Module 3 graded quiz

CO2

Greatest Oxidaton

If a reaction is energetically favorable, then it must produce a

Increase in entropy

CH3OH

Intermediate oxidation

CH 4

Least oxidation

Enzymes increase the energy speed of a chemical reaction because they

Lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction

Why is the oxidation of NADPH energetically favorable?

The oxidized form of NADPH is more stable than the reduced form.

Why is CO2 an end product of cellular respiration?

because it is the most stable form of carbon in our atmosphere

Why is sunlight the ultimate source of energy for nearly all living things on Earth?

because photosynthetic organisms produce food molecules using light energy

The energy used by the cell to generate specific biological molecules and highly ordered structures is stored in the form of _____________.

chemical bonds

Catalysts are molecules that lower the activation energy for a given reaction. Cells produce their own catalysts called _____________.

enzymes

Living systems can generate and maintain order without violating the second law of thermodynamics because they generate

heat

Condensation reactions are energetically __________ and hydrolysis reactions are energetically ________

unfavorable, favorable

Reactions that break down molecules into smaller ones

Catabolic

What is the value of Delta G at equilibrium ?

Zero

Reactions that build larger molecules in the cell

Anabolic

Cellular respiration _______ energy and produces ________, whereas photosynthesis ________ energy and produces _________

Consumes; oxygen + sugars; produces;water + carbon dioxide

What is the relationship between Delta G and Delta G degrees?

Delta G 0 is the free energy change at standard temperature and concentrations

During respiration sugar is reduced and O2 is oxidized

False

The first law of thermodynamics states that the total amount of energy in the Universe is always decreasing

False

In an enzymatic reaction, a molecule gains an electron. Known as a

Reduction reaction

What is a reason ATP hydrolysis has a negative delta G0?

The removal of the phosphate is energetically favorable

What is the role of activated carriers in cells?

They capture energy from energy releasing reactions and transfer it to other reactions.

Ice is more ordered than water

True

The second law of thermodynamics state that the disorder in any system is always increasing

True

If the products of a reaction have more free energy than the reactants, then that reaction is

not energetically favorable