mod 10
Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?
barbiturates
Depressants are drugs such as
barbiturates and opiates
Dr. Brooks seeks to account for the substance abuse of her therapy clients in terms of their abusive home environments, their limited sense of life purpose, and the altered functioning of their neurotransmitter systems. Dr. Brooks is most clearly using a(n) ___ approach to understanding addictive behaviors
biopsychosocial
When cocaine is snorted, injected, or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria by
blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters
Amphetamines ___ appetite and ___ self-confidence
decrease; increase
Repeated use of an opiate
decreases the brain's production of endorphins
One of the dangers of using Ecstasy at all-night dances is
dehydration
If heavy drinking follows a period of moderate drinking, people may poison themselves with an overdose because the moderate drinking
depresses their vomiting response
When deprived of nicotine, smokers experience heightened levels of
distractibility
One biological basis for addiction involves brain activity in the ___ reward system
dopamine
Which of the following is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?
ecstasy
The greatest danger of viewing drug addiction as a disease is that this may lead drug addicts to
feel powerless to overcome the addiction
Smokers with ___ levels of nicotine tolerance are likely to suffer the most severe withdrawal symptoms when they discontinue smoking
high
With repeated use of most psychoactive drugs, the immediate pleasant effects become ___ and the unpleasant aftereffects become___
less strongly pleasant; more strongly unpleasant
Unlike alcohol, the THC in marijuana
lingers in the body for a week or more.
THC, the active ingredient in ___, is classified as a ___
marijuana; hallucinogen
Which synthetic opiate is sometimes prescribed as a substitute for heroin?
methadone
When cocaine is injected or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria that lasts 15 to 30 minutes. But the stimulant drug ___ can trigger 8 hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria
methamphetamine
Under the influence of alcohol, angered people are ___ likely to be aggressive than they would otherwise be and restaurant patrons are ___ likely to tip generously than they otherwise would
more; more
Women who have been drinking alcohol become ___ disposed to casual sex, and men who have been drinking become ___ disposed to casual sex
more; more
The change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called
neuroadaption
Morphine and heroin are
opiates
Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called ___ drugs
psychoactive
Although Max never experiences caffeine withdrawal symptoms, he feels that he needs coffee every morning as part of his daily routine. Max best illustrates
psychological dependence
A rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces
sensitivity to pain
Cocaine is classified as a(n)
stimulant
S16 year old Bethany is becoming increasingly concerned about her use of marijuana on weekends. To reduce her use of this drug, Bethany should
stop associating with friends who use marijuana
After a stressful day at the office, Arthur has 5 or 6 drinks at a local bar before going home for dinner. Research suggests that Arthur's heavy drinking will have the most adverse effect on his ability to remember
the next day the names of the people he talked to and what he said while drinking
The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of
tolerance
The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called
withdrawal
Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in ___ who have ___ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol
women; less
After ingesting a small dose of a psychoactive drug, Laqueta experienced vivid visual hallucinations and felt as if she were separated from her own body. Laqueta most likely experienced the effects of
LSD