Molarity. Molality. M.F. Dilution

1 mole equivalents

6.02 x 10^23 R.P. AMU in grams 22.4 L at STP

Solute definition

Dissolved substance that can be a salt, base, or acid

Solvent definition

Dissolving medium that's almost always water but can be something else

Mole fraction definition

Ratio of moles of solute/solvent in solution to total number moles of solute and solvent

Solute examples

Salt is something with ionic bond. Acid starts with hydrogen (H). Base ends with Hydroxide (OH)

Homogeneous mixture definition

Same and uniform throughout

Dilution formula

(Molarity1)(volume1) = (Molarity2)(volume2)

Molality formula

(Moles solute) divided by (1 KG solvent or 1000 g solvent)

Mole fraction formula

(Moles solute/solvent) divided by total moles of solutes and solvent

Molarity for concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

18 M

Concentration expression shows

Amount solute in specified amount solvent/solution

Solution definition

Consists of dissolved substance and dissolving medium

2 liquids solution

Excess liquid is solvent

Density/Specific Gravity units

G/ml

Molality other name

Molal concentration

3 Concentration expression ways

Molarity. Molality. Normality

Mole fraction addition

Mole fractions add to give 1

Molarity formula

Moles of solute divided by 1 liter of solution

Molality unit

Moles per kilogram of solvent (mostly)

Molarity units

Moles per liter of solution

Dilution alterations

Moles solute DONT CHANGE! Moles solute before and after solution are SAMEEE!

Mole fraction unit

No real unit since moles cancel so just say mole fraction

Solute state of matter

Not always solid. Can be gas or liquid

Molarity definition

Number of moles of solute contained in 1 liter of solution

Molality definition

Number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 KG or 1000 G solvent

2 types glassware with dilution

Pipet. Volumetric flask

Dilution definition

Process of adding WATER to achieve desired molarity for particular solution

Example of homogeneous mixture

Solutions

Stock solution definition

Solutions in their concentrated form

Dilution with concentrated stuff

Use the 1s!