Mobil crane course, SLTC section 1-4

29 CFR 1926.1415 list the safety devices that are required on mobile cranes. what are the 7 safety devices ?

1. a crane level indicator 2. boom stops, except for derricks telescopic booms 3. jib stops, except for derricks 4. a brake-loading feature on cranes equipped with foot pedal brakes 5. an integral holding device or hydraulic check valve for hydraulic outrigger stabilizer jacks 6. rail clamps and stops on railcar mounted cranes 7. a working horn

category 2 operational aids include the following (6 of them):

1. boom angle or radius indicator 2. jib angle indicator (if a luffing jib is installed) 3. boom length indicator (for cranes with a telescopic boom) 4. loading weighing device 5. outrigger/stabilizer position monitor (only required for recently manufactured equipment) 6. boost drum rotation indicator (for hoist drums not visible to the operator, only required for recently manufactured equipment)

the list of category 1 operational aids includes the following (3 of them):

1. boom hoist limiting device 2. luffing jib limiting device 3. anti two-block device

quadrants of operation refer to a particular part of a cranes working circle. what are the four ?

1. over the front 2. over the rear 3. over the side 4. 360 degree

when a crane is not perfectly level the following three problems can arise:

1. the boom can be side loaded 2. the boom angle changes when the crane swings, which in turn changes the radius 3. the crane becomes more difficult to operate

ASME standard B30.23, personnel lifting systems. what are some requirements ? (8 of them)

1. the crane must be leveled within 1% 2. the load cannot be more than 50% of rated capacity 3. the crane must lift the load and move it to each location that personnel will need to access 4. proof testing is also required. the platform must be tested at 125% for 5 mins and than inspected 5. personnel being lifted must always remain in contact with either the crane operator of the signal person 6. winds exceed 20 mph, stop 7. no other lift lines on the crane may not be used 8. can lift personnel, tools and materials. however cannot be used to lift tools/materials only

OSHA requires how much of foot minimum distance for... 50 kv ? up to 350 kv ? over 350 kv and unknown ?

10 feet 20 feet 50 feet

category 2 devices must be repaired within how many days ?

30 days

you stop operations when winds exceed what ?

30 mph

Per the OSHA requirements, a cranes operators certification is valid for?

5 years

category 1 devices must be repaired within how many days ?

7 days

each crane should not be loaded to more than ____ % of its net capacity or reduced by ____ % of it nets capacity.

75% and 25%

for duty cycle operations, a crane capacity should be loaded to more than ___% or reduced by ___% of it net capacity

80% and 20%

manufactures reduce tipping loads by a percentage established by national standards. The margin of stability for wheeled truck crane on outriggers are ? and the margin of stability for wheeled truck crane on tires are ?

85% for wheeled trucks crane on outriggers 75% for wheeled truck crane on tires

29 CFR 1926.1433(d)(6) states all mobile cranes are required to have an accessible fire extinguisher on the equipment. ASME standard _____ indicates that it should be a minimum of a ____ rated portable fire extinguisher

B30.5 and 10 BC

Side loading is a major cause of what?

Boom Collapse

ASME standards B30.5 describe several positions related to crane operations:

Lift director- directly over work of crane and rigging crew, only one who can start a lift after it has been stopped (informs operator of load weight, movement, and placement) Crane operator- controls operation of crane, verifies crane lifting capacity

Mobile cranes are governed by standards from two organizations, what are they ?

OSHA (CFR 1910.180 CFR 1926.1400) AND ASME (B30.5)

_______ must always be the first concern of the operator

Safety

______ devices help prevent two-blocking from occurring

anti-two-block

lifting personnel by crane is only allowed when ?

any other means to do so represents a greater hazard, or if there is no alternative.

what is the material used to transfer and spread loads ?

blocking or cribbing

what two things should be carried in line with each other ?

boom and load

note: the base of a crawler crane should not be called a carrier. only wheeled crane bases are called ?

carriers

what are the weights added to the crane, usually on the end opposite the boom ?

counterweights. counter the weight and stabilize

the track assemblies on a crawler cranes are called ?

crawler frames or tread members

Any lift that exceeds 75% of the cranes rated capacity has been considered what ?

critical lift by many organizations

lattice booms -besides lifting heavy loads to great heights, these cranes are also ideal for applications with a higher _______

duty cycle

hoisting, lowering, stopping, or swinging the crane suddenly causes what ?

dynamic or shock loading

the combined weight of the crane and load must never _____ the bearing capacity of the surface where the crane is setup

exceed

the base section is the part the extends true or false

false. Is raised up or down by one or more hydraulic actuators

as the jib angle increase, so does the capacity of the jib and the strength of the jib itself is more true or false

false. capacity decreases and strength of jib decreases

outriggers should be used only for heavy weight true or false

false. outriggers should be used regardless of the weight because the provide more stability than tires.

for jibs, greater degrees of offset provide less of an outward reach true or false

false. provide more of an outreach

the monthly inspections required by OSHA are NOT the same as those required on each shift ? true or false

false. they monthly inspections are the same as those required on each shift

what are the two types of cabs in wheeled truck cranes ?

fixed and swinging cab

carefully moving ________ is the only allowable side loading of the boom

freely suspended loads

the energy industry uses mobile cranes to build and maintain what ?

generational plants, transmissions tower, pipelines, and oil rigs.

if power line contact occurs, first try what ?

gently reverse the action that caused the contact

if the load is farther from the center of rotation than the bottom tip, the load radius will be ________ ?

greater than expected

_______ is greatest on crawler cranes when the boom is over the corner and least when over the side

ground pressure

two most significant distinctions between mobile cranes are ?

how they travel from one place to another and the type of boom equipped

the four crane categories are ?

industrial/all purposes, lattice boom, telescopic boom, and boom truck

per ASME requirements if the crane has been idle for 1 to 6 months the equivalent of a frequent inspection is required. BUT after 6 months, a more _____ periodic inspection is to be conducted

intense. more intense periodic inspection

side loading boom collapse can be caused by what ?

lifting of level, rapid swing, suddenly applying swing break, improper tilt up operations, and high winds

what causes two-blocking ?

load block or headache ball contacts the boom sheaves or tip. hoisting, extending, and booming down when the block or ball is too close to the boom head .

what device is similar to the LMI, that is used to the sense the line pull and estimate the weight of an object being lifted ?

load cell

what is a common device found in cranes, that processes inputs from from sensors, analyzes information, and allows the operator to know how much lifting force is applied to the load ?

load moment inductor (LMI)

When lifting loads from the water, the operator should be aware that:

loading on the crane will increase as the load come outs of the water

three basic types of cranes ?

mobile cranes, tower cranes, and overhead cranes

counterweights are _______ , so that weight can be added or removed

modular

for multi crane/duty cycle, how many qualified personnel or signal person is generally assigned ?

one

29 CFR 1926.1416 outlines what ?

operational aids required for mobile cranes

the ______ should ensure that the crane is leveled so that the crane will remain level throughout the lift and the area around there is properly barricaded.

operator

_______ are designed to provide stability and a means to the level crane. lift capacity and safety are both increased a result

outriggers

where do most mounted cranes have their greatest capacity ?

over the rear

telescopic booms - hydraulic boom sections should be extended by the what?

per manufactures specifications

Most load chart ratings require the crane to be?

properly leveled within 1%

the distinct feature of mobile cranes is that they are equipped with a means of _________ ?

propulsion or travel

since the annual (2000 hour) inspections outlined by OSHA require some disassembly and an extended period of time to complete, they are conducted in what type of environment ? - crane operators are rarely involved.

service environment

dynamic loading is also called what ?

shock loading

when cranes are used in high speed production operations (duty cycle operations) what are they subject to ?

side loading, swing out, and shock loading

when making a lift, the center of gravity of the load should be directly under the ________ ?

the boom tip

shift (OSHA) and or/frequent (ASME) inspections, on the other hand are often the responsibility of who ?

the operator

traveling a wheeled crane with a load over the side must be avoided due to increase instability. What should you use ?

the shortest boom possible

blocking should always be considered a requirement. blocking should be at least ______ times more than the surface area of the pad ?

three

what must be used to prevent the crane from sinking or settling on soft surfaces such as a soft ground, asphalt, or backfilled material ?

timber or still mats

crawler cranes are so named because they move slowly on tracks that provide superior _______ and ______

traction and stability

cranes capacity changes dynamically as the boom length changes true or false

true

cranes should be setup safe distance from buildings under construction, since the surrounding ground is often backfill and a poor support base for the crane true or false

true

dynamic or shock loading refers to any changing stress placed on the crane true or false

true

overhead power Lines must always be considered energized until electrical utility authorities indicate otherwise true or false

true

the mobile crane operator certification program offered by NCCER has been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) true or false

true

wheeled truck cranes is driven from and operated from the same cab ? true or false

true

where should blocking be placed ?

under the outrigger pads and NEVER under the outrigger beams

the lifting and rotating assembly on a crawler crane is called ?

upper works