Modern World History Exam

Industrial growth of the 5 year plan

Puts massive increase in industrial output. lots of factories are built in 2 years. This increase in some areas as much a 600%. Industrial output is much more successful than farming. Tries to eliminate any kind of political opposition. He tries to clena out Russia of political and and social opposition. leads ot 20 million russians.

Sudetenland

Germany speaking part of Czechoslavakia. in 1939, Hilter takes all of Czechoslovakia.

Blitzkrieg

"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939

Martin Luther

"Lutheranism" → The study of Luther and his beliefs He printed the "95 theses" 95 reasons criticizing the church and posted it on the side of the church. He didn't like that people tried to overcome sin with indulgences. Good deeds didn't release your sins, only faith does and God. Expelled from the Church by Pope Leo X "Diet of Worms" → Religious Trial for heresy: A trial that said he was guilty of heresy and put a price on his head. He then hid for the rest of his life. While in Jail he teaches "an outlaw" protestantism.

Sitzkrieg

"Phony War" with Hitler in 1939-1940 where Hitler prepared for his attack "Sitting war"

"VJ" Day

"Victory over Japan day" is the celebration of the Surrender of Japan, which was initially announced on August 15, 1945

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

(FDR following death) nuclear attacks during World War II against the Empire of Japan by the United States of America at the order of U.S. President Harry S. Truman

Soviet-Nazi Nonagression Pact

-Stalin and Hitler sign this promising that the to sides will not fight each other. The war starts on 9/1 when Hitler invades Poland and in 1937 Japan invades China starting the war in the Pacfic.

When did this reformation happen?

15th Century

Gavriola Princeps

18 year old that killed Franz Ferdinand.

Stages of the War

1914 Illusions Politicians and soldiers and family of soliders were excited to go to war becuase they were quicka nd decisive. This is not true because the machine gun and trenches made it the war of attrition. (jsut gonna go on and on) The last man standing wins. second illusion is in december of 1914, is that this will be a civilized war. The eality is that when the French, Germany and Eglish and French has a Christmaas ceis Fire. 1915 Stalemate and Stagnation 1916 The Great Slaughter 1917-1918 Reolutoin and Peace

Spanish Civil War

1931, Spain created a weak republican government. civil war in Spain in which General Francisco Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government by creating his own Fascist party. He doesn't just threaten the civil war, he starts one. The war between Fascists and the republican government. They both ask for international aid. Franco asks for help from the German and Italian because they're all Fascists. They say yes, because they're Fascists, and if they help Franco win there will be another Fascists country and Hilter will get to test his army in their civil war without breaking the league of nations. The republican government can ask for help from the US and they say no. The US is neutral now and they were upset they got involved in WWI and wanted to deal with their own problems during the depression, but there are some Americans that do go over and call themselves the LINCOLN BRIGADE. The Russians send help but its not enough and after 3 years of fighting, the Fascists win. When WW 2 starts, Franco doesn't join the war, and ruels Spain until he died in 1975.

Mussolini attacks Africa

1935 Mussolini attacks Ethiopia. Ethiopia is defending itself with sheild, rocks, spears.their rpesident goes to the league of nations and begs for help. League of nations doesn't defend Ethiopia.

El Alamein

1942, American and Elgand forced stop the Germany from taking over the Perisan Gulf. Turning point in the war in Europe. Combined German and Italian forces were beaten near Alexandria, which lead to the Allied taking of Morocco and Algeria. Means that the German's advancement in Africa is stopped. in 1943, they push the Nazi's out of Africa. in 1943, The Aliies are able to succeccful launch an invasion of acces contorl land in Europe. As the american adn Englaish are fghting the ITlains in Italy, Greman is fighting Russia. Russia the Untied states and engalnd creates a big 3 alliance. in143, they being a seires of war time conferecne to figure out how to fight Hitler.

Rise of European Totalitarianism

3 people Stalin Mussolini Hitler

What are the 4 basic teaching of Lutherism?

4 Basic Teachings Justification of faith alone (Belief that God alone is justification enough for Christianity) Priesthood of all believers (One can interpret the bible for themselves with faith) Primary of the bible (The bible has all the answers) The visible (The church and people in the church) and invisible Church (What you hold in your heart)

How did the Germany feel about it?

60 MIillion Germans and only 500,000 were Jewish. The Germany though that it would be bad but it wouldn't create too much that was different than what they have experienced before.

Dunkirk

A city in northern France on the North Sea where in World War II (1940) 330,000 Allied troops had to be evacuated from the beaches at Dunkirk in a desperate retreat under enemy fire.

What is the Council of Trent?

A council that makes documents for the church.

Holocaust

A mass slaughter of Jews and other civilians, carried out by the Nazi government of Germany before and during World War II.

TIMELINE

April 12th- FDR dies. VP- Harry Truman becomes President. He is told The US was building the Atomic Bomb. April 25th- Russian and American troops meet at the Elbe river and have a symbolic meeting of the two armies. They crushed Germany May 1st- Day Historians believe hitler commited suicide. May 8th- Turman declared VEDay. Victory in Europe- Germany surrenders. July 17-25 1945- Big 3 meet for the last conference in Germany at Potsdam. Crumbeling o the Grand alliance. The onyl positive thing they agree on is the continue liberation of ended all Nazi laws. Falling apart because Churchill was replaced with Atlee, and was not very experienced. The US also had a new represetative Truman and neither of them knew how to get along with Stalin. During the conerence the US successfullt Tests the Atomic bomb. FOR TRUMAN: HOW TO DEFEAT JAPAN? 1. Maybe using the A-bomb on unmanned Island. a. Doesn't work - the Japanese don't surrender. started the nuclear war. b. Positiver get the message across and they could surrender 2. invade Japan and not use the A-bomb a. Invasion would be lots of deaths. over 1. mill american and 5. mill japanese. Could keep fighitng forever b. Positives- Don't use the Atomic Bomb. 3. warn the Japanese a. Japanese dont believe them, sacrifice American lives. b. No war, they surrencer 4. No warnning and just drop it. a. lots of people die, nuclear age. b. Could work.

Truman's decision.

August 6th, 1945, the US drops the Atomic Bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. It explodes and killed 60,000 people in an hour. Destruction is fire and caused the destruction of the city. The Japanese don't surrender, and 3 days later on August 9th, there is a second bomb over Nagasaki that kills 45,000 in an hour. This time the Japanese do surrender. September 2nd Truman declares VJDay. Victory over Japan...What happened to the 90 days after Greman surrendered? The US already dropped the bomb as much to scare the Russians. Russians would have joined the war within a week, but didn't.

Tannenberg

August of 1914 First major war, East of Germany. Germany's fights Russia in September and are forced to fight a 2 front war with russia and france.

How does this assassination lead to WWI?

Austria-Hungary accused Black Hand of having ties w the Serbian government July: Austrians issue ultimatems on Serbian government-- involved allowing Austrian army to march into Serbia, they were harsh Austria goes to Germany and asks for help if there are problems Germany gives Austria Blank Check Diplomacy-- means they are willing to do anything that Austria wants to punish Serbia Serbia is mad and says "we will do anything to keep you from not attacking us" Russia gets upset bc of Pan-Slavism-- states that Germany and Austria shouldn't attack Serbia Russia mobilizes its army at the end of July and prepares them to fight Now Germany is mad: if Russia mobilizes, that's a declaration of war-- we shall fight!!!

Axis Mistakes in 1941

Axis Powers (Germany, Japan, Italy) Invade Russia. Japanese attack Pearl Harbor.

DDay

Beaches of Normady, invasion of .5 million men Largest amphibious invasion of the history of warefare.

Who goes Germany attack to start WWI?

Belgium on August 4th, starting WWI. They attack it becuase its right between Germany and France. Before this, Germany had been plannign for a war and named the plan of the war after one of their generals, "Schliefflen"

Who does hitler Nitogtiate with?

Better of chance of nigotiating with Western Allies (US, England, France)

Island Hoping

Bloody way to try and push the Japanese back to their island. Iwo- Symbolic statue of soliders putting the US falg in. Ikanoa- Large and usable air strip that the US used o fly bombders over Japan.

Germany (Hitler)

Born in Austria in 1889 and was government-sponsored anti-semitism. A Late teenager in his Early 20's he has rejected from a Vienna Art school and become further apart from Austria. in 1919 WWI he doesn't join the Austrian army, he joins the Germany army. He associated himself more with Germany sense of nationalism rather than the polyglot nature of Austria. He is wounded in the war and that eh developed a strong and negative sense of revenge against anyone whom he perceived to be against Germany nationalism. After the war, he publically spoke about those he accused of conspiring aginst Germany's greatness. All the foreign countries who had written the treaty of Versaille he believed were out to get Germany as well as Jews and Communists. They were al destroying Germany's economy. He combined his perception with his new philosophy that he developed during the war. Philosphy 1. according to Hitler, life was a desperate struggle won by the ruthless. 2. He also believed that Germny must awaken to it's destinty. 3. Win the struggle of life To do this, he creates his own political party. "The NATIONAL SOCIALIST GERMANY WORKERS PARTY"

What did people want to accomplish with this reformation?

Bringing the wrong doing of the church back to its spiritual teachings.

operation Barbarossa

Codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II. Barbarossa was a german crusader. Instead of fighting the Muslims he fights the communists. He breaks the non-agression pact and invades Russia. Signcal the end of Hitler. Russia never would have given up to the Nazi's. Changes the scope of WW2.

How does the US help germany with the oney probelms?

Dawns Plan in 1923.

What was Hitler 3 part program?

Deals with industrial growth, Agricultural growth, and educational growth. His massive Nazi education program is called THE NAZI HILTER YOUTH MOVEMENT. Teaches Hilter's philosophies.

Teheran Conference

December, 1943 - A meeting between FDR, Churchill, and Stalin in Iran to discuss coordination of military efforts against Germany, they repeated the pledge made in the earlier Moscow Conference to create the United Nations after the war's conclusion to help ensure international peace. Stalin takes the lead at this conference and begs England and the US to forced Germany to fight a 2 front war by invading France. Would be much easier to defeat him and save the world from Hitler. They don't do this quickly, because most the fighting is taking place in Russia and the war between rusis and Germany is very intense, but the US and Engalnd weren't fighting home wars and they were slow becuase communists and Nazi's were being killed. They agree to a spring invaseion of Nazi controlled France.

Battle of the Bulge in Ardennes Forest

December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied advance became stalled along the German border. In the winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed a 30 mile "bulge" into the Allied lines. The Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine with heavy losses.Hitler threatens the US with "The battle of the Bulge". Created intentional bulge in the Germany defend, hoping the Americans would get sucked in beuase it would be easy to fight. (10 year old boys and 70 yuear old men) Best part of German army would surround them fmor the back and force them into a negitionation but Americans are rescued by George Patten

Policy of Appeasement

Didn't work. Took 6 months for it to fail. Hitler

Schlieffen Plan

Doesn't work because the assumptions were not correct. Has three parts and three assumptions of this plan. Steps: 1.Invade France through Belgium (because France would be ready if they went right to France directly, Belgium's defense would not be as good. The defense between Fracne and Belgium would also be little because they are friends.) 2. Attack Paris from the North West. UP the English channel and attack Paris from the North West. 3. March German army across Germany and invade Russia. After Paris is captured, they go into Russia because they can't win a major European war without fighting Russia. Assumptions: 1. Belgium won't defend its self because it's so small and will remain neutral. 2. England will stay neutral because they hate France and Germany know that, but not that they have a secret treaty. 3. Russia would be so slow to mobilize troops that Germany wouldn't fight 2 different armies at the same time-- wanted to avoid 2 front war (fighting Russia and fighting France) None of these come true, but the Germans win anyway.

What does Stalin do once in power?

End Lenin's NEP and begins a series of 5-year plans. Dealing with two type of people in Russia. Farmers and Industrialists.

Sumer of 1939

England pledges to defned, France, Poland, Romanis and greece in terms of attack. Peace Time Draft - This means that they are preparing for war. They also look to negotiate a treaty with Russia. Russia is powerful and they were allies in WWI. They also hated communism. In reaction to this, Stalin negotiates with Hitler and not England.

Failure of the League of Nations

Ethopia- Didn't protect them from Mussolini Spanish Civil War- Didn't stop Hitler's large army. Anschluss-

What alws did Hitler pass to gain more power?

Follow the Reichstag burning... 1. Decree for the protection of people and state. This gives him the power to suspend civil liberties (freedom of state, freedom of the press, freedom again illegal surches)This begins his dictatorship. Without those things, he is looking to eliminate opposition from the communists. So it is illegal for Communists to do those things, then their views won't be able to be heard as well. 1934, He gets the Reichstag to pass a more important Act. 1. Enabling Act- Votes itself out of existence by saying the chandler can pass laws without going through the Reichstag government. They don't need to exist anymore because their Nazi party leader makes all the laws. a. He makes communists illegal.

Plan-17

France's plan... Based up the french philosophy of Elan Vitale "will to win" The French believed that beuase of renegne and that hey were french that they wanted to win a war against gERMANY more than they wnated to win it. They French just marched to Germany until they forced the Keiser to surrender. This did not work well at all. FOR THE WAR NOT THE BATTLE. The machiene gun amde this plan really stupid beuacse oce Germany was stopped at the last battle with Fracne, they dig 500 miles above ground with machiene guns. Based on philosophy of elan vitale-- means all-conquering will "The team who wants it more will win" They were French and wanted revenge so they wanted to win more than Germany-- so, they will win! This is dumb French generals said "march to Berlin and don't stop and force the Kaiser to surrender!!" This didn't work

Dunkirk

French Beach, May 19th, 1940. French army goes to defend Paris, English army is pushed closer to the water. Lots of boats go to rescue 400 thousand British soldiers within 36 hours of being completely wiped out by the Germany army. Only the French are left to defend France.

amphibious Invasion

From water to land.

Battle of Britian

German planes dropped bombs on London and other British cities. British fought back and never gave up; after months of fighting, Hitler gave up his planned invasion of Britain.

What allows Hitler to get out of jail?

Her gets out of Jail in 1925 beucsae the government doesn't think he dangerous anymore beucase his pwoer came form his political party and the country was a mess, but the country is no longer a mess becuase the US helped bail out its terrible economy. They were ignoring him.

Who is left to oppose Hitler after the first law he passes uner the enabling act?

His own army...the brown shirts... Strumableitlung (SA). Had 3 MIllion people in the private army. Head of the private army was a former friend of Hitler, named Ernst Rohm. Hilter also created the Shuztsatffel. (SS) Hitler's Private group that did his dirty work for him.

September 1st.

Hitler invades Poland, starting WW2 with tanks and new weapons. Going aginst the treaty of Versaille.

Sitzkrieg

Hitler makes laws that make Polanders inferrior to Germans. millions of Jews living in Poland. In winter of 1939-1940, Hitler fights the Sitzkrieg. Hitler stops fighting for 5 Months which allows his enemies to think he is satasfied but hes not.

June of 1940

Hitler marchs his army into Paris adn the French surrender. WW2 has been going on now for less than one year. 10 months. Engalnd is left to fight hitler y Nayv and airforce.

Strumableitlung

Hitler's private army, also called the "Brown Shirts" or abbreviated as the SA, used to enforce his views through violence and terror

Wha does Mussolini say abotu the church to gain more power?

In order to get Chruch people to like him, he attacks the communists because communists are atheists. hE NOW HAS THE SUPPORT OF THE kiNG, chURCH, and people who are against communists. He lets become a dictator to consolidate the Italian military with his own army and revitalize a weak Italian economy heading into the 1930's.

Where did the people in the army think the real power was? What did this lead to?

In the army, but hIlter though the real power was in himself... June 30th, 1934 - Night of the Long Knives.

Post war diplomacy and depression

Issues and Problems 1. Economics a. Germany- Had to pay 32 billion dollar reparation which leads o a massive inflation (money is worth less). b. In 1914, 4 Marks= 1 US dollar. (basic exchange rate) c. 1918, post WWI, 56 Marks= 1 US dollar. The value of the Germany money has gone down. d. In 1922, When the allies demand the germans pay their debt. 7,000 Marks= 1 US dollar. The French army invade one of German'ys most vaulabe pieces of industiral land, for the purpose o taking Germany coal and using it to pay themselves. (The French) --> Ruhr Basin e. In 1923, 1,500,000 = 1 US Dollar. Germany was worht less than blank paper. They used money to write noes and letters on beucase it was less expensive than blank paper. Poepl were being paid by the hour becuase of the maount of paper money that was being printed that had no value. Germany was on teh verge of Economic collapse. In 1925, the US comes in with the Dawes Plan, which helps revitalize the Gmernay economy and prevent a massive civil war. 2. Politics a. The spread of Communist/ Socialism b. Change in the political map. (Map of the countries that changes) 3. Human Suffering a. Massive Starvation. b. Dead and wounded. c. Psychological suffering. d. World epidemic of Spanish influenza. Killed 25 Million people around the world. 4. Social Changes. a. War killed 37 Million people. b. Monogamous marriages become universal throughout the world (married to one spouse. This wasn't universal before) c. Most children post-war received some kind of education. This wasn't universal before had either d. A new invention- Car / Automobile Made the world smaller, increased freedom and accessibility compared to a train. e. Indoor plumbing and electricity become more common around the world. f. Significant increases in literacy. For the first time in world history, the written word is not the only means of mass communication. g. Another form of mass communication is phones. Texting, social media etc... Also movies and the radio. h. Women had lost jobs because all the soldiers came back. They now get to vote.

Italy (Fascism) (Fascist Party)

Italian children's game for throwing sticks. Brand new Party. 1. Very strong Nationalism 2. Military Dictatorship 3. Glorification of War (War measures the success of your nationalism) 4. Equally strong anti-communism. To promot ehis ida, he recruits a private army called THE BLACK SHIRTS.

What does Hitelr do with his new power as Chansler?

January of 1933, Hitler makes two promises to the Germany popele. 1. Reverse the Treaty of Versaille 2. Lenbenrraum (get Germany more space: Means living room. ) In feburary 1933, the government building (Reichstag) mysteriously burns down. He is able to gain a confession out of a Dutch communist. He was very likely mentally handicapped and was very liekly corrorsed into saying he burnt it down. hE WAS ARRESTED, trialed, guilt, executed. This gave him ammunition to say that Communists were the enemies agaist the Germany people.

Who were some people involved in this reformation?

John Wyclif- questioned the church's power and translated the bible from latin to english. No one is special from God. Nobles of England protected him. Jan Hus- Criticized the church and accused of heresy which lead to his death at age 45 by burning at the stake. John Calvin- Calvinism and regulated citizens.

What sets off WWI

June 28th, 1914 in the Bulkin Region and in the imperial province of Bosnian (belongs to an empire) the Bosnian capital was creating a Serbian festival of independence. in 1878 Syrbia becoems Syrbia beucase it gets its independace. in 1905 Bosnia has been taken over by Austro-Hungarian empire. Many Serbians lived in Bosnia and wanted independence! Heir to Austro-Hungarian throne (Franz-Ferdinand) went on a parade on June 28 to strengthen Austrian ties in this Bosnian province-- ARROGANT Serbian terrorist group called Black Hand assassinated Franz-Ferdinand!! Specific member: Gavrilo Princeps

Battle of Normandy

June 6th to June 9th. with its success, once the allies achieved a foothold in France they are able to put more supplies and men in France to fight the germans. This turns into the battle fro France. Succeed in liberating the city of Paris from Nazi control at the end of August.

Operaton Overlord

June of 1944 DDay, WWII, England to France, first super win against Hitler.

Night of the Long Knives

June, 30, 1934. On this night, Hitler sent his elite guards (Schutzstaffel/ SS/ black shirts) to kill the Storm Troopers, led by Ernst Röhm, and other non-Nazi political opponents.

Nuremberg Laws

Law that makes jewish blood illegal. Jews could not be Germany citizens, adn could not marry Germans. They could not have sex with Germany, and that Jews could not employ German woman under the age of 45. Because that could lead to Jewish children that would "unpurify" their blood. 1933.

Maginot

Line of defense built by France to protect against German invasion. Stretched from Belgium to Switzerland.

What prevents Plan 17 from working?

Machine guns- as soon as Germany is defeated in the Battle of La Marne, they build trenches going all the way to Switzerland and defend them w machine guns Turns the war into 4 parts: 1914: war of illusions 1915: stalemate and stagnation 1916: the great slaughter 1917-1918: revolution and peace

Blitzkrieg

Massive display of power with 3 illion soliders and many new dangerous weapons that no one had seen before becasue they never had been used. Both england and Fracne try to defend Poland, but its impossible for them to do so. By november, the capital of Poland "Worsaw" is conquered.

"VE" Day

May 8, 1945; victory in Europe Day when the Germans surrendered

The Black Shirts

Mussolini gets his army to threaen scare and intimidate anyone who was opposed to his new party. He is able to turn elections into Italies new governemtn called THE CHAMBED OF DEPUTIES.

Munich Conference

Neville chamberlain Edward Deladier

Doe some faist being elected to the governemnt give him so power or enoght that he is satisifed?

No, he goes the king and threates that there will be a civil war between The Facists and the Communist because Italy is so divided. The king then supports the Fascist because he doesn't want a war. He names Mussolini as the prime minister of Italy. This does not give him total power.

What does the League of nations say about him breaking the law?

Nohting bcasue theyre worried about their own prbolems and the economic problems of the world. Germany made Strumablietlung their primary military whcih goes agisnt the TREATY of Versailly becuase they had 3 millino and not 100,000.

Where do the Americans go next?

North Africa, Egypt. They wanted the Suez Canal. Connected the Mederterrian Sea to the Red Sea. In the Persian gulf, there is still Oil. Controlled by England, but HItler wanted it and beleived if he could control it he would stop the allies form getting oil and would end the war with his victory.

August 23rd 1939

Opposite countries agree that if there is a war, they promise not to fight each other. With these promises, it takes Hitler 7 days to start WW2. Nazi- Soviet non-aggressoin Pact

Chamber of Deputies

Parliament

What was this reformation?

Response to protestants and the council of Trent

Hilter atacks the Rhineland

Rhineland is attached by Germany and Hilter to test the league of nations tells his warriors that if the French defend themselfs to fall back because he doesn't want war yet. France does not attack back or defend, because they weren't ready. They sufference during WWI and lost lots of people and didn't want to defend German land. They weren't going to fight over it. France was also dealing with WW depressin and economic issue were more important than the Rhineland. Englad thoguh HIlter was justifed in taking it back and that the Trady of Versaille was to oahrsh on them.

What alliance does the Spanish civil war lead to?

Rome- Belin Axis (Italy) Anti- Comintern Pact (Germany and Japan)

The Black Hand

Serbian Terrorist Group assinates Franz Ferdinand. Austria HUngary accused the black hand of having ties to the serbian governemnt. Autria hungary is mad at the terrorit but takes their anger out on the serbian ogvernment.

What do the communists what?

State ownership of everything, which scares everytone.

Battle of Britan

Summer of 1940 Bombing attatck against England. The Englsh then fire chamberlin and hire Churchill and he says they will enver surrender and tha they will fight forever. Also demonstrated the brilance and success of England New airforced. Air war between England Airforce (RAF) and the german airforced (Luftwaffe). Germany is pallnig to invade by the water "Opertaion Sea Lion" Doesn't work beucase England defned themselves in the air. Chagnes plan and in june of 1941, launches opperation BARBAROSSA

What causes the reformation?

The Church became more interested in money than "saving souls" Pope's became political leaders "instead of spiritual guiders" Priests had misconduct Unhappy people broke away

Italy (Mussolini)

The atmosphere for a totaltarianism ruler emerges. Mussolini. In the unstable political atmosphere, he starts his own political party and movement to stabilize it.

What is the connection between The Great Desression and the rise of polution vote fo the Nazi's.

The depression is worldwide and devistated Germany to the point that 6 Million Germany lose their jobs in a year. This desivation plays to teh increased popluarity becuase people want a change. In july 1932, The Nazi's have the most, but in Novemrn of 1932, they lose populatioyr when Hitler runs for the presidency adn loses. He then becomes a student of mUssolini. He follows mussolini past steps and says there will be a civil war between that Zazi's and the communists. Hindenbure named Hitler CHancler. gives him legal power to rule.

Russia (Collectivization)

The first part of Stalin's 5-year plan. 1. Agricultural- Collectivization a. Stalin plans to bring socialism to the farm by bringing farmers together and modernizing them through technology and mechanization. for the purpose of increased agricultural output. Due to the incident with the peasants, this doesn't work.

Germany (Nazi Party)

The parties ideas were his philisophies. Philosphy 1. according to Hitler, life was a desperate struggle won by the ruthless. 2. He also believed that Germny must awaken to it's destinty. 3. Win the struggle of life Created his own private army calle dhte borwn Shirts. Beins to inumate against whom the peope of Germany should fight. All enimies in Hiltler's struggle for life Moral Decline, Communists, Economic problems, Weakness of the Weimar republic, defeat and humiliation of WWI. Germany should awaken to its destinny by following the slogan of "EINVOLK,EIN REICH, EIN FUHRER" Meanos one people, one empire, one ruler.

What does lenin's death cause?

The power struggle between Leon Trotsky (Lenin's right-hand man) and Joseph Stalin. They had different philosophies about the future of communism. Stalin tried to consolidate Communism within Russia. Trotsky wanted to spread it around the world. Russia supports Stalin and Trotsky is expelled from the country and is the target of Stalin's "revenge." in 1940, Trotsky is killed by one of Stalin's agents in Mexico.

Anschluss

The union of Austria with Germany, resulting from the occupation of Austria by the German army in 1938. Hitler's Takeover of his homeland. Austria is now part of the Germany Empire, Austria celebrates it so they are not put in Jail. Other countries didn't like it because it goes agisnt the Treaty of Versaille. Hitler has again gains scignificant amount of land without war.

What in Germany history get more and more people to listen to and potential agree with what Hitler is saying?

Their money becomes worthless and the French army marches into the basin, when they invade people start listening to him more and more so that in 1923, he has enough confidence he commands his Brown Shirt army to overthrow the government in the event called "Munich Beerhall Putch". Government stops him, arrests him and puts him in jail. He is not killed but is imprisoned and writes a book "Mein Kampf" my struggle. Tells his hatred fo the treaty, communist conspiracy, desire to ethnically cleanse Europe of Jews. When he become the head of Germany the book becomes the most popular wedding gift and prominently displayed in any German Household.

Marne

Then France engage the Germany at the first major battle of the west a week later, after Tannenberg. 60 miles away (very close). They invaded Belgim to go to France. Second War. England is heloing with France. "Taxi Cab Defense" because at 6,000 paris taxi cabs drive to the front to bring the soliders to defend their country. "Miracle fo the marne" because France wins by stopping Germany. They stopped the German invasion and save their city.

How does Austria Hungary react to the assignation?

They release a series of ultimates on the Serbian Government. 1. Allow their army to walk in and dissolve their government. 2. Extremely harsh and to make sure that Serbia is punished, they go to Germany and ask for support if there are problems and Germany says yes. They give them a blank check diplomacy. (They will defend them no matter what and to do anything gAustria wants to punish Serbia.) Serbia says they will do anything they want to prevent this. This upset Russia because of Pan-Slavism, saying that Austria and Germany have no right to punish Serbia because of Pan-Slavism, so Russia, in order to protect Pan-Slavism, mobilizes their army at the end fo July.

2nd Blitzkrieg

Towards France and in weeks, he invades Holland, Belgium, Denmark and Luxemburg. After a month onyl France is left to fight and England is defending France.

Franz Ferdanand

Tried to strengthed aurtia ties in the bosnian province

What did the Dawnes Plan do? Who came in with in

US and it helps with Germany's economy.

Where do Americans first fight in the Pacific Ocean and why?

Way down south to try and stop Japan from conquering China. in May. In june of 1942, US fight the Japanese of Midway (island) Between US and Japan. Can fly plans and bombs there. Japanese watned it and sent 4 of their aircraft carriers and sink 3 of the Jpaanese Aircraft carriers. The Japanese are then force to fight a defensive war.

What does the DDay invasion do to the Russian front fighting?

Weakens the Germany arym, adn the Russian turn the tide of war intot he russian Front. Allie push Germany towards Germany through France, the Russians are able to push Germany back into Germany through Russia.

How are the peasants reacting to Stalin?

Weren't happy about losing their religion and not happy about being told to change the way they are. They resisted agricultural state control. (Collectivism). Stalin killed 3 million Russian peasants due to them not agreeing with him. This results in another famine and potential civil war.

Sarejevo

Where the assignation happens.

Yalta Conference EXAM: whY IS yALTA THE HGIHT OF THE GRAND ALLIANCE?

bEST THING THAT TEHY DID TO GET RID OF HILTER. 7 plan agreement, "Yalta agreements" 1. Agree to retry collective security. Turns into the United Nations. 2. Liberation of Europe (From Naziism) 3. what to do with Germany... Take away Germany, by splitting it up into 3 parts. (USSR, U.K., USA) 4. America takes a aprt of theirs, England takes a part, and gives it to France. 5. Making the German's pay (reparations) 6. Establishment of future war crime trials. (1946) (As the invading armies invade Germany and sweep through Russia and Poland they discover the Holocaust.) = Nuremberg Trials. 7. Just between Russia and the USA. The USA still fighting against Japan, Russia agrees that 90 days after Germany surrenders, they will join the war against Japan, if the US allows Russia to control Poland. They knew England woulnd't allow Russia to have control over Poland. 1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-war.

Attrition

war that went on and on until the last person standing is the one that wins.