Module 47

Deandre, who is introverted but very skilled at his job.

According to research cited in your textbook, who is most likely to be a successful supervisor?

self-esteem.

All of Ernest's basic physiological and safety needs have been met, and he feels a solid sense of belonging and of being loved. According to Maslow, this suggests that he will next seek to satisfy his need for:

is self-actualized.

Ashley feels that she has reached her full potential as a physician. According to Maslow, Ashley:

There are questions regarding the validity of it.

Before Serene's first appointment date with a psychologist, she wants her to take the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Serene is uncomfortable taking a personality test for someone she barely knows. What argument can she use to persuade this psychologist that she should NOT take the test?

genuineness.

Dr. Burns sees his own therapist in order for him to be at his emotional best for seeing patients. He is open with his feelings and self-disclosing in his own therapy. Carl Rogers refers to this attitude as:

trait

Dr. O'Higgins believes that the study of personality should focus on identifying, describing, and measuring individual differences. Dr. O'Higgins probably would identify with the _____ perspective on personality.

conscientiousness

Geneva has an extremely clean dorm room. She keeps no clutter on her desk, she awakens very early to keep up with her schoolwork, and her car is spotless. Which of the following Big Five personality traits does she exhibit the MOST?

a positive self-concept.

Humanistic psychology emphasizes the importance of:

introversion

Jonathan is very good conversationalist but can only handle loud parties for a very short time. He prefers to meet his friends at a quiet wine bar and socialize there. Which personality trait best describes Jonathan?

self-concept.

Maria believes that she is a very bright and caring person. These qualities help make up her:

unconditional positive regard.

Marsha and Ben have been married for thirty years. They have shared everything about themselves, both the good and the bad, with each other. This sharing has helped them grow even closer to one another. Carl Rogers would say that they have:

acceptance

Marsha and Ben have been married for thirty years. They have shared everything about themselves, both the good and the bad, with each other. This sharing has helped them grow even closer to one another. Which condition of a growth-promoting climate, as proposed by Carl Rogers, does this exemplify?

genuineness

Rachel is a manager at a large department store. She is popular with her staff. Many of her employees like her because she is honest, frank, and open without any facade. Carl Rogers would argue that Rachel would score highly on:

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

The _____ includes a lie scale that tried to assess the extent to which a person is faking to make a good impression.

weak

The inconsistency of behaviors also makes personality test scores _____ predictors of behaviors.

the five-factor model of personality.

The most widely accepted trait theory today is:

extraversion

Western culture, including television programs, portray which of the following personality traits as being consistent with successful people?

genuineness.

When people are open with their own feelings, drop their facades, and are self-disclosing, they are displaying:

humanistic theories

Which of the following focused on the ways people strive for self-determination and self-realization?

humanistic

Which theoretical perspective has influenced counseling, education, child rearing, and management?

unconditional positive regard

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

trait

a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.

personality inventory

a questionnaire (often with true-false or agree-disagree items) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits.

empirically derived test

a test (such as the MMPI) developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups.

self-actualization

according to Maslow, one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential.

self-concept

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, "Who am I?"

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

the most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders (still considered its most appropriate use), this test is now used for many other screening purposes.

humanistic theories

view personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth.