Module 3
It is important to use condoms in order to prevent STDs is an example of which construct?
Attitude
TRA and TPB-Attitude
Attitude is determined by individuals' beliefs about outcomes or attributes of performing the behavior, weighted by evaluations of those outcomes or attributes.
Principle of Compatibility
Attitude toward the behavior (attitude toward mammography) is a much better predictor of that behavior (obtaining mammography) than attitude toward the object (cancer)
Using condoms can prevent STDs is an example of which construct?
Behavioral belief
"What are the benefits from engaging in 20 minutes of exercise 3 days a week?" is an example of operationalizing which TRA construct: -Motivation to comply -Behavioral beliefs -Self-efficacy -Normative belief
Behavioral beliefs
Behavioral Belief
Belief that behavioral performance is associated with certain positive or negative feelings. Measured by bipolar unlikely-likely scale; scored -3 to +3.
Attitude= ________________ x __________________
Belief x Evaluation
Measure of Behavioral Intention
Bipolar unlikely-likely scale; scored -3 to +3
Beliefs for varied behaviors may differ among different populations. Therefore it is important to 'elicit' information to understand relevant underlying beliefs. An elicitation interview would least likely focus on collection information on: -demographics -behavioral beliefs -normative referents -control beliefs and self-efficacy
Demographics
Subjective norm
Determined by his/her normative beliefs (whether important referent individuals approve or disapprove of performing the behavior), weighted by the person's motivation to comply with those referents
Who can you think of that would do behavior X? Who can you think of that would not do behavior x?
Elicitation Questions for Descriptive norm
Who would support your doing behavior x? Who would be against your doing behavior x?
Elicitation Questions for Injunctive norm
What things make it easy for you to do behavior x? What things make it hard for you to do behavior x?
Elicitation Questions for Perceived control
If you want to do behavior x, how certain are you that you can? What other factors affect your ability to do behavior x?
Elicitation Questions for Self-Efficacy
How do you feel about the idea of behavior X? What do you like/dislike about behavior X? What do you enjoy/hate about behavior X?
Elicitation Questions for experimental attitude
What are the plusses or advantages of doing behavior X? What are benefits that might result from behavior x? What are the minuses or negative effects of doing behavior x?
Elicitation Questions for instrumental attitude
Preventing STDs is very important to me is an example of which construct?
Evaluation of behavioral outcome
Perceived control
In the Theory of Planned Behavior/IBM, NOT in the theories of TRA or HBM. Perceived control is determined by control beliefs concerning the presence or absence of facilitators and barriers to behavioral performance, weighted by their perceived power (impact of each control factor to facilitate or inhibit the behavior).
IBM- Normative Referents
Individuals or groups to whom they might listen who are in favor of or opposed to their performing the behavior
The theory of Reasoned Action is predicated on the underlying assumption that the best predictor of behavior is: -Self-efficacy -Norms -Intentions -Benefits
Intentions
I often do what my partner wants me to do is an example of which construct?
Motivation to comply
Motivation to comply
Motivation to do what each referent thinks or how important it is for me to do what I think others expect
I think my partner would want me to use condoms every time we have intercourse is an example of what construct?
Normative belief
The Theory of Planned Behavior added which construct to the Theory of Reasoned Action? -Perceived subjective norm -Perceived attitudes -Motivation to comply -Perceived behavioral control
Perceived behavioral control
The Theory of Planned Behavior adds...
Perceived control over the particular behavior, taking into account situations where one may not have complete volitional control (will) over behavior
Perceived Power
Perceived effect of each condition in making behavioral performance difficult or easy
Control belief
Perceived likelihood of occurrence of each facilitating or constraining condition
Behavioral Intention
Perceived likelihood of performing the behavior
IBM-Behavioral Beliefs
Positive and negative attributes or outcomes of performing the behavior
IBM- experimental attitude or affect
Positive and negative feelings about performing the behavior
IBM-Control beliefs and self-efficacy
Situational or other facilitators and barriers that make the behavior easy or difficult to perform (Personal Agency)
The belief about whether most people approve or disapprove of the behavior is a: -Subjective (injunctive) norm -Descriptive norm -Instrumental attitude -Population norm
Subjective (injunctive) norm
The underlying premise of the TRA is
That the most important determinant of behavior is behavioral intention
In the TRA, the direct determinants of individuals' behavioral intentions are
Their attitudes toward performing the behavior and subjective norms associated with a behavior
Normative belief
Whether important referent individuals approve or disapprove of performing the behavior or what I think others would want/expect me to do.