Module 2 interactive questions Pop Health

Which population is most likely to experience low health literacy?

-Chinese immigrants -teenage girls who do not graduate from high school -Adult Spanish-speaking females who are not fluent in English

Which statement is true about health literacy?

-Experts recommend that all clients be treated as if they have low health literacy

What strategies should a nurse employ when providing teaching to a client?

-Organize the content into units or components of like or related content -check for understanding by frequently asking questions

What is a past screening tool used by practitioners to assess health literacy?

-Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) -Test of Functional Health Literacy (TOFHLA)

what can help address and solve environmental health problems faced by populations and communities?

-collaboration with citizens and other professionals to develop protective and preventative environmental health strategies in the community -apply environmentally related research findings in your practice and participate in nursing research -take action to promote the development of policies and legislation that enhance consumer protection and promote healthier environment -take action to correct situations in which health hazards exist

What is included in health literacy?

-cultural literacy -reading skills -scientific literacy

A community health nurse who routinely works in the immunization clinic notes an influx of new patients from Russia. The nurse wants to improve self awareness of this population. What step can the nurse take to cultivate cultural sensitivity toward this new client population?

-demonstrate a genuine interest int he lives and culture of the new clients -interview some of the new members and inquire about cultural values

signs of low health literacy

-doesn't know name of medication -doesn't know why it's being prescribed -has difficulty completing forms -passive in the clinical encounter and rarely asks questions -exhibits problems in navigating and completing diagnostic tests -doesn't understand medication instructions

what criteria does a successful community intervention for improving environmental health meet?

-evidence based -relies on community input -feasible

The hallmark of the public health nurse highlights which component as it relates to community?

-focuses on population through continuous surveillance and assessment of the multiple determinants of health with the intent to promote health and wellness, prevent disease, disability and premature death; and improve neighborhood quality of life

(5.06) What are the risk factors for susceptibility to disease in vulnerable populations?

-health status -income -relative risk -resource availability

Which of these are signs an individual may have health literacy challenges?

-is more passive in the clinical encounter and rarely asks questions -misunderstands prescription medication instructions -has difficulty completing health forms

People with low health literacy?

-older adults -racial and ethnic minorities -less than high school education -low income levels -nonnative speakers of English compromised health status -adolescents and children

Individual cultural assessment

-patient's personal values and beliefs -communication -family dynamics -cultural identification -biological variations

What factors are considered part of the social and physical environment?

-policies and laws -neighborhood crime -number of abandoned houses

which populations are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards?

-poor or low income -minorities

Question about nurse Molly and what she can do to help asthmatic teenage patient?

-she can verbally educate him about differences of each inhaler -she can verbally check for comprehension of her instructions -she can give him literature to take home -she can take some time to explore his literacy skills

What are the responsibilities of a community health nurse?

-strive to eliminate disparities in the delivery of health care to families -address issues affecting family health -promote the health literacy of family members

Which are examples of serious environmental hazards that affect populations and communities?

-unhealthy and contaminated foods -overpopulation -insect and rodent control -deforestation, wetland destruction, desertification -ozone depletion and global warming

levels of intervention

-upstream: society, environment, policy Interventions: policy development and enforcement, coalition building -mainstream: population, community Interventions: collaboration, social marketing, screening -downstream: individuals Interventions: referral and follow-up, case management, delegated functions, counseling

What percentage of the US population does not even have a BASIC level of health literacy?

14%

correct order in developing an evaluation plan for community level interventions?

1. develop evaluation questions 2. identify where you will find data 3. plan how you will analyze data

Interventions in specific populations

1. substance abuse: outreach interventions 2.child and elder abuse: screening intervention 3. disability: counseling interventions 4. poverty: advocacy interventions 5. domestic abuse and violence: coalition building 6. chronic illness (heart disease and diabetes): health teaching

According to the National Asessment of Adult Health Literacy, what percentage of adults in the U.S have proficient health literacy skills?

12%

What percentage of children under the age of 6 live in poverty?

20%, one in five children

Considering health literacy, what intervention will the nurse implement when providing a patient education on newly prescribed medication?

Asking the patient to summarize the information that was provided -A summary by the patient is an excellent way of evaluating their understanding

A new client is scheduled at the clinic. During assessment, the nurse notes a circular, dark pink indentation on client's abdomen. Client is not from US. What is nurse's next best action in assessing this client?

Ask the client to describe usual health beliefs and practices when the client becomes sick

Which aspect of industrialization has had the greatest impact on the general health of mankind?

Air and water quality

What is a major variable in the health of populations?

Air pollution

When providing in home wound care, the nurse notes the client is frequently vocal and screams at relative when in pain. What area would the nurse document the frequent outburst and vocalizations?

Biological variations

Identify the best intervention that considers the mental, physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and environmental health affecting a population with mental health challenges

Case-finding

Which intervention will provide with the best understanding of a family's health risk?

Conducting a family-focused health literacy assessmen

what outreach method includes the nurse reaching out to individuals and families through home visits, churches, or school meetings?

Direct outreach

The nurse assesses the negative health effects of air pollution on individuals in a community. What level of intervention is the nurse practicing?

Downstream

What statement about environmental justice is correct?

Environmental justice is part of the mission of each federal agency

What is the initial nursing intervention when conducting a cultural assessment regarding the health beliefs and values of a member of a non-white American culture?

Establishing an accepting environment

factors central for guiding health care planners in choosing services and interventions that improve health?

Health indicators risk factors

Providing information on services provided at a local free clinic is an example of supporting which patient need?

Health literacy

What intervention can be used to prevent adverse health consequences and empower vulnerable populations through the sharing of knowledge, skills, and information?

Health teaching

what is correct about community health interventions?

Interventions are always base on assessment data

Media and social media outreach

May include: billboards, newspaper ads, radio messages, facebook posts

Public outreach

May include: booths at fairs, social events, parades, music in the park, WIC clinics, posters hung at places such as laundry facilities and grocery stores

Which statement about children and adolescent populations is true?

Of all children who are poor, 1/3 are African-American

which is true about health interventions in specific populations?

Outreach is an effective strategy for intervening in substance abuse

Which skill is fundamental to a nurse's ability to enhance a patient's health literacy?

Providing information in a manner that the patient can easily understand

Which science focuses on association between environment and human health?

Public health science

When considering cultural influences, how would the nurse interpret a Chinese patient's lack og eye contact during a discussion about a newly prescribed medication as a sign of what?

Respect

In preparing a health and wellness plan for the local senior citizen center, the nurse ensures the consideration of the three universal needs. What are the three universal human needs of the community?

Safety and security sense of belonging

what statement is true about global environmental challenges?

Seventeen percent of the world population lacks access to safe water sources

What statement is true about social justice?

Sharing common burdens and advantages

Upstream focus addresses the root cause of disease and manufacturers of illness by taking into account what factors?

Socioeconomic and environmental

What is true of clients with low health literacy?

They are more likely to be hospitalized

True or false Process evaluations focus on how well the program was implemented and looks at the processes, activities, and capacity building

True

What is meant by 'vulnerability' in the context of community health nursing?

Vulnerability is any factor that increases the chances for poor health

When considering health literacy associated wit health risk, what is the public health nurse's primary concern?

Whether the individual or the community chooses to implement or ignore the need for change

When considering the risks the environment presents to the human health, when does exposure to illness occur?

When people come into contact with an environmental contaminant

During an intake assessment at the local health department, the nurse asks a Hispanic client where in Mexico they were born. The client becomes angry and reports they were born in Colombia. What is the next best action for nurse to make?

apologize for the cultural insensitivity and make a mental note to be more careful in the future

which of these is a step in the nursing process that must come before diagnosis and intervention?

assessment

what is the first step in working toward community change in new community?

building relationships with community members and leaders

Identify the best intervention that considers the mental, physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and environmental health affecting a population experiencing emergency, disaster, and terrorism issues

collaboration

(5.07) A nurse could use which of the following to intervene with a vulnerable population's environmental risk?

community assessment

A nurse develops a program in an at-risk population as a result of disability related life year (DALY) health data. Which program goal best targets a reduction in DALY risk factors?

client will increase exercise to 3 days a week

A nurse could use which of the following to intervene with a vulnerable population's environmental risk?

conferring with local health departments

(3.05) When considering health views, which statement is the basis for discussions concerning the effect of culture?

cultural world views are responsible for the different beliefs regarding the cause of illness

of the following steps, which one should a nurse take after intervening with a vulnerable population's environmental risk

evaluate environmental health knowledge

What is the recommended reading level of medical literature?

fourth to sixth grade

direct outreach

may include reaching out to individuals and families through homes visits, churches, or school meetings

What would be an effective way for the nurse to communnicate the dangers of diabetes to introverts?

pamphlets

health teaching

particularly best for all teens and adolescents who are sexually active

Given a list of interventions, identify the best intervention that facilitates capacity building among the vulnerable populations and their commmunities

patient advocate

(5.04) Identify the best intervention that considers the mental, physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and environmental health of a population's cultural influences:

screening

which lifestyle choices of behaviors most strongly determine long term health outcomes in developed nations?

smoking and alcohol consumption

global health is a dynamic concept with many components. Which is NOT a determinant of global health?

spiritual environment

What is health literacy?

the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions -includes cultural, computer, scientific, media, and technological literacy

what best describes role of nurse in TB initiative?

to administer vaccines

Which is NOT a risk factor associated with global health?

unemployment