russian name.

b

40) Argentina provides a good example of how a country can emerge from an economic crisis as a stronger global competitor as per the following statement: A) Argentina reduced the duties on consumer goods. B) Argentina devalued its currency for exports and capital transactions. C) Argentina added tariffs on imported wines. D) Argentina adopted the U.S. dollar as official currency. E) Argentina added tariffs on wine produced within the country

b

41) Which of the following is not true of secondary data about global markets? A) It was not gathered specifically for the research project at hand. B) It is often so expensive that small companies can't afford to use it. C) It can be accessed quickly. D) A great deal is available from government agencies. E) It cannot be retrieved online.

b

42) Harley-Davidson celebrated its 110th anniversary in 2013. The company grew impressively during its century of operations. All of the following mentioned facts regarding the company are true except: A) the company's international success came after years of neglecting overseas markets. B) the company reacted swiftly to a growing threat from Japanese manufacturers. C) early on, the company used an export-selling approach. D) early on, it had an underdeveloped dealer network. E) after the 1980s, they recruited dealers in the important Japanese markets

b

43) Examples of effective global marketing by McDonald's include both standardized and localized marketing mix elements. Which of the following does not represent a localized element? A) It serves McAloo tikki potato burger in India. B) It uses the advertising slogan "I'm lovin' it." C) It operates themed dining cars on the Swiss national rail system. D) It has home delivery service in India. E) It has slang nicknames such as MakDo in the Philippines and McDo in France

b

43) Which of the following currently owns a 70 percent stake in Skoda, the Czech automaker? A) GM B) Volkswagen C) Ford D) DaimlerChrysler E) Renault

b

45) A duty that represents a certain percentage of the value of a particular product is a(n): A) specific duty. B) ad valorem duty. C) BTN duty. D) "schedule B" duty. E) antidumping duty.

b

45) In many parts of the world, sales of unauthorized videos of Hollywood movies cost the movie studios billions of dollars. When illegal copies of movies are made, what form of intellectual property has been wrongly appropriated? A) patent B) copyright C) trademark D) trade secrets E) down loading

b

46) Which two companies are sourcing product components from small-scale enterprises, which in turn are helping preserve old-growth forests as well as economic opportunities in Brazil? A) Ford Motor Company and Armani B) Daimler AG and Hermes C) General Motors and Hugo Boss D) Volkswagen and Coach E) Coca-Cola and Nestlé

b

47) The international marketing manager of an office furniture company ordered a research report on global telecommunications equipment sales. The report noted that, in the early 1990s, AT&T was awarded a $4 billion contract to provide communication network products and services in Saudi Arabia. The manager took this as a cue to put Saudi Arabia on her information agenda, reasoning that office furniture sales would increase as the country's telephone system was improved. As described here, the marketing manager is viewing Saudi Arabia as a(n): A) latent market. B) incipient market. C) cluster market. D) existing market. E) primary market

b

47) Which of the following types of duties would be imposed on a company whose home-country government provides export subsidies? A) ad valorem duty B) countervailing duty C) antidumping duty D) specific duty E) customs duty

b

48) The company receiving the most U.S. patents in 2013 was: A) Samsung Electronics. B) IBM. C) Microsoft. D) Canon. E) Panasonic.

b

48) Which country was upgraded from "emerging" to "developed" status by the Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) in 2009? A) United States B) South Korea C) Britain D) Italy E) Malaysia

b

48) Which of the following is described as the three R's of global business: rules, rate schedules, and regulations? A) quotas B) tariffs C) NTBs D) NTR E) duties

b

50) Research in Motion (RIM), a Canadian company which markets BlackBerry Messenger, is very popular with politicians and business people because it offers advance encryption that provides data security. This can be a disadvantage for some countries because: A) it is too complex to understand. B) governments use strict control for security reasons. C) the software can be easily downloaded. D) the accessibility is very poor. E) there is competition from local manufacturers

b

50) The United States has given Normal Trade Relations (NTR) status to some 180 countries. In actuality only four countries are excluded from this status which includes all of the following countries except: A) North Korea. B) Iraq. C) Iran. D) Cuba. E) Libya.

b

51) Uber's rapid growth is an example that the ________ is gaining traction. A) digital technology B) collaborative consumption C) ride sharing D) transport convenience E) tourism

b

52) Which of the following is true about the Triad? A) Triad countries account for approximately one-third of world income and one-third of world population. B) Triad countries account for approximately 75% of world income as measured by GNP. C) Triad countries are those in which consumer products, industrial products, and the services sector each contribute one-third to GDP. D) Triad countries account for approximately 25% of world income as measured by GNP. E) Triad countries account for approximately 50% of world income as measured by the World Bank.

b

53) Which of the following is true about efforts by automakers to target the Hispanic segment in the United States? A) Honda, Toyota, Ford, and GM all began targeting the segment years ago. B) Honda and Toyota began targeting the segment years ago; Ford and GM launched their efforts more recently. C) Ford and GM began targeting the segment years ago; Honda and Toyota launched their efforts more recently. D) Only Ford and GM are targeting the Hispanic segment. E) none of the above

b

54) Harley-Davidson has applied for federal protection of an unusual form of intellectual property; the "soul-pleasing rumble" produced by its motorcycles. What type of protection is Harley-Davidson seeking? A) copyright B) trademark C) license D) patent E) trade dress

b

55) Danes generally are not afraid of taking chances; they are comfortable doing things that are not carefully thought out or planned. Denmark's "flexicurity" policy combines free labor markets with adjustable welfare benefits. This is an example of the application of Hofstede's typology under the values which highlight: A) Future Orientation. B) Uncertainty Avoidance. C) Gender Differentiation. D) Power Distance. E) Individualism/Collectivism

b

58) As part of their alliance relationship, Northwest Airlines and KLM Royal Dutch set air fare prices jointly and coordinate flight schedules. Normally, such behavior would be considered harmful to competition, but the U.S. government has granted the two airlines special exemptions from laws concerning: A) intellectual property. B) antitrust. C) jurisdiction. D) licensing. E) arbitration

b

6) Which of the following is an IT tool designed specifically to help retailers work more closely with vendors on stock replenishment? A) BOLD B) ECR C) data warehouse D) projection E) EDI

b

6) ________ provides technical specifications to a subcontractor or local manufacturer, who then oversees production. A) A joint venture B) Contract manufacturing C) Licensing D) Exporting E) A Global strategic alliance

b

62) The cell phone division of Toshiba prospered by doing business in the domestic market. When handset sales slowed, Atsutoshi Nishida, president of Toshiba noted, "We were thinking only about Japan. We really missed our chance." This statement is indicative of ________ orientation. A) polycentric B) ethnocentric C) geocentric D) technocentric. E) regiocentric

b

63) Which of the following best sums up the experience of Walt Disney Company executives when creating Disney's theme park in Paris? A) They were guided by the "think global, act local" principle. B) They fell victim to the self-reference criterion. C) They exhibited a geocentric management orientation. D) They miscalculated the rate of diffusion of innovations in Europe. E) They had an unbiased perception of existing culture in Europe.

b

65) At Procter & Gamble, one of the problems they were facing was that 80-plus country teams were all acting independently. Pampers Europe was not collaborating with Pampers North America. This example illustrates the differences due to their: A) geocentric orientation. B) regiocentric orientation. C) polycentric orientation. D) ethnocentric orientation. E) poor globalization orientation

b

65) When Walt Disney Company's executives were planning to build a theme park in France, they firmly believed that the success of McDonald's and Coke as well as their own success in Tokyo ensured the runaway success of their plans. Disney policies prohibit sale or consumption of alcohol inside their theme parks which they also implemented in France. This proved to be a failure since consuming wine with the midday meal is a long-established custom in France. This is most likely a classical example of: A) the "think global, act local" principle. B) being victim to the self-reference criterion. C) a geocentric management orientation. D) miscalculation of the rate of diffusion of innovations in Europe. E) an unbiased perception of existing culture

b

66) Unilever, the Anglo-Dutch consumer products company, at one time had 30 different package designs and 48 different formulations for its Rexona deodorant brand. This is an example of: A) ethnocentric orientation. B) polycentric orientation. (đa dạng) C) regiocentric orientation. D) geocentric orientation. E) transnational orientation.

b

68) The new country which joined the EU at the beginning of 2015 is: A) Slovakia. B) Lithuania. C) Latvia. D) Slovenia. E) Cyprus.

b

69) Which of the following receives a fee for bringing together an exporter and a buyer in another country? A) foreign purchasing agent B) export broker C) export merchant D) export management company E) freight forwarder

b

7) The process of global market segmentation begins with the choice of one or more variables to use as a basis for grouping customers. All of the following are variables that are commonly used except: A) demographics. B) polycentrics. C) behavioral characteristics. D) benefits sought. E) psychographics.

b

70) The "balance of payments" is a record of all economic transactions between the residents of a country and the rest of the world. It is divided into the current and capital accounts. Current accounts include all of the following except: A) balance on goods. B) portfolio investments. C) balance on services. D) goods imports. E) goods exports.

b

72) In their book, Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw wrote "Governments are getting out of businesses by disposing of what amounts to trillions of dollars of assets. Everything is going-from steel plants and phone companies . . . to hotels, restaurants, and nightclubs." This is an indication of: A) the fact that governments can make more money by selling assets. B) privatization is becoming a driving force for global marketing. C) these businesses are considered as closed markets. D) foreign companies are competing with governments. E) there is less demand for these type of companies

b

72) When consumers have difficulty in verbalizing their perceptions, and there are different alternative brands of toothpaste, what is the best method of judging them in terms of similarity? A) cluster analysis B) MDS C) dependence techniques D) factor loading E) focus group

b

74) "Corporate amnesia" in global partnership is a term which refers to: A) achieving world leadership by differentiation. B) short-term goals with no memory on how to compete. C) a relationship which is short lived. D) discontinuation of a partnership due to personal chemistry. E) losing national identity and ideology.

b

75) The sales of the Apple watch increased when customers were informed about various functions of the watch. This change in sales reflects which of the following characteristics of innovation? A) relative advantage B) communicability C) compatibility D) complexity E) divisibility

b

90) Which of the following incorrectly states the role of banks in import/export transactions involving a letter of credit (L/C)? A) The exporter's bank is the advising and/or confirming bank. B) The importer's bank is the advising and/or confirming bank. C) The importer's bank is the advising, confirming, and issuing bank. D) The exporter's bank is the advising, confirming, and issuing bank. E) The importer's bank is neither advising nor confirming bank

b

78) A few years ago, Philips Electronics developed a new consumer electronics product called the Digital Compact Cassette player. DCC did more than allow users to record and playback in a new digital format; DCC was also designed to play the older, analog cassette tapes that many people own. However, die-hard audio buffs were the only ones to buy DCC and Philips ultimately discontinued the product. Which of the following statements based on adopter categories describes this? A) early adopters bought, but innovators didn't B) innovators bought, but early adopters didn't C) innovators bought, and everyone else was a laggard D) early majority bought, but late majority didn't E) DCC was a laggard

b

79) Adopter categories are classifications of individuals within a market on the basis of their innovativeness. When Apple introduced the Apple watch people waited in long lines before the doors opened. According to experts, those people can be categorized as: A) early adopters. B) innovators. C) early majority. D) late majority. E) laggards.

b

8) The advantages of "contract manufacturing" include all of the following except: A) access to technical specifications by subcontractors. B) access to technical specifications by local manufacturers. C) a licensing firm can specialize in product marketing. D) limited commitment of financial resources. E) limited commitment (cam kết) of management resources.

b

8) What do value added taxes (VAT) encourage in countries such as China? A) They make trademarks and copyrights more valuable. B) They result in cross-border shopping and smuggling. C) They make it harder to bribe officials. D) They protect companies from antitrust scrutiny. E) Global companies refrain from offering bribes

b

81) A key word(s) in conducting business in the Middle East is: A) Arab Spring. B) connection. C) discrimination. D) male dominance. E) haggling.

b

81) Comparing and contrasting the diffusion of innovations in Western countries and in Asia, one can say that: A) the process occurs in an identical manner in both regions. B) in Asia, the adoption process begins more slowly but ramps up more rapidly than it does in Western countries. C) in Western countries, the adoption process begins more slowly but ramps up more rapidly than it does in Asia. D) the diffusion of innovation framework is applicable in the West but not in Asia. E) the diffusion of innovation framework is applicable in Asia but not in

b

83) The United States has more lawyers than any other country in the world and is arguably the most litigious nation on earth. This is a reflection of: A) the lack of class action lawsuits. B) the low-context nature of the American culture. C) the lack of spirit of confrontational competitiveness. D) the fact that lawyers cannot undertake cases on contingency fee basis. E) the fact that conflicts arise more in the United States.

b

84) If an American tourist in Tokyo pays more in dollars for the same amount of yen that she bought last week, then: A) a Japanese tourist in San Francisco pays more in yen for the same amount of dollars that she bought the week before. B) the dollar has depreciated relative to the yen. C) the yen has depreciated relative to the dollar. D) the dollar has appreciated relative to the yen. E) the dollar and yen both remained same in value.

b

85) An irrevocable letter of credit transfers the payment obligation for an export deal from the buyer to the buyer's: A) in-house export organization. B) bank. C) freight forwarder. D) credit union. E) checking account.

b

86) Which set of documents generally represents the minimum documentation required to clear a shipment through customs? A) packing list, commercial invoice B) bill of exchange, commercial invoice C) certificate of origin, bill of exchange D) packing list, insurance certificate E) letter of credit, commercial invoice

b

87) Which of the following is true about "coffee culture" in England? A) Starbucks has been unsuccessful in its attempt to change the Brits' preference for tea. B) American entrepreneurs found success in England with the Seattle Coffee Company which Starbucks later acquired. C) Starbucks succeeded in England only after changing the company's name to Seattle Coffee Company. D) Starbucks-style coffee shops have been a flop because tea culture is too deeply engrained. E) Starbucks has been successful in England since it started selling beer.

b

88) In order to form a free trade area, South Africa has signed a Trade, Development, and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) with: A) Swaziland. B) EU. C) Namibia. D) Angola. E) Japan.

b

88) Which of the following correctly states the role of banks in import/export transactions involving a letter of credit (L/C)? A) The importer's bank is the advising and/or confirming bank; the exporter's bank is the issuing bank. B) The exporter's bank is the advising and/or confirming bank; the importer's bank is the issuing bank. C) The exporter's bank is the advising, confirming, and issuing bank. D) The importer's bank is the advising, confirming, and issuing bank. E) none of the above

b

89) In which of the following forms of export financing does a bank assume a financial obligation? A) with an L/C but not a documentary collection B) with a documentary collection but not an L/C C) neither an L/C nor a documentary collection requires a bank to assume financial obligation D) with either an L/C or a collection letter E) with both an L/C and a documentary collection

b

89) Which of the following is true about etic and emic approaches to country analysis? A) The etic and emic approaches are identical. B) An emic approach studies a culture from within; etic analysis is "from the outside." C) An emic approach studies a culture "from the outside"; etic analysis studies a culture from within. D) The emic/etic distinction is not useful in cultural studies. E) The emic/etic approaches cannot be applied to Asian countries.

b

89) Which of the following statement is not true related to the African Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA)? A) The theme of the AGOA is "Trade, not Aid." B) It is designed to help African nations that help neighboring countries in need. C) The law is designed to support African nations that make significant progress toward economic liberalization. D) African companies will find it easier to gain access to financing from the U.S. Export-Import Bank. E) AGOA represents a formal step toward a U.S.-Africa free trade area.

b

92) For years, ads for Volvo automobiles stressed safety features and protection in the event of a crash. Thus, Volvo automobiles developed a reputation based on which positioning strategy? A) use/user B) attribute/benefit C) competition D) high touch E) quality/price

b

109) The furniture industry has become one of the fastest-growing sectors of China's economy. Furniture imports are flooding into the United States from China. This can be attributed to: A) the quality of furniture is better than that made in Europe. B) American tastes in décor have changed. C) China's low labor rates translate into reasonable prices for consumers. D) China can survive tough competition. E) replacement parts are readily available from China.

c

11) The form of economic cooperation that calls for 1) eliminating internal barriers to trade and 2) establishing common external barriers is known as a(n): A) European Union. B) Economic union. C) Customs union. D) Free trade area. E) Common market.

c

11) The specialty retailing industry, as well as the fast-food industry, favors ________ for global growth. A) licensing B) investment C) franchising D) joint ventures E) strategic alliances

c

12) ________ builds upon the elimination of internal tariff barriers, the establishment of common external barriers, and the free flow of factors. A) European Union B) Economic union C) Customs union D) Free trade area E) Common market

c

15) Giving business cards with the left hand in Malaysia, showing soles of shoes to a host in Saudi Arabia, and winking one eye in India are all considered impolite interpersonal communication due to the fact that: A) in Middle Eastern countries it is customary to take off shoes at the door. B) it is difficult to notice when one winks eyes since there are many people in India. C) people pick up nonverbal cues and understand intuitively without being told. D) these actions distract people from hearing at meetings. E) people are not aware of Western ways of doing business

c

15) The Swedish government has significant holdings in key business sectors and has a hybrid (hỗn hợp) economic system that incorporates: A) market capitalism and centrally planned socialism. B) centrally planned socialism and market socialism. C) centrally planned socialism and capitalism. D) market socialism and market capitalism. E) market capitalism and socialistic capitalism

c

16) A vice-president of an American software company introduced himself to a group of Korean partners and added "you may just call me John." Although this verbal cue shows the underlying reality that Americans have a high value on informality and equality, it needs adaptation due to the reason that: A) John is not a very popular name in Korea. B) it is difficult to translate John in Korean language. C) customs, hierarchies, and class structure of Korean culture have to be respected. D) Korean culture requires that first and last name be used in addressing guests. E) it is not appropriate to disclose nicknames in business meetings.

c

18) Porsche AG uses the label "Top Guns" to describe one segment of its customers, namely those who care about power and control and who expect to be noticed. Such a profile would be based on which type of segmentation? A) demographic B) occupational C) psychographic D) behavioral E) gender

c

19) Research has shown that exporting is essentially a developmental process that proceeds in different stages. Before a firm reaches stage 4, it must do which one of the following activities? A) explore the feasibility of exporting B) commit resources for exporting C) receive unsolicited (được cho 1 cách tự ng) export orders D) believe in attractiveness of exporting E) build confidence in firm's ability for exporting

c

19) SRI International developed Values and Lifestyles (VALS). Such a consumer profile would be helpful for which type of segmentation? A) demographic B) occupational C) psychographic D) behavioral E) gender

c

21) In a study entitled "The Euroconsumer: Marketing Myth or Cultural Certainty?" researchers identified different lifestyle groups. The segment that is concentrated in high-crime, inner-city neighborhoods were classified as: A) Successful Idealists. B) Affluent Materialists. C) Disaffected Survivors. D) Trendy Teens. E) Comfortable Belongers.

c

23) The DMBB (D'arcy Massius Benton & Bowles) agency created a psychographic profile of the Russian market. The categories include all of the following except: A) Kuptsy. B) Cossacks. C) Elites. D) Students. E) Business Executives.

c

25) A vice president of a shoe company was in India to assess the market. He found that many people in the southern part of India were walking bare footed. This can be indicative of either the fact that there is a potential market for shoes or there is no market for shoes in that part of the world. To formally confirm one instinct or the other the vice president should: A) establish an office to start manufacturing shoes in India. B) give free shoe samples to a selected group of customers. C) conduct research to find potential and actual customers. D) find out if that is true for other Asian countries. E) give up the idea of doing business in India.

c

25) Located in The Hague, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the judicial arm of the: A) United States. B) European Union. C) United Nations. D) Netherlands. E) United Kingdom

c

25) The form of economic cooperation that calls for countries to eliminate all internal barriers to trade among themselves even while maintaining independent trade policies vis-à-vis third countries is known as a(n): A) Economic union. B) Customs union. C) Free trade area. D) Common market. E) None of the above

c

28) Agricultural subsidies are particularly controversial because, although they protect the interests of farmers in some countries, they work to the detriment (tổn hại) of farmers in countries such as: A) Singapore. B) the United States. C) India. D) Switzerland. E) Japan.

c

29) Myanmar is considered as one of the emerging markets open for business. All of the following facts pertain to Myanmar except: A) Myanmar is a low-income country in Southeast Asia. B) Myanmar has a population of 65 million people. C) Myanmar is one of the countries considered as "Stans." D) Myanmar's citizens elected a president. E) Only one quarter of Myanmar's population has access to electricity.

c

3) The demise (cái chết) of communism as an economic and political system can be explained by all of the following facts except: A) communism is not an effective economic system. B) relatively superior performance of the world's market economies. C) communism works when the currency exchange rate is weak. D) difficult to manage national economies with a single central plan. E) increased public participation in matters of state

c

31) Nike recently adopted the slogan "Here I am" for its pan-European clothing advertising targeting women. The decision to drop the famous "Just do it" tag line was based on the research indicating that: A) the famous slogan did not have accurate translation in European languages. B) Europeans do not like tag lines that portray American thinking. C) college-age women in Europe are not as competitive about sports as men are. D) the old slogan conveys superiority of men over women. E) European women want to differentiate themselves from men.

c

31) Which of the following was a major U.S. tax incentive for exporters that the WTO recently ruled was an illegal subsidy? A) NTR B) CVD C) FSC D) NTB E) HTS

c

31) With a 2013 GNI per capital of $1,570, India has transitioned out from the former category and now is classified as a(n): A) low-income country. B) upper-middle-income country. C) lower-middle-income country. D) upper-income country. E) lower-upper-income country.

c

32) The strategy to use joint ventures has several advantages which do not include: A) risk sharing. B) reduced financial risk. C) reward sharing. D) achieve synergy. E) the only way to enter a country or region.

c

32) When Mattel first introduced Barbie in Japan, managers assumed that Japanese girls would find the doll's design just as appealing as American girls did. This may be due to: A) Barbie's physical features such as long legs and blonde hair. B) Barbie being a symbol of American lifestyle. C) the SRC tendency on the part of American managers. D) the SRC tendency on the part of Japanese consumers. E) the limited competition for dolls in Japan.

c

33) Three Mexican retailers Famso, Grupo Gigante SA, and Grupo Comercial Chedraui SA have opened stores in the United States. This is an indication of: A) U.S. retailers were lagging behind in collecting demographic information. B) the Mexican retailers provide better products than American stores. C) the Hispanic American segments represent a great opportunity for marketers. D) American businesses cannot compete with Mexican retailers. E) the Mexican retailers would like to compete with businesses like Best Buy and Circuit City.

c

33) Which member of the Central American Integration System has both the largest economy and the largest population? A) El Salvador B) Honduras C) Guatemala D) Nicaragua E) Costa Rica

c

34) As a general rule, the Chinese government allows foreign companies to participate in its market only if those companies agree to establish operations with local Chinese enterprises. Which market entry mode would be the appropriate choice under these circumstances? A) acquisition B) licensing C) joint venture D) exporting E) franchising

c

35) After the aftermath of the tragedy involving fire in garment factories in Bangladesh, Walmart implemented a "zero-tolerance policy." The Workers Rights Consortium, the International Labor Organization and other groups monitoring labor issues are stepping up pressure on companies that participate in the global garment supply chain due to the following reasons, except: A) retailers pay lip service to concerns about factory safety. B) retailers continue to focus on low prices. C) those auditing facilities are audited by BSCI's qualified engineers. D) the buyers and consumer are willing to pay more for garments. E) retailers do not provide funds for fire safety training.

c

35) The Secretariat for Central American Integration is headquartered in: A) El Salvador. B) Honduras. C) Guatemala City. D) Nicaragua. E) Costa Rica.

c

39) Companies that fail to formulate adequate responses to the challenges and opportunities of globalization will face all of the following consequences except: A) getting absorbed by visionary enterprises. B) getting absorbed by dynamic enterprises. C) becoming locally profitable enterprises. D) undergoing wrenching transformations. E) simply disappearing from the business horizon.

c

39) Potential markets can be subdivided into: A) latent and parallel markets. B) existing and incipient markets. C) latent and incipient markets. D) existing and latent markets. E) incipient and existing markets

c

4) Demographic segmentation is based on measurable characteristics of populations which includes all of the following examples except: A) Asia is home to 500 million consumers aged 16 and younger. B) India has more than half of the population younger than 25. C) Consumers that buy Porsches would like to be noticed. D) The United States is home to 28.4 million foreign-born residents with combined income of $ 233 billion. E) In the EU, the number of consumers aged 16 and under is rapidly approaching consumers aged 60.

c

4) The use of the color ________ dates back millennia as seen by artisans in ancient Egypt, China, and Mayan civilizations and is now associated with royalty and divinity. A) red B) green C) blue D) orange E) brown

c

40) Statements that illustrate the success of global marketing include all of the following except: A) the Coca-Cola Company supports its Coke brand by utilizing global and local marketing mix. B) Apple is synonymous with cutting-edge innovation and high-tech design. C) Italy's Benetton utilizes marketing as a knee-jerk reaction (phản ứng cảm tính hơn lí trí do ko có thời gian) to world marketing needs. D) the backbone of Caterpillar's global success is its network of dealers. E) Germany's reputation for engineering and manufacturing provides a competitive advantage

c

41) The English-speaking CARICOM members in the eastern Caribbean are concerned with defending their privileged trading position with: A) Russia. B) China. C) the United States. D) the United Kingdom. E) Australia.

c

41) Which automaker currently has a joint venture with Hindustan Motors (India)? A) Volkswagen B) Ford C) GM D) Renault E) Mazda

c

42) Which one of the following nations fall in the lower-middle-income category? A) Burundi B) Bangladesh C) Egypt D) Venezuela E) none of the above

c

43) A characteristic of a low-context culture which is prevalent in the United States, Switzerland, and Germany is that: A) less information is contained in verbal communication. B) major emphasis is on a person's values and position in society. C) the messages are explicit and specific. D) a person's word is his or her bond. E) negotiations are long and protracted.

c

53) In 2005, representatives from several wine regions in the United States and the EU signed a Joint Declaration to Protect Wine Place & Origin. In addition, a Wine Accord signed by the United States and EU bans the: A) use of alcohol in public places. B) purchase of wine from country of origin. C) misuse of place names by marketers of wine products that do not originate in those places. D) misuse of labels which does not include the origin of ingredients. E) use of word "champagne" on wine made in the United States.

c

53) There are barriers in Japan for global marketers in terms of attitudes as well as laws. Barriers include all of the following except: A) any organization wishing to compete in Japan must be committed to providing top-quality products and services. B) repeat visits and extended socialization with distributors. C) goods marketed should have a semblance of western products and services. D) marketers must master the keiretsu system of tightly knit corporate alliances. E) trust has to be built before conducting successful business.

c

54) For the past 40 years Bhutan, a kingdom of 754,000 people in the Himalaya mountains, has relied on the following measure: A) GNI. B) GDP. C) GNH. D) GNP. E) GTE.

c

55) Manufacturers of Splenda, a low-calorie sugar substitute, wanted to arrange a focus group to find out its use in different markets. Open-ended questions were used in order to secure the unconscious attitudes and biases held by the subjects. This type of technique is known as: A) scaling technique. B) qualitative technique. C) projective technique. D) reactivity technique. E) MDS technique.

c

56) Bhutan has relied on a measure besides economic growth, namely, gross national happiness (GNH). The GNH Index includes all of the following indicators except: A) psychological well-being. B) community vitality. C) economic vitality. D) environmental diversity. E) living standards.

c

57) As apparent from the 2014 rankings of Fortune magazine's global 500 companies, Volkswagen is trying to unseat ________, the world's most valuable car company. A) GM B) Daimler AG C) Toyota D) Ford E) Chrysler

c

59) The basis for global marketing expert David Arnold's framework for screening intercountry comparisons include: A) demographic data. B) "top-down" segmentation analysis. C) "bottom-up" segmentation analysis. D) income level. E) population data

c

6) A. Coskun Samli had developed a useful approach to global market segmentation that compares and contrasts "conventional" versus "unconventional" wisdom. An example of unconventional (độc đáo) wisdom can be identified with one of the following assumptions: A) Since per capita annual income in India is about $1,420, all Indians have low income. B) Consumers in Europe and Latin America are interested in World Cup soccer whereas Americans are not. C) There is a presence of a higher-income, middle-class segment in India. D) The potential customer base for McDonald's in India is greater than in any developed country. E) There is no running water and electricity in India.

c

60) The worldview of a company's personnel can be described by all of the following types of orientation except: A) Ethnocentric. B) Geocentric. C) Technocentric. D) Polycentric. E) Regiocentric

c

61) Which of the following actions were approved both by the Antitrust Review in the EU as well as in the United States? A) acquisition of Honeywell (U.S.) by GE (U.S.) B) joint venture between music businesses of EMI group (Great Britain) and Time Warner (U.S.) C) merger of Sony Music (Japan) and BMG (Germany) D) merger of WorldCom (U.S.) and MCI (U.S.) E) British Airways (U.K.) and American Airlines (U.S.)

c

64) The lesson that SRC (Self-Reference Criterion) teaches can be summarized as: A) a person's perception of market needs is framed by others cultural experience. B) the perceptual blockage and distortion about cultures are hard to reduce. C) an unbiased perception is a vital and critical skill in global marketing. D) an unconscious reference to one's cultural values is critical in global marketing. E) the prior success and ethnocentrism can override the SRC.

c

64) Which of the following best describes the legal basis for protection of trade secrets, patents, and copyrights in the United States? A) Trade secrets, patents, and copyrights are protected by federal statutes. B) Trade secrets, patents, and copyrights are protected by state law. C) Trade secrets are protected by state law, while patents and copyrights are protected by federal statutes. D) Trade secrets are protected by federal statutes, while patents and copyrights are protected by state law. E) Trade secrets, patents, and copyrights are not protected by any laws.

c

66) ________ are variously referred to as buyer for export, export commission house, or export confirming house. A) Export brokers B) Export merchants C) Foreign purchasing agents D) Export managers E) Manufacturer's agents

c

67) The following criminal penalties may be imposed for violations of the FCPA'S (Foreign Corrupt Practices Act) antibribery provisions except: A) corporations are subject to a fine of up to $2,000,000. B) officers, directors, stockholders, employees, and agents are subject to a fine of up to $100,000. C) fines imposed on individuals can be paid by their employer or principal. D) the fines may be much higher, up to twice the benefit sought by the defendant. E) in addition to fines, there may be imprisonment for up to five years.

c

67) ________ is sometimes called a mother hen, a piggyback exporter, or an export vendor A) Export broker B) Export merchant C) Cooperative exporter D) Export manager E) Manufacturer's agent

c

7) In order to prevent a licensor-competitor from gaining unilateral benefit, licensing agreements should provide for: A) contract manufacturing. B) franchising. C) cross licensing. D) strategic decision making. E) adaptation for local tastes.

c

70) Suppose Apple has collected extensive survey data about its new iPhone, and respondents have rated it on 20 different features and benefits. Now researchers want to reduce the amount of data to a few underlying dimensions. Which data analysis technique should the researchers use? A) analogy B) conjoint analysis C) factor analysis D) multidimensional scaling E) cluster analysis

c

48) Predicting economic and income growth rates is particularly important when researching which type of market? A) existing markets B) latent markets C) parallel markets D) incipient markets E) local markets

d

74) A market researcher who uses multidimensional scaling (MDS) will: A) attempt to estimate market size by analogy. B) ask respondents to rate a particular product or brand in terms of multiple characteristics or attributes. C) ask respondents to evaluate product or brand pairs in terms of similarity. D) attempt to determine the combination of product features that create the greatest utility for consumers. E) conduct a focus group

c

74) According to EU regulations, Kraft parmesan cheese cannot be sold in Europe because: A) it is expensive when compared to local products. B) it is considered genetically modified agricultural product. C) terms such as "Parmesan" is used on the package labels.. D) it does not contain salt and an enzyme. E) it contains synthetic cellulose powder

c

74) In the 1990s, Philips Electronics developed a new consumer electronics product called the Digital Compact Cassette (DCC) player. DCC allowed users to record and playback in a new digital format; DCC was also designed to play the older, analog cassette tapes that many people own. This latter feature reflects which of the following characteristics of innovations? A) relative advantage B) communicability C) compatibility D) complexity E) divisibility

c

75) "Discussion and consensus must be the norms. Partners must be viewed as equals." When applied to global strategic partnerships, this statement indicates the importance of which factor? A) mission B) strategy C) governance D) culture E) organization

c

77) If a marketing manager plans to enter newly industrializing-countries (NICs) or other Asia markets with a product that has proved to be successful in the home market, the product's diffusion processes are likely to be: A) negligible since consumers will take time to assess the relative advantage. B) much slower than in the home market. C) much faster than in the home market. D) similar to that in the home market. E) less compatible in the Asian market.

c

77) The possible arrangements for handling exports include all of the following except: A) as a part-time activity performed by domestic employees. B) through an export partner affiliated with the domestic marketing structure that takes possession of the goods before they leave the country. C) as a low-cost arrangement requiring no additional personnel. D) through an export department within an international division. E) for multidivisional companies, each of the preceding options is available.

c

79) Critics warn that employees of a company that become reliant on an outside supplier for critical components will: A) encourage outsourcing B) become used to value-added components C) lose expertise and engineering skills D) use time for developing other skills E) look for employment with competitors

c

79) Political and social instability in the Middle Eastern region can primarily be attributed to: A) desert conditions and lack of agricultural land. B) cultural differences among nations. C) a wide gap between rich and poor nations due to oil revenues. D) lack of water purification facilities. E) the "Arab Spring

c

8) Based on 2013 projections, the top 10 nations ranked by per capita income does not include: A) Switzerland. B) Qatar. C) Russia. D) Norway. E) Australia

c

8) CRM tools allow companies such as Credit Suisse, AT&T, Hewlett-Packard and others to determine: A) warranty of products sold to consumers. B) amount paid by consumers in different countries. C) which customers are most valuable. D) the use of credit cards for payment. E) the use of laptop computers by customers.

c

80) Boeing developed the wide-bodied aircraft, the 777, with about ________ of the work subcontracted out to Mitsubishi, Fuji, and Kawasaki. A) 50% B) 25% C) 20% D) 60% E) 75%

c

80) The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) includes all of the following countries except: A) Kuwait. B) Saudi Arabia. C) Iraq. D) Bahrain. E) Oman.

c

81) A number of factors combine to make Russia an excellent location for an alliance which do not include: A) a well-educated workforce. B) quality is important to Russian consumers. C) abundance of supplies. D) potential for economic growth. E) potential for growth in service sector

c

82) In spite of having about 45% of the world's known oil reserves, Saudi Arabia and other Middle Eastern countries post current-account deficits, largely because: A) of poor accounting practices. B) of vast economic diversification. C) they must import most of the goods and services. D) most of the oil is exported. E) new businesses are being developed

c

84) The Swatch Group markets watches in all price ranges, from the Swatch brand at the low end to luxury brands such as Longines, Blancpain, and Breguet. Which target market strategy does this illustrate? A) standardized global marketing B) concentrated global marketing C) differentiated global marketing D) psychographic global marketing E) none of the above

c

86) In the United States, some people believe that globalization has depressed the wages of American workers resulting in the loss of both blue-collar and white-collar jobs. This is an example of: A) discrimination. B) domination. C) globaphobia. D) management myopia. E) economic crisis

c

86) The Middle East and North Africa are sometimes viewed as a regional entity referred to as: A) GCC. B) AMU. C) MENA. D) ACC. E) ECOWAS.

c

86) When countries or regions experience currency and/or economic stress, all of the following events can take place except: A) increased exposure to certain risks. B) new profit opportunities. C) lower local currency financing costs. D) bad debts occur. E) cancellation of aircraft equipment sales.

c

87) Which of the following completely eliminates the risk of nonpayment by an importer or a bank in an international transaction? A) documentary credit (letter of credit) B) documentary collection C) cash in advance D) sales on open account E) draft

c

89) A company stands a better chance of having an international arbitration award upheld if its home-country government has signed: A) the Paris Convention. B) the Prague Convention. C) the New York Convention. D) the Vienna Convention. E) the Geneva Convention.

c

55) Even though the dollar value of the home market for Japanese companies is the third largest in the world, the market outside Japan is ________ of the world market potential for Japanese companies. A) 40% B) 55% C) 70% D) 90% E) 95%

d

91) Whirlpool conducts usability studies that provide insight into the ways consumers interact with its products. In one study in an emerging market, engineers and designers stood behind a two-way mirror and watched as a volunteer put groceries away in a Kenmore Elite refrigerator. The Whirlpool team recorded a variety of data, such as the amount of time required for the volunteer to finish the task and the number of features used. The basis of this research study was based on the fact that: A) listening to customers is only possible in America. B) data collected in the United States should be applicable in other countries. C) consumers in different countries prefer different types of features. D) in China, it will be difficult to find enough space in homes to put a refrigerator. E) in India, refrigerators are seldom used by customers.

c

92) Which of the following financing methods would be used by an exporter that enjoys good relations with a buyer in a well-established market? A) letter of credit B) cash in advance C) sales on open account D) barter E) arrival draft

c

92) Which of the following is not true of Japanese keiretsu? A) promotes risk sharing B) promotes long-term employment C) ensures low prices for Japanese consumers D) blocks foreign suppliers from the Japanese market E) relationships are cemented by bank ownership

c

93) BMW advertises its cars as the "ultimate driving machine" which is described as positioning based on: A) high touch. B) use/user. C) attribute/benefit. D) competition. E) quality/price.

c

95) Which of the following is generally true about the marketing of high-touch products such as fine china and crystal? A) It relies equally on specialized information and image. B) It relies less on image and more on specialized information. C) It relies less on specialized information and more on image. D) Neither image nor specialized information is relevant to the marketing of high-touch products. E) It relies partially on specialized information and partially on image.

c

97) When a marketer understands that a product satisfies a buyer's rational criteria while also evoking an emotional response, the marketer should: A) only target consumers in high-income countries. B) utilize a multi-tiered targeting strategy rather than a concentrated strategy. C) commission psychographic segmentation studies to augment demographic data. D) create advertising that reflects a bipolar, high-tech and high-touch approach. E) follow normal targeting strategy.

c

98) Which of the following is true of advertising for the Heineken and Foster's brands in the United States? A) Both Heineken and Foster's utilize the GCCP strategy. B) Both Heineken and Foster's utilize the FCCP strategy. C) Heineken utilizes the GCCP strategy; Foster's utilizes the FCCP strategy. D) Heineken utilizes the FCCP strategy; Foster's utilizes the GCCP strategy. E) Heineken utilizes the LCCP strategy; Foster's utilizes the GCCP strategy.

c

99) The world's best-known cosmetics companies are setting their sights on a lucrative new market segment: the emerging middle classes in countries such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China. However, these companies have to understand: A) that women's preferences for cosmetics are same in all countries. B) that Chinese consumers are not willing to invest in beauty products. C) what beauty means to Chinese women. D) that working Indian women currently prefer only local brands. E) cosmetics are preferred mostly by the top end of the market in China.

c

99) Which of the following refers to a system of farm subsidies in Europe? A) CVD B) FSC C) CAP D) HTS E) NTR

c

QN=10 A company that succeeds in global marketing a. pursues a "one size fits all" strategy by creating identical products for homogeneous markets. b. customizes special products for each world country or region c creates both standardized and localized products d. nurtures an ethnocentric management orientation e. uses localized products only.

c

QN=14 Key characteristics of the Anglo Saxon model market system consists of private ownership and: a. "social partners" orientation b. inflexible employment policies c free enterprise economy d. mix of state ownership e. generous social safety net

c

QN=15 For decades, the economies of China, the former Soviet Union, and India functioned according to the tenets of: a. market capitalism b. market socialism c centrally planned socialism d. centrally planned capitalism e. market capitalism and socialistic capitalism

c

QN=16 The Washington, D.C.-based Heritage Foundation survey consists of over 178 countries ranked by degree of economic freedom. The key economic variables considered for this ranking include all of the following except a. taxation policy b. government consumption of economic output c percent foreign ownership d. banking policy e. wage and price control

c

QN=17 The only two countries where Coca-Cola is not available through authorized channels are: a. India and China b. North Korea and South Korea c Cuba and North Korea d. Cuba and Venezuela e. Singapore and Indonesia

c

QN=20 The majority of the world's population is included in the following economic category: a. high-income countries b. upper-middle-income countries c lower-middle-income countries d. low-income countries e. lower-upper-income countries

c

QN=21 The majority of the world's population is included in the following economic category: a. weekly b. monthly c annually d. biannually e. fortnightly

c

QN=26 The country that withdrew from the original members of the Andean Community is a. Singapore b. Thailand c. India d. Philippines e. Brunei

c

QN=28 Which of the following ASEAN countries alone accounts for more than one-third of 2014 two-way trade exports with the United States? a. Brunei b. Malaysia c. Singapore d. Thailand e. Vietnam

c

QN=3 Starbucks dropped the word "Coffee" from its logo. This is an example of: a. Standardization b. Adaptation. c Diversification. d. Automation. e. Modernization.

c

QN=31 While marketers should be secure in their own convictions and traditions, ________ are required to appreciate the integrity and value of other ways of life and points of view a. standard of living and stage of economic development b. production process and standards of measurement c. open mind and absence of prejudice d. degree of nationalism and economic community membership e. fast food culture and slow food culture

c

QN=33 While some food preferences remain deeply embedded in culture, there is plenty of evidence that global dietary preferences are converging. Examples of such a change can be predicted from the: a. popularity of Domino's Pizza in Italy. b. preference for local hamburgers from a local chain, Jollibee's, in the Philippines c. growing number of McDonald's restaurants globally d. increased sales of soups and noodles in Thailand e. popularity of Chinese foods in Taiwan

c

QN=34 When the Coca-Cola Company was developing its new Dasani bottled water brand, linguists helped guide the naming process. For example, the recurring "a" was chosen because it has a soothing sound. In linguistics, issues pertaining to letters and sounds are a matter of a. syntax b. synonym c. Phonology (âm vị học) d. semiotics e. semantics

c

QN=37 Two countries that score low in uncertainty avoidance (e ngại rủi ro) are a. Austria and Belgium b. Japan and Hong Kong c. United States and Switzerland d. Denmark and Finland. e. Ireland and Italy

c

QN=42 Bureaucracy is listed as a political risk category by: a. BERI (Business Environment Risk Intelligence). b. PRS Group. c. EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit). d. WTO (World Trade Organization). e. OPIC (Overseas Private Investment Corporation).

c

QN=44 The governmental action to dispossess a foreign company or investor is known as: a. compensation. b. confiscation. c. expropriation. (sự tước đoạt) d. internationalization. e. nationalization.

c

QN=48 Any western country doing business in Malaysia or the Middle East should have an understanding of: a. the French Civil Code. b. Anglo-Saxon common law. c. Islamic law. d. the Uniform Commercial Code. e. Roman law and the Napoleonic Code.

c

QN=50 In accordance with GATT, new U.S. patents are granted for a period of ________ years from the filing date. a. 10 b. 17 c. 20 d. 27 e. 30

c

QN=52 CRM tools does not help companies in determining: a. warranty of products sold to consumers. b. amount paid by consumers in different countries. c. which customers are very demanding. d. the use of credit cards for payment. e. the use of laptop computers by customers.

c

QN=61 When identifying global market segments, a fundamental guiding principle should be the need to determine: a. shared demographic characteristics. b. similar languages. c. similar needs and buying behavior. d. similar ethnic backgrounds. e. similar geographic regions.

c

QN=63 Psychographic segmentation involves grouping people in terms of their: a. combined household income. b. age and income. c. attitudes, values, and lifestyle. d. psychological well being. e. gender.

c

QN=69 Positioning refers to the act of: a. determining what areas of the globe to target. b. ensuring a choice retail shelf location. c. differentiating a brand in customer's mind. d. formulating a private label strategy. e. formulating a companion product.

c

QN=85 The term strategic alliances, strategic international alliances and global strategic partner ships (GSPs) are a. Three characteristics of strategic alliances b. Used to manage business strategy c. Frequently used to refer to linkages among companies from different countries to jointly pursue a common goal d. Used to strengthening relationships e. None of the a bove

c

QN=9 Harley-Davidson's competitive advantage is based, in part, on it's a. shifting production outside of the United States b. new production facility in China c "Made in the USA" positioning d. simultaneous production of Buell Motorcycles. e. acquiring MV Augusta, an Italian motorcycle manufacturer

c

) An intern from the United Kingdom was working in an American software company during summers. One day her boss gave her a memo asking her to post it, with the intention of having it put on the bulletin board. To her boss's surprise the letter was mailed by the intern since the word "post" means "mail" in British English. In communication terms this error can be attributed due to: A) syntax. B) phonology. C) morphology. D) semantics. E) semiotics.

d

1) For Starbucks and other companies whose business models include a service component, it is not recommended that they use one of the following methods for going global. A) joint ventures B) licensing C) 100-percent ownership D) exporting E) franchising

d

10) Would-be franchisors ask all of the following questions except one before expanding overseas: A) How tough is the local competition? B) Does the government respect trademark and copyrights? C) Can profits be easily repatriated? D) Can products be easily counterfeited? (giả mạo) E) Is commercial space available?

d

103) Restrictive administrative and technical regulations can create barriers to trade which may take all of the following forms except: A) antidumping regulations. B) product size regulations. C) safety and health regulations. D) common agricultural policies. E) safety and pollution regulations.

d

13) McDonald's operates in over 118 countries; however, 80% of its restaurants are located in nine countries which does not include the following country market: A) Australia. B) Brazil. C) Germany. D) India. E) Japan.

d

13) McDonald's success in franchising in global markets can be attributed to several factors which do not include: A) a well known global brand name. B) a business system that can be easily replicated. C) local market knowledge. D) cross licensing. E) granting franchisees leeway to tailor menu offerings to suit local tastes

d

14) The concentration of wealth in a handful of industrialized countries has significant implications for global marketers. After segmenting in terms of a single demographic variable-income- a company can reach the most affluent markets which does not include: A) half of the EU nations B) all of North America C) Canada and Mexico D) 90 percent of the world's population E) Japan.

d

46) Which of the following would constitute a copyright violation? A) manufacturing and selling illegal videocassette copies of "Spiderman 2" B) manufacturing and selling illegal copies of Levi "501" jeans C) printing and selling illegal copies of Harry Potter books D) A, B, and C are copyright violations. E) A and B are copyright violations

d

16) Renault and its rivals are racing to offer middle-class consumers a new value proposition by selling cars for the equivalent of $10,000 or less. On the heels of Renault's success with Dacia Logan came the $2,500 Nano from India's Tata Motors. This illustrates that: A) consumers are looking for low price irrespective of quality. B) Renault is overcharging for their cars compared to their competitors. C) higher product development costs are a driving force behind globalization. D) market success depends on reaching a threshold of acceptable quality for consumers. E) cars are not very popular in emerging markets like India.

d

22) The law of disproportionality suggests that ________ percent of the company's menu or profits are accounted for the 20 percent of a firm's products or customers. A) 50 B) 60 C) 70 D) 80 E) 90

d

25) "Usage rates" and "user status" are important criteria for which segmentation variable? A) demographic B) occupational C) psychographic D) behavioral E) benefit

d

26) Campbell's Soup is making significant inroads into Japan's $500 million soup market as time-pressed homemakers place a premium on convenience. This type of consumer segmentation by Campbell's Soup is referred to as: A) demographic. B) occupational. C) psychographic. D) benefit. E) behavioral.

d

27) According to Euromonitor International, the global market for foods that offer health benefits is currently worth about $________ billion in annual sales. A) 300 B) 400 C) 500 D) 600 E) 700.

d

28) Nutraceuticals are health food products which are manufactured by: A) Kraft foods. B) General Mills C) Campbell's soups. D) Nestlé foods. E) Gerber foods.

d

28) Walmart's exit from the German market was due, in part, to the fact that German shoppers could find lower prices at stores known as: A) All-in-one stores. B) Dollar stores. C) Discount sores. D) Hard discounters. E) Fresh & Easy stores.

d

29) Honda has invested $550 million in building an assembly plant in Greensburg, Indiana; IKEA spent nearly $2 billion to open stores in Russia; and South Korea's LG Electronics purchased a 58% stake in Zenith Electronics. All of these are examples of: A) acquisition. B) licensing. C) franchising. D) FDI. E) exporting.

d

29) The German civil-law tradition prevails in all of the following countries except: A) Poland. B) Hungary. C) Czech Republic. D) Scandinavia. E) Germany.

d

3) There is nothing inherently "good" or "bad" about any color of the spectrum and all associations and perceptions regarding color arise from culture. Which of the following statements is not true? A) Red is a popular color in most parts of the world. B) Red color is associated with "active," "vibrant," and "emotional." C) Red color is preferred in many countries since it is the color of blood. D) Red color is highly preferred in some African countries. E) Red color is tied to the traditions of viticulture and winemaking.

d

3) Which form of regional cooperation agreement, when fully implemented, entails creation of a unified central bank, the use of a single currency, and common policies on agriculture, social services, and welfare? A) Free trade area B) Customs union C) Common market D) Economic union E) Dispute settlement body

d

30) Strictly speaking, a (n) ________ is an entry strategy for a single target country in which the partners share ownership of a newly created business entity. A) acquisition B) licensing C) franchising D) joint venture E) exporting

d

32) The export and import process can entail red tape and bureaucratic delays. In an effort to facilitate exports, countries are designating certain areas as: A) import control zones. B) special tariff zones. C) global business zones. D) free trade zones. E) duty free zones.

d

33) Which of the following does not fit into the sequence of experiences Anheuser-Busch had in Japan? A) Anheuser-Busch first entered Japan by means of a licensing agreement with Suntory, the smallest brewery in Japan. B) Anheuser-Busch created a joint venture with Kirin Brewery, the market leader. C) Anheuser-Busch dissolved the joint venture with Kirin Brewery. D) Anheuser-Busch entered into a joint venture with Kirin Brewery. E) Anheuser-Busch reverted to a licensing agreement with Kirin Brewery.

d

34) Implementation of the Central American Free Trade Agreement with the United States created a free trade area known as DR-CAFTA that includes all SICA members except: A) Honduras. B) Guatemala. C) Nicaragua. D) Panama. E) Costa Rica.

d

36) Toyota learned many things from its partnership with GM, however American managers involved in the venture complained that: A) Toyota learned many things about the U.S. supply system. B) Toyota learned about the U.S. transport system. C) Toyota learned about managing American workers. D) Toyota did not apply manufacturing expertise at GM plant. E) Toyota applied its expertise at its Camry plant.

d

4) An ________ system allows a company's business units to submit orders, issue invoices, and conduct business electronically with other company units as well as outside companies. A) Internet B) intranet C) ECR D) EDI E) EPOS

d

40) Ford Motor Company (United States) has a 50-50 joint venture to build Ford Fiestas with: A) Toyota (Japan). B) Shanghai Automotive Industry (China). C) BMW (Germany). D) Mahindra & Mahindra (India). E) Mazda (Japan).

d

41) Upper-middle-income countries that achieve the highest rates of economic growth are sometimes referred to collectively as: A) LDCs. B) BEMs. C) BRICs. D) NIEs. E) BOPs.

d

45) For consumer products, qualitative research is especially well suited to accomplish all of the following tasks except: A) provide consumer understanding. B) describe the social and cultural context of consumer behavior. C) identify core brand equity and brands. D) assess consumer spending trends. E) what consumers really feel

d

45) Pursuing alternative sources of energy, such as wind and solar power, is important due to the fact that: A) people in developing countries are more conscious about the environment. B) global marketers are more interested in publicizing environmental issues. C) it is easy to develop solar power in many parts of the world. D) heavy reliance on fossil fuels contributes to global warming. E) people worldwide can afford to buy power generated from wind and solar.

d

56) European consumers have faced a number of food-related issues, including an outbreak of hoof-and-mouth disease and continuing concerns over mad cow disease. As a result, many are skeptical about GMOs (genetically-modified organisms) and the benefits of eating food products that incorporate genetically-engineered ingredients. As one French citizen noted recently, "We have a very risk-averse society that has been completely traumatized by food scares." Thinking about this situation in terms of Hofstede's cultural values framework, one might reasonably interpret this remark to indicate that France ranks relatively high in: A) Power Distance. B) Short-term Orientation. C) Masculinity. D) Uncertainty Avoidance. E) Individualism.

d

56) In Singapore, Coca-Cola wanted to develop an advertisement program. They selected a group of teenagers and a trained moderator facilitated discussion asking questions related to brand's image, advertisement, social trends, TV watching habits, and snack usage. This type of research is called: A) survey research. B) observational studies. C) comparison studies. D) focus group research. E) experimental research.

d

56) Which of the following is true about protection of computer software? A) Copyright laws protect both the actual code and the idea embodied in the code. B) Patent laws protect both the actual code and the idea embodied in the code. C) Patent laws protect the actual code, while copyright laws protect the idea. D) Copyright laws protect the actual code, while patent laws protect the idea. E) License protects both the actual code and the idea embodied in the code.

d

57) Which of the following is true about revised U.S. patent laws? A) Patents are valid for 17 years after the patent is granted. B) Patents are valid for 17 years after the patent is filed. C) Patents are valid for 20 years after the patent is granted. D) Patents are valid for 20 years after the filing date of the application. E) Patents are valid as long as the product is manufactured.

d

61) Procter & Gamble's introduction of All-Temperature Cheer laundry detergent in Japan was a flop at first. The problem was that Japanese women wash clothes in cold water-either tap water or leftover bath water-so they don't care about all-temperature washing (which is a big selling point in the United States). Also, Cheer was first introduced in Japan at a time when the market for fabric softeners in Japan was rapidly expanding. However, when Japanese housewives added lots of fabric softener to the water, Cheer didn't produce many suds (Americans don't use as much fabric softener). P&G reformulated the product so it wouldn't be affected by fabric softeners, and ads for Cheer in Japan pledged superior cleaning in cold water, not all temperatures. Which of the following might have helped P&G avoid the initial problems with Cheer? A) Maslow's hierarchy B) high vs. low context culture C) diffusion of innovation D) self-reference criterion E) polycentric orientation

d

62) The Walt Disney Company's decision to build a theme park in France provides an excellent vehicle to understanding SRC (Self-Reference Criterion). All of the statements listed below portray this meaning except: A) Disney executives believed there is virtually unlimited demand for American cultural exports. B) French are sensitive about American cultural imperialism. C) Consuming wine with the midday meal is a long-established custom which was not realized by Disney executives. D) Disney executives were blinded by their prior success and ethnocentrism. E) The SRC can be a powerful negative force in global business.

d

65) The U.S. Justice Department objected to a recent patent license agreement between S.C. Johnson & Sons and Bayer AG. The antitrust unit at the Justice department objected to: A) the duration of the license. B) the amount of royalties Johnson agreed to pay. C) Bayer's attempts to circumvent FDA policies. D) the exclusive nature of the license agreement. E) the hostile arrangement between Bayer and Johnson.

d

66) A competitive business environment is now characterized by all of the following characteristics except: A) unprecedented degrees of turbulence. B) dynamism. C) unpredictability. D) inadaptability. E) environmental responsiveness.

d

67) European countries will definitely benefit by having an FTA with the United States. However there are some sticky points which need resolution. All of the following points need consideration except: A) that the EU restricts the import of most genetically modified crops, which are common in the United States. B) further reduction of tariffs which now average between 2 and 3 percent. C) a variety of regulations that hamper cross-border investment and purchasing. D) the US government would like easing of restrictions for purchasing European goods. E) the name "Parmesan" applied to the "cows-milk" cheese

d

68) Which of the following is not a characteristic of global strategic alliances? A) Participants maintain independence outside the framework of alliance. B) Participants share benefits as well as control. C) Participants make ongoing contributions in technology, products, and other areas. D) Participants focus on an individual country market. E) Participants share benefits of the alliance.

d

70) ________ is an independent marketing intermediary that acts as the export department for two or more manufacturers whose product lines do not compete with each other. A) Manufacturer's export agent B) Export commission representative C) Export merchant D) Export management company E) Cooperative exporter

d

71) ________ are licensed specialists in traffic operations, customs clearance, and shipping tariffs and schedules. They can be considered as the travel agents for handling export goods. A) Foreign purchasing agents B) Export brokers C) Export merchants D) Freight forwarders E) Cooperative exporters

d

72) The United States' growing trade deficit reflects a number of factors which exclude: A) increased imports from China. B) a seemingly insatiable consumer demand for imported goods. C) the enormous cost of military operations in the Middle East. D) the services trade surplus. E) record goods sales to developing countries.

d

79) One of the major issues in trade relations between the high- and lower-income countries is trade in: A) automobiles. B) computers. C) textiles. D) services. E) shoes.

d

82) The Big Mac Index shows that the price of the Big Mac in China converted from the local currency, the yuan, to be $2.18, whereas its price in the United States is $3.73. This shows that: A) the Big Mac is more popular in China than in the United States. B) the Big Mac is less expensive in the United States than in China. C) the Chinese yuan is overvalued when compared to US $. D) the Chinese yuan is undervalued against the US $. E) beef is less expensive in China than in the United States.

d

82) When companies operate abroad in the absence of home-country legal constraints, the best choice for ethical conduct would be: A) to ignore bribery and act as if it does not exist. B) to maintain home-country ethics worldwide with no adaptations. C) to abandon any attempt to maintain company ethics. D) to have a product that is clearly superior to that of the competition. E) to adapt in varying degrees to local customs and practices.

d

83) One Friday a few years ago, the Big Mac Index suggested that the yen was overvalued relative to the dollar by 70%. When currency markets opened on the following Monday, anyone using the Big Mac Index would conclude that the yen was only 20% overvalued relative to the dollar. What is the most likely explanation for this? A) Japan's Central Bank acted to prop up the yen. B) Inflation in Japan suddenly spiked upward. C) McDonald's headquarters stopped hedging. D) McDonald's Japan reduced the yen price of a Big Mac. E) McDonald's Japan increased the yen price of a Big Mac.

d

87) In India, only about 10% of men who shave use Gillette razors. Worldwide, 50% of male shavers use Gillette products. To achieve greater penetration in India, Gillette rolled out a no-frills brand that costs 15 rupee ---- about 34 cents. The Gillette Guard has a lighter handle that is cheaper to produce. It also lacks the lubrication strip found in Gillette's more expensive razors, and replacement blades cost only 5 rupees (11 cents). This use of data and process are described as: A) demand pattern analysis. B) income elastic analysis. C) factor analysis. D) market estimation by analogy. E) multidimensional scaling.

d

87) McDonald's has been in many country markets long enough that a new generation of consumers has grown up with McDonald's and are not aware of the company's U.S. origins. On the basis of this summary, what is the highest stage of corporate development that McDonald's arguably has achieved? A) international B) multinational C) global D) transnational E) myopic

d

87) The world's newest common market includes all of the following countries except: A) Kenya B) Tanzania C) Rwanda D) Nigeria E) Burundi

d

9) Pollo Campero, a chicken restaurant chain based in Central America, is using the following method for expanding operations in the United States: A) joint ventures. B) licensing. C) exporting. D) franchising. E) acquisition.

d

90) A market research study of soft drink consumption and distribution in Hungary commissioned by an American company indicated that soft drinks were available in drugstores. However, Western-style drugstores do not exist in Hungary. This illustrates an important issue in global marketing research, namely: A) inflated data. B) using convenience samples. C) market estimation by analogy. D) comparability of data. E) using multiple dimensional scaling.

d

90) A massive effort dubbed as "Mose Project" is underway in Venice in order to: A) promote passive tourism. B) reduce the number of billboards on historic sites. C) provide biblical information to tourists. D) prevent flooding. E) modernize accommodations.

d

90) Other than tariffs, there are certain problems that restrict free trade between the European Union and the United States which includes all of the following except: A) use of genetically modified agricultural products. B) product labeling. C) Hollywood movie domination. D) Internet usage. E) cultural diversity

d

91) Which of the following arranges export financing payment methods in descending order starting with the most secure/reliable and ending with the least secure/reliable? A) sales on open account→cash in advance→documentary credit (L/C)→documentary collection (draft) B) documentary credit (L/C)→sales on open account→documentary collection (draft)→cash in advance C) documentary collection (draft)→documentary credit (L/C)→cash in advance→sales on open account D) cash in advance→documentary credit (L/C)→documentary collection (draft)→sales on open account E) none of the above

d

93) Which of the following methods of financing would be used if the exporting and importing parties had a strong, long-standing relationship? A) documentary credit (letter of credit) B) documentary collection C) cash in advance D) sales on open account E) bank draft

d

98) The organizational decision to purchase production inputs, components, or finished goods from domestic or foreign producers is known as the ________ decision. A) import/export B) NTB C) preferential D) sourcing E) security

d

QN=12 During the past two decades, the world economic environment has become increasingly dynamic. To achieve success, executives and marketers must take into account all of the following realities except: a. capital movements have replaced trade as the driving force of the world economy. b. production has become "uncoupled" from employment c the world economy dominates the scene d. the struggle between capitalism and socialism continues e. the growth of e-commerce diminishes the importance of national barriers

d

QN=2 In global markets, Starbucks is a good example of simultaneously executing all of the growth strategies except: a. Market penetration b. Market development. c Product development d. Market orientation. e. Diversification.

d

QN=22 Arrange the following in order from lowest to highest level of economic integration a. customs union→economic union→free trade area→common market b. economic union→customs union→common market→free trade area c common market→free trade area→economic union→customs union d. free trade area→customs union→common market→economic union e. common market→economic union→customs union→free trade area

d

QN=39 Which of the following shows the correct order of the product adoption process? a. evaluation→trial→awareness→interest→adoption b. trial→interest→evaluation→awareness→adoption c. interest→awareness→adoption→trial→evaluation d. awareness→interest→evaluation→trial→adoption e. adoption→evaluation→trial→interest→awareness

d

QN=4 McDonald's developed a vegetarian burger in India. This is an example of: a. Market Penetration b. Market Development c Market Diversification. d. Product Development. e. Global Marketing.

d

QN=46 The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) is fully adopted by all U.S. states except: a. Virginia. b. North Dakota. c. Wisconsin. d. Louisiana. e. Montana.

d

44) According to the authors of the Harvard Business Review article, "Serving the World's Poor, Profitably," which of the following is a mistaken assumption that global companies might have about the BOP (bottom of the pyramid)? A) The poor have no money. B) The poor are too concerned with fulfilling basic needs to "waste" money on nonessential goods. C) People in BOP markets will be criticized for exploiting the poor. D) People in BOP markets cannot use advanced technology. E) All of the above are mistaken assumptions discussed by the authors.

e

44) The unauthorized publication or reproduction of copyrighted work is referred to as: A) associative counterfeit. B) imitation. C) mistake. D) trade secrets. E) piracy

e

44) Which automaker owns an equity stake in Japan's Nissan Motor? A) GM B) Volkswagen C) Ford D) DaimlerChrysler E) Renault

e

44) Which of the following is not recommended by expert David Arnold for companies engaged in global market research? A) use multiple indicators B) develop customized measures specific to an industry or product C) conduct comparative assessments in neighboring countries D) observation should be weighted more heavily than statements of purchase intention E) assess a particular market in isolation

e

46) Avon Products uses ________ to enter developing markets. A) franchising and licensing B) joint venture and licensing C) acquisition and franchising D) licensing and franchising E) acquisition and joint ventures

e

47) According to Geert Hofstede, which of the following is a key cultural dimension that helps account for rapid economic growth in Asia? A) power distance B) individualist/collectivist C) feminine/masculine D) uncertainty avoidance E) long-term orientation

e

49) The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is comprised of: A) the 34 high-income countries. B) countries that believe in market-allocation economic systems. C) pluralistic democracies. D) countries that demonstrate progress toward economic reform. E) All of the above statements are applicable.

e

49) When a survey questionnaire in English is translated into Korean for use in South Korea and then translated back into English to check its accuracy, it is described as: A) incipient translation. B) comparative translation. C) native translation. D) parallel translation. E) back translation.

e

50) The term "Expanded Triad" includes all of the following countries or regions except: A) Japan. B) United States. C) Canada. D) Mexico. E) Russia.

e

50) Tools that can be used for collecting primary data include: A) survey research and interviews. B) consumer panels and observation. C) focus groups and survey research. D) interviews and observation. E) all of the above

e

51) The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has become more focused on global issues, social policy, and labor market regulations as seen by: A) addressing the vexing problem of bribery. B) requiring members to cooperate when pursuing bribery allegations. C) helping members candidly assess their own economic policies. D) member nations working together in committees to review social policies. E) all of the above

e

52) All of the following statements are true regarding services provided by Uber except: A) in Brussels, a court fines drivers who use the service B) in London and other major cities, drivers have staged demonstrations claiming unfair competition. C) regulators in Germany succeeded in obtaining a temporary injunction banning the service. D) Uber was banned in the Delhi region after a driver was accused of sexually assaulting a female passenger. E) Uber is considered as an "information-society service" in 250 cities where it operates

e

53) A marketer of breakfast cereals might send researchers to preselected households at 6 A.M. to watch families go about their morning routines. The client could also assign a researcher to accompany family members to the grocery store to record their behavior under actual shopping conditions. This type of research method is considered as: A) focus group. B) invasion of privacy. C) consumer panel study. D) factor analysis. E) observation.

e

53) Today, the success of Honda and Toyota in world markets is primarily due to: A) exporting cars from factories in Japan. B) reporting cars are made in the USA. C) exporting cars from Japan to European countries. D) assembling cars in Japan and Europe. E) manufacturing cars in the Americas, Asia, and Europe.

e

53) Which is not considered as a long-term value? A) persistence B) sense of shame C) thrift D) ordering relationships E) search for truth

e

53) Which of the following statements is not accurate? A) India's teledensity-a measure of ownership of private telephones-is only 20% of population. B) In China, saturation levels of private motor vehicles and personal computers (PCs) are quite low. C) In 2001, EU had 49 cars per 100 people. D) In Russia, 200 people out of 1,000 own cars. E) In India, 150 people out of 1,000 own cars.

e

56) According to the Fortune magazine's ranking of the global 500 companies for 2014, the largest corporation based on revenues is: A) Exxon Corporation. B) Toyota Motors. C) Royal Dutch Shell. D) General Electric. E) Walmart stores.

e

58) The feasibility of targeting a particular market segment can be negatively impacted by various factors. Which of the following is not of those factors? A) regulatory hurdles. B) cultural barriers. C) lack of distribution system. D) time required to establish business. E) surplus demand

e

59) The European Commission has jurisdiction over European-based companies as well as non-European ones that generate significant revenues in Europe. If Microsoft applies in Europe, the Commission has a right to all of the following except: A) it can block a proposed merger. B) it can block a proposed joint venture. C) it can approve with minor modifications. D) it can demand substantial concessions before granting approval. E) it can refer serious matters to the UN Security Council.

e

6) The possible arrangements of the responsibilities for handling exports include all of the following except: A) as a part-time activity performed by domestic employees. B) through an export partner affiliated with the domestic marketing structure. C) through an export department within an international division. D) through an export department that is independent of the domestic marketing structure. E) through an export department of an embassy in a foreign country.

e

62) Consten, a French company, had exclusive rights to import and distribute German Grundig's electronic products into France. One of the competitors started bringing "parallel imports" into France illegally, importing Grundig product bought from a foreign supplier. Which of the following does not represent an action taken by different legal bodies? A) Consten's complaint was upheld by two French courts. B) The Paris Court of Appeals suspended the judgment of the French courts. C) The Paris Court of Appeal's judgment was based on pending a ruling by the European Commission. D) The European Commission ruled against Consten on the grounds that territorial protection proved to be damaging to the Common Market. E) The European Commission ruled that German Grundig was in violation of the laws of the Common Market.

e

66) According to Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index scores for 2014, the country which was listed as most corrupt was: A) Iraq. B) Uzbekistan. C) Chad. D) Afghanistan. E) Somalia.

e

67) Transnational companies, such as Toyota and Honda, have characteristic features that include: A) being in both global markets and utilizing global supply chains. B) characterized by a mind-set of being "stateless." C) using both localized and standardized elements in marketing programs. D) decisions made on the basis of ongoing research. E) all of the above.

e

67) Which of the following is not a characteristic of global strategic partnership? A) Participants maintain independence outside the framework of alliance. B) Participants share benefits of the alliance. C) Participants share control over the performance of the assigned tasks. D) Participants make ongoing contributions in technology, products, and other areas. E) Participants agree not to compete in areas unrelated to the alliance.

e

68) A key factor that distinguishes transnational companies from international companies is their ________ for the marketing program. A) use of localized elements B) use of extension elements C) needs assessment D) domestic research E) mind-set

e

69) Markets of Central and Eastern Europe present interesting opportunities and challenges. Companies such as 3M International, McDonald's, Philips Electronics, and Henkel are moving into the region for all of the following reasons except: A) that region is an important new source of growth. B) that the first company to penetrate a country market often emerges as leader. C) wage rates are much lower than those in Spain, Portugal, and Greece. D) that region offers attractive locations for low-cost manufacturing. E) core products and Western brand names need changes are appropriate for business.

e

69) The terminology used to describe the new forms of cooperation strategies varies widely and the phrases used include all of the following except: A) collaborative agreements. B) strategic alliances. C) global strategic partnerships. D) strategic international alliances. E) Greenfield operations.

e

7) The high level of political risk currently evident in Russia can be attributed in part to: A) changing of name of the country. B) changing the national flag. C) excessive loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). D) participation in the WTO (World Trade Organization). E) excessively high taxes on business operations.

e

70) A number of multilateral trade agreements have accelerated the pace of global integration which include: A) NAFTA. B) GATT. C) WTO. D) EU. E) all of the above

e

70) GSPs (Global Strategic Partnerships) are attractive for several reasons which do not include: A) sharing high product development costs. B) sharing technological developments. C) securing access to national and regional markets. D) continuous transfer of technology between partners. E) focus on a single national market or a specific problem.

e

70) Management strategic options pertaining to products that are facilitated by a single European market include: A) standardized packaging and labeling. B) consolidated production. C) shift from brand to benefit segmentation. D) seeking marketing economies. E) all of the above

e

71) Because they are in transition, the markets of Central and Eastern Europe present interesting opportunities and challenges which include: A) new sources of growth. B) first mover advantage. C) exporting as an entry mode. D) lower wage rate. E) all of the above

e

71) One study of adult involvement in household tasks revealed greater similarities between the United Kingdom and the United States compared with France, Belgium, and French Canada. Thus, the United States and United Kingdom were "twins" based on common language. This study is an example of: A) market latency. B) conjoint analysis. C) factor analysis. D) multidimensional scaling. E) cluster analysis.

e

71) Which of the following does not fit in with the factors that should be considered by companies forming GSPs? A) Partners are competitors to each other. B) Harmony is the most important measure of success. C) All employees and managers must understand where cooperation ends and competitive compromise begins. D) Learning from partners is critically important. E) none of the above

e

72) Having partners from another country can have advantages which include all of the following except: A) reducing product development costs. B) securing technology. C) access to capital. D) shared risks. E) increased competition.

e

72) The rate of adoption of the new Apple watch is slow, particularly in developing country markets with low rates of literacy. This can generally be attributed to which characteristics of innovation? A) compatibility B) relative advantage C) divisibility D) communicability E) complexity

e

73) Campbell is the world's largest soup company, commanding about 80% of the U.S. canned soup market. However, the company has a presence in only 6% of the world's soup markets. Russians eat 32 billion servings of soup each year, and the Chinese consume 300 billion! By contrast, Americans eat 15 billion servings each year. Sensing a huge opportunity, Campbell has dispatched teams to observe Russian and Chinese habits. This type of interpretation and decision is based on: A) demand pattern analysis. B) income elastic analysis. C) time series displacement. D) polycentrism. E) comparative analysis.

e

75) Some globalization strategies do not yield the expected results as evidenced by the: A) acquiring of majority stake in Nissan Motor by Peugeot Citroen. B) leverage resulting from scale economies. C) leverage resulting from manufacturing. D) larger scale improvement of quality. E) unravelling (làm sang tỏ) of the DaimlerChrysler merger.

e

79) Direct representation, as opposed to representation by independent intermediaries, for exporting by the market country, has several advantages which do not include: A) facilitates control and communications. B) allows decisions concerning program development and resource allocation. C) benefits when a product is not yet established in a market. D) ensures marketer's interest and special efforts. E) helps selling products directly to the consumer in the market country.

e

8) The advantages of "contract manufacturing" include all of the following except: A) access to technical specifications by subcontractors. B) access to technical specifications by local manufacturers. C) a licensing firm can specialize in product marketing. D) limited commitment of financial resources. E) considerable commitment (cam kết) of management resources.

e

80) Which of the following is true about the innovation diffusion process in Asia? A) Japan has a high-context culture with a relatively homogeneous population. B) Because risk avoidance is a cultural value, there are fewer innovators in Asia than in the United States. C) Once innovators in Asia have tried a product, early adopters and the early majority quickly follow suit. D) After a new product has achieved success in one Asian market, it is likely to be adopted in other Asian markets at an even faster rate. E) All of the above are true.

e

82) India's vehicle market can be segmented into: A) First time car buyers B) Generation Y drivers C) different age group drivers D) women drivers E) scooter and motorcycle drivers

e

84) Which of the following is true of the arbitration framework created by the New York Convention? A) Signatory countries can require parties to an arbitration agreement to actually use arbitration. B) Signatory countries recognize and can enforce arbitration judgments. C) There are limited grounds for appealing arbitration decisions. D) The grounds that are recognized are different than the typical appeals that are permitted in a court of law. E) all of the above

e

85) Porsche relies on currency hedging rather than price increases in order to: A) boost pretax profits on sales of its automobiles. B) balance the relative value of the dollar compared to the euro. C) protect all earnings from foreign-exchange movements. D) generate about 45% of its sales in the United States. E) A, B, and C

e

88) According to David Arnold, there are four possible approaches to forecasting by analogy, which does not include which of the following? A) Data is available on a comparable product in the same country. B) Data is available on the same product in a comparable country. C) Data is available on the same product from a dependent distributor in a neighboring country. D) Data is available about a comparable company in the same country. E) Data is available on the same product in every country

e

88) When John Brooks, a defender on the U.S. men's national soccer team, scored the winning goal against Ghana late in a first-round game of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 2014 World Cup at Arena Amazonia, nearly 16 million American TV viewers were tuned in. Considering this statement, which of the following statements is incorrect? A) The record-setting television audience for World Cup 2014 provided evidence of soccer's growing popularity in the United States. B) The victory in Brazil was especially sweet because Ghana's Black Stars was the team that had defeated the Americans in a second-round game at the 2010 World Cup in South Africa. C) Ghana had ended Team USA's hopes in the 2006 World Cup in Germany. D) The U.S. team lost to Portugal in the game that attracted nearly 25 million American TV viewers. E) FIFA has chosen Total Apparel Group (TAG) to boost soccer's visibility and popularity among Americans.

e

9) In Great Britain, the Wine and Spirit Association estimates that, on average, cars returning from France are loaded with 80 bottles of wine. This is most likely due to A) trademarks and copyrights violation. B) cross-border smuggling. C) bribes accepted by officers. D) antitrust scrutiny. E) high excise and VAT taxes.

e

QN=18 The big emerging markets (BEMs), include a. Indonesia, South Korea, & Brazil Mexico b. Argentina, South Africa, and Turkey c China, India, and South Korea d. Brazil, South Africa, and Turkey e. Brazil, Russia, and China

e

QN=24 There are several preferred trading arrangements in Latin America which include all of the following except: a. SICA b. the Andean Community c. CARICOM d. Mercosur e. BRIC

e

QN=38 Which is not considered as a long-term value? a. persistence b. sense of shame c. thrift d. ordering relationships e. search for truth

e

QN=43 Various types of political risk insurance to U.S. companies is provided by: a. BERI (Business Environment Risk Intelligence). b. PRS Group. c. EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit). d. WTO (World Trade Organization). e. OPIC (Overseas Private Investment Corporation).

e

QN=54 Anyone undertaking a market research project should understand that the first step is: a. setting the budget. b. determining the methodology to use. c. deciding who will see the final report. d. defining the problem. e. determining the information requirement.

e

QN=55 For consumer products, qualitative research is especially well suited to: a. get close to the consumer. b. describe the cultural context of consumer behavior. c. identify core brand equity. d. identify what people really feel. e. all of the above

e

QN=58 Tools that can be used for collecting primary data include: a. survey research and interviews. b. consumer panels and observation. c. focus groups and survey research. d. interviews and observation e. all of the above

e

QN=59 Emerging markets present a number of challenges to anyone conducting market research, which includes all of the following except: a. underdeveloped technology infrastructure. b. geographic issues. c. data-gathering methodologies. d. privacy issues. e. lack of field teams.

e

QN=60 Although environmental scanning is a vital source of information, research has shown that headquarters executives of global companies obtain as much as two-thirds of the information they need from: a. government publications. b. professional publications. c. trade publications. d. census data. e. personal sources.

e

QN=64 Sony's U.S. consumer segments include all of the following except: a. Affluent. b. Zoomers. c. SoHo. d. Gen Y. e. Fashionists

e