Module 80 - Altruism, Conflict, and Peacemaking

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

A belief that leads to its own fulfillment

Conflict

A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas

Mirror-Image Perceptions

Mutual views often held by conflicting people

Superordinate Goals

Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation

Bystander Effect

The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present

Altruism

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Reciprocity Norm

An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them

Social Traps

A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in mutually destructive behavior

GRIT

A strategy designed to decrease international tensions; Graduated and Reciprocated Initiations in Tension-Reduction

Social-Responsibility Norm

An expectation that people will help those needing help

Social Exchange Theory

The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs