Module 3

It is important to use condoms in order to prevent STDs is an example of which construct?

Attitude

TRA and TPB-Attitude

Attitude is determined by individuals' beliefs about outcomes or attributes of performing the behavior, weighted by evaluations of those outcomes or attributes.

Principle of Compatibility

Attitude toward the behavior (attitude toward mammography) is a much better predictor of that behavior (obtaining mammography) than attitude toward the object (cancer)

Using condoms can prevent STDs is an example of which construct?

Behavioral belief

"What are the benefits from engaging in 20 minutes of exercise 3 days a week?" is an example of operationalizing which TRA construct: -Motivation to comply -Behavioral beliefs -Self-efficacy -Normative belief

Behavioral beliefs

Behavioral Belief

Belief that behavioral performance is associated with certain positive or negative feelings. Measured by bipolar unlikely-likely scale; scored -3 to +3.

Attitude= ________________ x __________________

Belief x Evaluation

Measure of Behavioral Intention

Bipolar unlikely-likely scale; scored -3 to +3

Beliefs for varied behaviors may differ among different populations. Therefore it is important to 'elicit' information to understand relevant underlying beliefs. An elicitation interview would least likely focus on collection information on: -demographics -behavioral beliefs -normative referents -control beliefs and self-efficacy

Demographics

Subjective norm

Determined by his/her normative beliefs (whether important referent individuals approve or disapprove of performing the behavior), weighted by the person's motivation to comply with those referents

Who can you think of that would do behavior X? Who can you think of that would not do behavior x?

Elicitation Questions for Descriptive norm

Who would support your doing behavior x? Who would be against your doing behavior x?

Elicitation Questions for Injunctive norm

What things make it easy for you to do behavior x? What things make it hard for you to do behavior x?

Elicitation Questions for Perceived control

If you want to do behavior x, how certain are you that you can? What other factors affect your ability to do behavior x?

Elicitation Questions for Self-Efficacy

How do you feel about the idea of behavior X? What do you like/dislike about behavior X? What do you enjoy/hate about behavior X?

Elicitation Questions for experimental attitude

What are the plusses or advantages of doing behavior X? What are benefits that might result from behavior x? What are the minuses or negative effects of doing behavior x?

Elicitation Questions for instrumental attitude

Preventing STDs is very important to me is an example of which construct?

Evaluation of behavioral outcome

Perceived control

In the Theory of Planned Behavior/IBM, NOT in the theories of TRA or HBM. Perceived control is determined by control beliefs concerning the presence or absence of facilitators and barriers to behavioral performance, weighted by their perceived power (impact of each control factor to facilitate or inhibit the behavior).

IBM- Normative Referents

Individuals or groups to whom they might listen who are in favor of or opposed to their performing the behavior

The theory of Reasoned Action is predicated on the underlying assumption that the best predictor of behavior is: -Self-efficacy -Norms -Intentions -Benefits

Intentions

I often do what my partner wants me to do is an example of which construct?

Motivation to comply

Motivation to comply

Motivation to do what each referent thinks or how important it is for me to do what I think others expect

I think my partner would want me to use condoms every time we have intercourse is an example of what construct?

Normative belief

The Theory of Planned Behavior added which construct to the Theory of Reasoned Action? -Perceived subjective norm -Perceived attitudes -Motivation to comply -Perceived behavioral control

Perceived behavioral control

The Theory of Planned Behavior adds...

Perceived control over the particular behavior, taking into account situations where one may not have complete volitional control (will) over behavior

Perceived Power

Perceived effect of each condition in making behavioral performance difficult or easy

Control belief

Perceived likelihood of occurrence of each facilitating or constraining condition

Behavioral Intention

Perceived likelihood of performing the behavior

IBM-Behavioral Beliefs

Positive and negative attributes or outcomes of performing the behavior

IBM- experimental attitude or affect

Positive and negative feelings about performing the behavior

IBM-Control beliefs and self-efficacy

Situational or other facilitators and barriers that make the behavior easy or difficult to perform (Personal Agency)

The belief about whether most people approve or disapprove of the behavior is a: -Subjective (injunctive) norm -Descriptive norm -Instrumental attitude -Population norm

Subjective (injunctive) norm

The underlying premise of the TRA is

That the most important determinant of behavior is behavioral intention

In the TRA, the direct determinants of individuals' behavioral intentions are

Their attitudes toward performing the behavior and subjective norms associated with a behavior

Normative belief

Whether important referent individuals approve or disapprove of performing the behavior or what I think others would want/expect me to do.