Module 57
What influences aggression in the neural system?
Hormones, alcohol, and other substances in the blood
Believing the world is just and people get what they deserve
Just-World Phenomenon
If rewarded for aggression it may ____
continue
Ingroup bias
favoring of one's own group instead of others
The frustration-aggression principle states that...
frustration creates anger which may generate aggression especially in the presence of an aggressive cue (gun)
Name three things that may evoke hostility...
frustration, physical pain, personal insults, foul odors, and/or hot temp.
Prejudice is based on
gender, race, and sexual orientation
The catharsis hypothesis is the...
idea that we will feel better if we "blow off steam" by venting our emotions
"Us" is to _____, as "them" is to _____
ingroup; outgroup
Higher testosterone levels in males equal _____, low tolerance for frustration, _____, and ______.
irritability, assertiveness, impulsiveness
Humans are ____ sensitive to hormonal changes
less
Theory that offers an outlet for anger by providing someone o blame...
scapegoat theory
Mirror image perception is....
seeing "them" as untrustworthy and evil intention so they see "us"
We _____ with certain groups and ____ ourselves with others
associate; contrast
Prejudice is to ________ as discrimination is to _______
attitude; negative behavior
Putting people into groups and tending to overestimate the similarity of those in other groups
categorization
A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas
conflict
prejudice
an unjustifiable ( and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members; usually involving stereotype beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action
When something goes wrong we look for someone to blame, someone outside of "us"...
anger
Emotional Roots of Prejudice include...
anger and scapegoat theory
Ethnic groups are often categorized by...
appearance, personality, and attitudes
Kids who play violent games often get into _______, fights, and have worst _____
arguments; grades
Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
Aggression
______ is most destructive in our social relations..
Aggression
What are the cognitive roots of prejudice?
Categorization, vivid cases, and the just-world phenomenon
______ is considered rejecting immigrant minorities as job applicants for supposedly nonracial reason
Modern Prejudice
The idea that some women invite or enjoy rape and get "swept away" while being "taken"
Rape myth
Stereotype
a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized belief about a group of people
Aggression affirms from any interaction of ______ and _______.
biology; experience
A social trap is known as a situation in which ________ parties, by each pursuing their self-interest, becoming caught in mutually ____
destructive behavior
Significant behaviors usually have ______, making a single explanation or an ________
determinants; over simplication
Human aggression is influenced by...
genes
Assuming that those who succeed must be ____, and those who fail must be _____.
good; bad
Economically frustrate people have a ____ level of prejudice
high
Frustration results in
high levels of prejudice
Delinquency, hard drug use, and aggressive-bullying all correlate with...
high levels of testosterone
Vivid cases are readily available to our _____ therefore influencing our ______ on a group
memory; judgments
Examples of social inequalities are...
money, power, and worthiness
Those made miserable often make ....
others miserable
When "disciplining" a child for aggression with aggression, the parent is really...
rewarding the child for such behavior
If a person is lazy, ignorant, and irresponsible he/she is considered to be ____ according to social inequalities
slavelike
discrimination
unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members
Blame-the-victim-dynamic can best be described as...
using the circumstances of high poverty rates to increase crime rate; the process of justifying negative stats, on the lower class
