Month 1 General Review Quizlet

How Does "Array" In The "Tools" Drop-Down Menu Function?

"Array" In The "Tools" Drop-Down Menu Is Essentially Duplicate Special From Maya.

What Does "Attach" And "Detach" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Attach" And "Detach" In "Edit Geometry" Will Attach And Detach Components From Each Other.

What Does "Bevel" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Bevel" Will Basically Allow You To Extrude A Selection Of Faces With The Added Option Of Changing The "Outline Amount", Which Is Basically How Thick The Selection Will Be. This Makes "Extrude" In "Edit Polygons" Obsolete. This Is Because "Bevel" Is Essentially The Same Thing, But With One More Option.

What Does "Break" In Edit Vertices Do?

"Break" In "Edit Verts" Will Break Up A Vertex Into 4 Parts, This Is Good For Modeling damage.

What Does "Bridge" In "Edit Edges" Do?

"Bridge" In "Edit Edges" Will Bridge 2 Edges, But If You Press Bridge You Can Drag Select Which 2 Edges You Want To Be Connected.

What Does "Bridge" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Bridge" In "Edit Polygons" Bridges 2 Or More Faces, The Options Panel Has Some Interesting Options Which Are Similar To Maya, But With It's Own Little Hint Of Magic.

What Does "By Angle" Do?

"By Angle" Allows You To Select Faces Based On The Change In Curvature, Or Angle, of The Selected Face's Contiguous Faces.

What Does "Cap" In "Edit Borders" Do?

"Cap" In "Edit Borders" Allows You To Close Up A Selected Hole.

What Does "Collapse" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Collapse" In "Edit Geometry" Will Collapse, Or Combine, All Selected Components To The Pivot Of The Selection.

What Does "Connect" In "Edit Edges" Do?

"Connect" In "Edit Edges" Connects 2 Or More Edges, But If You Select The Options Box, You Can Pinch And Slide The Created Edges Along Their Supporting Edges Velocity.

What Does "Constraints" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Constraints" In "Edit Geometry" Allows You To Select By Which Method The Transformation Of A Component Will Be Constrained.

What Does "Create Shape" In "Edit Edges" Do?

"Create Shape" In "Edit Edges" Creates A Spline From A Selection Of Edges.

What Does "Create" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Create" In "Edit Geometry" Allows You To Place Down Vertices, Combining This With Snapping Will Allow You To Creatively Produce Geometry.

What Is The Purpose Of "Cut" In "Edit Geometry"?

"Cut" In "Edit Geometry" Is Basically Multi-Cut.

What Does "Delete Isolated Vertices" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Delete Isolated Vertices" In "Edit Geometry" When Toggled On Will Delete Vertices When Deleting Selected Components Outside Of "Vertex" Sub-Object Mode. When Off, It Will Keep Any Vertices In Their Current Position When Deleting Related Components.

What's The Biggest Difference Between Editable Poly And Edit Poly?

"Editable Poly" Has Different Options Within Panels Compared To "Edit Poly", There's More Options!!

What Is An Element?

"Element" Means All The Geometry Which Is Contiguous, Or Touching, In A Single Mesh

What Does "Extrude Along Spline" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Extrude Along Spline" In "Edit Polygons" Extrudes A Selection Of Polygons In A Path Which Is Shaped Like The Referenced Spline Curve. There Are Some Interesting Options In The Options Panel!

What Does "Extrude" In "Edit Edges" Do?

"Extrude" In "Edit Edges" Extrudes A Selection Of Edges But Also Allows You To Set A Base Width, This Is Good For Adding Quick Indentations And Rectangular/Cylindrical Protrusions. This Is Essentially Just Like Extruding A Vert, Except Your Doing It To An Edge.

What Does "Extrude" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Extrude" In "Edit Polygons" Will Extrude A Selection Of Faces. This Is Made Obsolete By "Bevel's" Same Operation With 1 More Option.

What Does "Flip" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Flip" In "Edit Polygons" Will Flip The Normals Of Selected Faces.

What Does "Grid Align" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Grid Align" In "Edit Geometry" Shrink Wraps The Selected Components To The Grid.

What Are The Individual Functions Of The Hide Options In "Edit Geometry"?

"Hide Selected", "Unhide All" And "Hide Unselected" In "Edit Geometry" All Do Exactly As Said. You Select Components Or Whole Elements And Then Use These To Get The Desired Result. When Unhiding Geometry, You May Come Across A Problem In Which You Can Select The Polygons Of The Recently Unhidden Components, But You Can't Select The Vertices, To Fix This You Must Go Into Each Sub-Object Which Is Being Hidden And Select "Unhide All" In "Edit Geometry". This Can Happen When Using These Settings In Certain Sub-Objects!

What Does "Hinge From Edge" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Hinge From Edge" In "Edit Polygons" Essentially Wedges A Selection Of Edges Along The Radius Of The Selected "Hinge/Edge's" Pivot. You Can Also Add Divisions To Increase The Curvature Of The Wedging, Or Not.

What Does The "Hold Boundary Points" Option In The "Relax" Options Panel Do?

"Hold Boundary Points" In "Relax" Allows You To Keep The Position Of The Components Which Are A Part Of Border Edges. This Means If You're Working Off Symmetry, The Mid-Line Won't Be Disrupted! You Can Also Disable This.

What Does The "Ignore Backfacing" Option Do?

"Ignore Backfacing" Makes Your Selection Not Select Components Which Are Facing Away From The Camera.

What Does "Insert Vertex" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Insert Vertex" In "Edit Polygons" Will Insert A Vertex On A Face And Connect It To The Nearest Edges, This Isn't A Very Good Method For Going About This Task.

What Does "Insert Vertices" In "Edit Edges" Do?

"Insert Vertices" In "Edit Edges" Allows You To Place Vertices Along Edges. This Can Be Good For Prototyping Shapes And Then Cleaning Them Up After Finalizing The Shape.

How Do You Display A Simplified Version Of A Smoothed Mesh In The Viewport?

"Isoline Display" In "Turbo Smooth" Allows You To See A Simplified Version Of The Smoothed Mesh. This Is Much Like Smooth Preview In Maya!

How Do You Lock A Soft Selection?

"Lock Soft Selection" In The "Soft Selection" Panel Of "Edit Poly" Will Lock The Current Selection Made In Soft Selection.

What Does The "Loop" Option In Edit Poly Do?

"Loop" Selects A Loop Of Components Based On The Components You Have Selected Currently.

What Is The Purpose Of The "MSmooth" Modifier?

"MSmooth" In "Edit Geometry" Offers A Couple Of Ways To Smooth Components Or Whole Elements. Meaning You Can Smooth Certain Areas!

What Does "Make Planar" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Make Planar" In "Edit Geometry" Takes The Average Normal Direction Of The Selection And Aligns The Selected Components To That Averaged Normal Direction. This Is Great For Getting Flat Surfaces In Hard Surface Modeling!

What Does "Make Unique" Do?

"Make Unique" Breaks The Connection Of An Instance

What Does "Outline" In "Edit Polygons" Do?

"Outline" In "Edit Polygons" Will Allow You To Scale Your Polygon, This Isn't A Very Good Method Of Doing This Task Since It Doesn't Keep The Proportions Of Your Polygons, So Regular Scale Is Better.

How Do You Apply A Paint Function To The Selection Method Of Soft Selection?

"Paint Soft Selection" In The "Soft Selection" Panel Of "Edit Poly" Is A Toolset Which Can Be Used To Paint Selections And Weight Values For Transforming.

What Does The "Pin Stack" Option Do?

"Pin Stack" Locks The Current Modifier Stack Into Place So Even When You Select Another Object You Still View The Pinned Stack

What Does "Quadrify All" In The "Geometry All" Menu Of The "Modeling" Shelf Do?

"Quadrify All" In The "Geometry All" Menu Of The "Modeling" Shelf Tries To Quadrify Your Mesh By Deleting Edges Which Are Creating Triangles

What Does "Quick Slice" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Quick Slice" In "Edit Geometry" Allows You To More Quickly Slice Like When Using A Slice Plane.

What Does "Relax" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Relax" In "Edit Geometry" Basically Averages The Selection In Relation To The Neighboring Components, Such As "Average Vertices" In Maya. This Is Better For Organic Modeling.

What Does "Remove" In "Edit Edges" Do?

"Remove" In "Edit Edges" Removes Selected Edges, But You Should Hold CTRL When Clicking "Remove" If You Want The Verts To Be Removed As Well!

What Does "Repeat Last" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Repeat Last" In "Edit Geometry" Will Repeat The Last Operation Performed In The Current Sub-Object To The Selected Components, Applying The Same Values.

What Does The "Ring" Option In Edit Poly Do?

"Ring" Selects A Ring Of Components Based On The Components You Have Selected Currently.

How Do You Create A Material From A Material In The Viewport?

"Select Material From Object" In The Material Editor Brings Up An Eyedropper Selection Which Allows You To Create A Material By Clicking On A Material In The Viewport.

What Does The Show End Result Option Toggle?

"Show End Result On/Off" Allows You To View The End Product Of The Object You're Working With While Also Being In An Earlier Modifier In The Stack

What Does "Shrink" And "Grow" Do?

"Shrink" and "Grow" Will Shrink And Grow Your Selection Along The Contiguous Components Of Your Selection.

What Does "Slice Plane" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"Slice Plane" In "Edit Geometry" Creates A Plane Which Will Create An Edge Loop Or Ring Based On Where The Plane Is Placed On The Geometry. You Can Also Select Certain Faces To Only Effect That Part Of The Geometry. This Will Give You Less Cleanup Work.

What Does "Split" In "Edit Edges" Do?

"Split" In "Edit Edges" Splits A Selection Of 2 Or More Contiguous Edges. This Is Good For Creating Quick Holes And Slits!

What Does "Step Build" In The "PolyDraw" Menu Of The "FreeForm" Shelf Do?

"Step Build" In The "PolyDraw" Menu Of The "FreeForm" Shelf Allows You To Create Verts On A Surface Such As For Retopologizing, You Can Also Make Polygons This Way.

What Is The Purpose Of The "Tesselate" Modifier?

"Tessellate" In "Edit Geometry" Is Has The Same Effect As "MSmooth" Except It Doesn't Change The Geometry Of Your Mesh, Only The Topology. This Makes Your Mesh Denser While Keeping The Silhouette The Same.

What Is The Purpose Of The "Turbosmooth" Modifier?

"Turbosmooth" Is The Simplest Way To Smooth A Whole Model.

What're The 2 Modifiers Used For UV Mapping?

"UVW Map" And "Unwrap UVW".

What Does "View Align" In "Edit Geometry" Do?

"View Align" In "Edit Geometry" Aligns The Selected Components To The Perspective Of The Camera, Making The Components Flat To The Camera's Current View. A Cool Technique Is To Create Extra Cameras To Run This Function And Move Them Into Position To Create The Flatness You Desire.

What Does "Weight" In "Editable Poly's" "Edit Verts" Panel Do?

"Weight" In "Editable Poly's" Edit Verts Panel Changes The Weight Of Verts In Relation To How Close Polygons Will Be To The Selected Verts, Compared To Nearby Verts, Once Smoothed. This Changes How Turbosmooth Calculates The Smoothed Shape Of The Mesh. It's Like Push-Pull Gravity For Which Verts Will Get More Polys, This Is Essentially "Crease" From Maya.

What Are The Functions Of The X,Y And Z Options Next To "Make Planar" In "Edit Geometry"?

"X", "Y" And "Z" Next To "Make Planar" In "Edit Geometry" Uses The Local Pivot Of The Object To Line Up The Selection On The Axis Chosen. This Is Great For Getting Exactly What Kind Of Flat Surface You Need During Hard Surface Modeling.

How Can You Use Decay To Make An Eye Gleam More, Properly Of Course.

(Since Decay Makes Lighting Dim With Distance)You Can Use A High Decay On A Light Near The Eye And Have It Only Effect The Eye!

How Many Shadow Samplings Do Hard Shadows Require?

1

What Range Of Light Angles Are Typical Of Direct Sunlight?

1-2.5.

Sun Light Isn't Always Completely Sharp, What's A Good Light Angle Range For A Regular Sunny Day?

1-5

What Kind Of Thread Are Jeans Sown With?

100% With Cotton Thread.

What Range Of Light Angles Are Typical Of Light Coming From Behind Clouds?

18-22

What's The Most Physically Correct Decay Setting?

2/Quadratic(Inverse Square) Decay.

What Is The Base Of All Stylized Materials?

3 Saturations(The Base Is Different Saturations Of The Same Color, Usually 3 Saturations. A Dark, Light And Medium Tone).

How Many Spokes Are On A Bikes Wheel?

36, Or 18 On Each Side.

What Kind Of Point Cloud Can Come Out Of Footage Which Has Distortion?

A Curved Point Cloud

What's The Fastest Way To Separate A Mesh Cleanly?

A Good Way To Separate A Mesh Into Different Elements Is By Using The "Open" Option In The Chamfer Operation Menu.

What's The Proper Color Gradient To Use When Setting Up The Main Dome Light?

A Light Desaturated Color On The Horizon To A Dark Saturated Color Near The Top Of The Sky.

What's A Secondary Gradient You Could Use With Dome Lighting?

A Light To Dark Gradient Radiating From The Point Where The Sun Is To The Dark Part If The Sky.

What Will Happen Once You Create Geometry On A Tracker?

A Node System Will Appear On The Graph With Connections(You Can Connect The Node, Along With The Correct Camera Node, To A ScanlineRender Node To Accurately Simulate The Placement Of Said Geometry Throughout The Sequence).

What Kind Of Camera And Exposure Value Should You Use?

A Physically Based Camera And Realistic Exposure.

What Kind Of Image Should Be In The Foreground Of A Merge Node?

A Premultiplied Image

What's The TMI Slider?

A Slider Which Uses Temperature, Magenta And Intensity To Set Colors.

Using More Than One Light Per Window Is Okay, What Should The Secondary Light Behind A Window Usually Be Like?

A Soft Spherical Area Light From Behind The Main Area Light

What Type Of Item Doesn't Have An Eye Next To It In The Stack?

A Sub-Object

What Color Is The Night Skylight Usually Going To Be?

A Very Soft Blue Glow Which Isn't Too Bright.

What's The Best Type Of Light Within Maya To Use As A Negative Light? Why?

A Volume Light. You Can Specify Its Shape And Use Only "Emit Ambient", Which Will Make Your Light Very Soft.

How Should The Spread Of Trackers Be Like On The Clip Ideally?

Across The Whole Frame Of The Shot(You Can Also Clean Them Up Later If Some Of Them Turn Out To Be Bad When You Try To Spread Out The Trackers).

What's A Good Way To Keep Clean Geometry When Cutting?

Activating Vertex Snap When Cutting Makes Connecting Verts Easier.

What's Step Three To Making An Occlusion Sandwich?

Add A Key Lighting Pass, Which Contains Any Lights That Need Their Own Distinct Shadows. Use The Plus Merge Node To Add In This Layer.

How Can You Augment The Darkly Lit Parts Of Your Scene?

Add A Kick Light.

What Can You Add To Rooms Which Have Smoke Or Have Had A Lot Of Smoke In Them To Make Them Appear More Appealing?

Add Atmosphere.

What's Step Two To Making An Occlusion Sandwich?

Add In Your Occlusion Pass Using A Multiply Node To Combine It.

How Can You Create Simple Outdoor Lighting?

Add Three Elements To Your Scene, Direct Sunlight, Soft Fill Light Representing Light From The Sky And Indirect Light, Simulated Bounced Lighting.

What's An Alternative Way To Adjust The Size Of An Area Lights Light Source?

Adjust The UV Parameters If It Has UVs.

What Are "Perceived Affordances"?

Affordances That Help People Figure Out What Actions Are Possible Without The Need For Labels Or Instructions.

What're The Six Fundamental Phycological Concept That Discoverability Results From?

Affordances, Signifiers, Constraints, Mappings, Feedback, And Conceptual Models.

What's A Productive Protocol To Follow After Applying Basic Support Edges?

After Adding Supporting Edges, It Can Help To Enhance The Edge Flow Of The Surrounding Geometry. This Makes For Less Pinching And Undesirable Results. For Example, You Can Create More Clean Turns In The Edge Flow. This Will Result In More Tight Geometry.

What Happens To Kindling When It's Ready To Be Used?

After Being Left Outside All Summer And Winter, It Must Be Reduced To A Paste.

What Aspect Of Outdoor Lighting Should Indoor Lighting Still Contain?

All 3 Of The Natural Lighting Sources, Being Sun Light, Sky Light And Indirect Light.

What's The Hotkey For Moving Between Cuts On The Timeline?

Alt + Left/Right Arrow Key.

What's The Hotkey For Zoom?

Alt + Middle Click

What Should You ALWAYS Check For When Creating A Mask?

Always Check To See If There's A Smart Mask You Can Use As A Base For The Kind Of Masking You're Looking To Make. Check The Shelf AND Check Substance Share!

What Kind Of Lighting Should Fill Light Layers Use?

Ambient Lights With Color Variation And Bounce Lights In Different Areas. So As Not To Be Too Uniform.

What Should You Remember About Lighting When Making An Ambient Occlusion Pass?

Ambient Occlusion Passes Don't Use Lighting, So Turn Them Off.

What Is A "Straight" Or "Unpremultiplied" Image?

An Image Which Hasn't Been Premultiplied.

What's The Best Method To End Up With Great Lighting?

An Immense Amount Of Revisions(Where You Try EVERYTHING until You Figure Out What You want).

What Are Most Nodes Comprised Of?

An Input, Output, Name And Mask Input.

What Type Of Item Has An Eye Next To It In The Stack?

An Object

What Should Your Image Have Before Merging?

And RGB And Alpha Channel That's Been Premultiplied.

What're "Channel Sets"?

Another Term For Layers.

What Render Setting Can Help With Grainy Soft Shadows Besides Sampling?

Anti-Aliasing

What Kinds Of Surfaces Should Act Like Light Sources Or Bounce Lighting?

Any Surface Hit By A Bright Light

How Do You Apply An Effect Over A Whole Edit?

Apply A New Video Track On Top Of The Current One And Place The Effect In That Track.

How Can You Solve The Problem Where Your Reference Plane Is Too Dark?

Apply A Shell Modifier To Cancel The Darkening Effect Of Backfaces!

What Should You Make Sure To Do When UV Mapping Multiple Objects?

Apply Different Object Colors For Each Object.

How Do You Instance A Modifier?

Apply It While Having Multiple Objects Selected.

What's The Biggest Difference Between Area Lights And Other Lights?

Area Lights Emit Light Based On Their Shape And Their Shape Can Be Changed(Like A Fluorescent Tube).

What Kind Of Light Is The Most Beautiful For Soft Shadows?

Area Lights.

What Option Does Arrimus Recommend Turning Off?

Arrimus Recommends Turning Off "Enable Caddy Controls" In The "General" Section Of The "Preferences" Menu. This's Because Caddy Controls Give You A Different Control Scheme When Using An Operation Menu. It All Depends On You Tho.

What's A Recommended Way To Setup Your Viewport Material For Modeling?

Arrimus Recommends Working With A Material Which Is Grey In Diffuse And Black In Object Color, This Is Good For Contrast When Reading Topology. He Also Recommends Changing The Secularity And Glossiness Of The Material To Be Equal But Also Comfortable For You, This Helps In Reading The Topology. Just Do Whatever Helps You Read The Topology Better!

What Hotkey Has An Unexpectable Outcome In Arrimus' Hotkey Setup?

Arrimus' "Remove Edge" Hotkey Only Removes The Corresponding Vertices While In "Editable Poly" Mode, In "Edit Poly" It Retains All Corresponding Verts.

When Should You PreMultiply When Comping Multiple EXRs?

At The End When You've Already Unpremultiplied And Color Corrected Everything.

What Should You Always Be Looking To Be Able To Add To A Large Scene?

Atmosphere.

How Do You Get Nuke To Automatically Connect New Nodes In The Node Editor?

Before Creating The Node, Select The One You Want To Create The Connection To.

What's The Procedure For Starting A Retopo Operation?

Before You Begin Retopologizing, You Need A Base Object To Originate The New Geometry From. Essentially The Beginning Of The Retopo-Mesh Will Be Like A Separate Element From Another Mesh. Then, Set "Draw On" In The "PolyDraw" Menu Of The "Freeform" Shelf To "Surface". After You Do That Select The "Pick" Option Next To The "Draw On" Menu And Pick The Surface You Wish To Snap To, This Will Snap The Verts You Create To The Surface Of The Sculpt Mesh. After You've Done This, Create A New Element From The Base Mesh By Creating A Small Section Of Retopo And Then Delete The Primitive Element. This Is How You Start A Retopo Project.

What Colors Does The Moon Usually Project?

Blue If There's Other Lighting Around Or Yellow If It's By Itself.

What Are The 2 Key Rules To Good Boolean Operations?

Both Objects Should Have Good Topology And Both Objects Should Have Similar Density

What Setting Should Be Upscaled When Using Decay And Inverse Square Decay Especially?

Brightness/Intensity.

How Can You Visually Explain Where Your Scene Is Taking Place Without Showing It?

By Using Off-Screen Motivated Lighting.

What Kinds Of Situations Do Bad Designers Not Put Their Focus Or Time On.

Cases Where Things Go Wrong, Not Just When Things Work As Planned.

What's The Best Way To Simulate Realistic Light Colors?

Change The Actual Color Of The Light And Try Blending Them Together(Essentially Build Ambient Light Focused On Color Variation).

How Can You Add Tints To The Areas Which A Negative Light Darkens?

Change The Color Of The Negative Light To The Complementary Color Of The Color You Want As A Tint Since You're Subtracting The Color, Not Adding.

When Using The "Relax By Centers" Method For The "Relax" Operation, What Should You Make Sure To Do?

Check One Box Option To Prevent Strectching The Selected UV Island To Infinity.

What Should You Check To Make Sure Of Whenever A Character Makes Contact With Something?

Check To Make Sure That The Object Is Shadowing The Character And The Character Is Shadowing The Object To Get A Visible Sense Of Contact.

What's A General Way To Check The Quality Of Your Fill Layer?

Check To See If There Are Any Specular Highlights Or Extremely Bright Spots. There Shouldn't Be Much Specular Highlight At All And The Distribution Of Light Should Be Fairly Even, Unless There's A Naturally Occluded Area.

Designs Don't Always Have To Be Physical, What're Some Examples Of Non-Physical Design?

Classes Or Business Structures.

How Do You Render From A Write Node?

Click "Render" It's Properties Pane.

How Do You Preview Media Before Importing It?

Click The Black Arrow At The Top Right Of The Window To Pull Down The Preview Viewer.

What Should You Do Before You Pre-Multiply To Avoid Black Edges?

Color Correct.

What's A Powerful Visual Tool To Remember To Use When Texturing Stylized Assets?

Color Gradients.

What Are The Main Qualities Of Light Seen Within A Picture?

Color Temperature, Softness, Brightness, Throw Pattern And Angle.

What Does Every Type Of Light Source Have That's Different?

Color Temperature.

What Should You Keep In Mind When Using Paint Layers For Extending Color Placement?

Color Variation Depends On The Change In Geometry(So Don't Forget To Change Color When Changing Geometry).

What Does "Rebuilding The Shader" Mean?

Combining All The Individual AOV Passes Of A Render To Match The Original Clip(This Is Why A Separate EXR For Each AOV Pass Is Important).

What's The Best Way To Import Multiple UV's Into Nuke?

Comp Them Into A Sequence, Import It And Extract Them Individually By Using The "FrameHold" Node(You Can Then Use The "UV Tile" Node To Merge Them All Back Together, Just Like With The AOV EXRs).

What's The Best Way To Go About Re-Creating Logos And Decals?

Construct Them In Photoshop Using Reference Images And Then Import Them Into Substance.

How Can You Make A Directional Kick Light?

Copy The Main Sun Light And Set It To Cast Light In The Darkened Direction And Make It Dimmer And Shift The Color Value Towards The Hue Of The Sky That's Being Used.

What Can Using A Linear Workflow Achieve?

Correct Quadratic Decay.

How Should You Frame A Depth Map?

Cover The Objects That Will Cast Shadows But Don't Cover Too Much Extra Empty Space Around The Objects.

How Do Model Something From Reference Which Has A Skewed Perspective?

Create A Separate Camera From The Point At Which You Want To Model The Object From. With This New Camera, Change The FOV and Distance Of The Camera From The Reference Image And The Object Until They Line Up As Best As Possible, You Can Also Try Changing The Dimensions Of Your Primitive To Closer Match The Reference.

What Does "Branching" Mean?

Creating A New Path For Nodes To Flow In To Reconnect To The Tree Later.

What Kind Of Decay Makes Light Decay More Rapidly And What Kind Of Situations Can It Be Useful In?

Cubic Decay. It Can Be Useful In Situations Where There's Lighting In Thick Fog Or Murky Water, Essentially In Semi-Occluded Lighting Situations.

How Can You Increase The Emphasis On A Certain Object?

Darken The Colors And Decrease The Brightness On The Other Objects(Or Vice Versa).

What Are The Main Differences Between Depth Map Shadows And Raytraced Shadows?

Depth Map Shadows Take Less Time To Render Than Ray Traced Shadows But Require More Tweaking And Aren't As High Resolution As Ray Traced Shadows.

What Kind Of Design Is Considered HCD?

Design That Put Human Needs, Capabilities, And Behavior First, Then Designs To Accommodate Those Needs, Capabilities And Ways Of Behaving.

How Do You Figure Out What Lighting To Research For Reference?

Determine What Kinds Of Light Motivate Your Scene's Illumination.

What Kinds Of Illumination Can You Set Lights Themselves To Emit?

Diffuse And Specular Illumination.

What Kind Of Light Is Best For Simulating Sun Beams?

Directional Lights.

What Should You Do Before You Begin Lighting Your Scene

Disable Or Delete Everything Lighting Your Scene(It's Best To Start With Everything Completely Dark To Get A Better Idea Of How Each Light Will Affect The Scene And Comp).

How Do You Make Sure All Your Custom Hotkeys Will Work Properly?

Disable The "Keyboard Shortcut Override Toggle" Button Option On The Top Shelf. Although, You Might Want To Keep It On When Working In Specific Menus, Like The Material Editor.

In Order To Be Effective Design, What Must Affordances And Anti-Affordances Have?

Discoverability

What're The Two Most Important Elements Of Good Design?

Discoverability And Understanding.

What About Shadows Are Essential To Getting The Most Convincing Shading And Colors In Your Final Scene?

Distinction, Such As Gradients In Lighting Based On Light Sources.

What Should You Keep In Mind When Using Lighting Environments?

Don't Forget That The Textures Only Look Like That Because Of The Environment. Once Exported, The Textures Will Look Different, So Remember That.

What Should You Keep In Mind When Working With Softness?

Don't Overuse Hard Edged Lights(This Gives The Render A Cliché Bad 3D Render Look. Always Try Some Iteration Of Soft Shadows, Not Many Light Sources Cause Super Hard Edges).

What's The Key To Lighting A Night Scene?

Don't Underexpose The Entire Scene, But To Use A Lot Of Contrast. You Can Break Up The Darkness With Bright Highlights And Selectively Apply Rims And Glints Of Light.

What Should You Do When Using Spheres In Booleans?

Don't Use A Regular Sphere. What You Need To Do Is Make A Sphere Out Of A Box. Once You've Created A Sphere, Using The "Spherify" Operation Can Further Develop A Sphere-Like Silhouette On The Mesh.

How Do You Display A Clip Before Putting It On The Timeline?

Double Click It To Make It Display On The Viewer.

How Do You Access The Node Network Connected To Your Comp Clip?

Double Click On The Comp Clip Of The Media In The Sequence Editor.

How Do You Create A Sequence?

Drag A Piece Of Media Onto The Sequence Tab.

How Do You Connect Nodes?

Drag One Input To One Output Or One Output To One Input.

What Can You Do If You Still Have Too High A Solve Error Even After Refining And Recalculating Your Scene?

Drop Down The "Keyframe Separation" Option And Try Fiddling With Other Setting And Re-Solving Until You Get A Good Result(Sort Of Like A Feedback Loop).

What Should You Do When You're Done Setting Up Your Sunlight?

Duplicate The Sun Light And Make The Duplicated Light's Shadows Softer And Dimmer To Add Spill Light From The Sun.

What Kind Of Atmosphere Is Common In Space?

Dust Particles Or The Emissions From A Rocket Floating In Space Between Objects.

What Kind Of Atmosphere Can Usually Be Seen Outside Or In Old/Dusty Buildings?

Dust.

0, 1, 2, 3 Decays

Each Is A Formula. 0 Is No Decay, 1 Is Linear(Inverse) Decay, 2 Is Quadratic(Inverse Square) Decay And 3 Is Cubic Decay

What Does "Local Illumination" Entail?

Each Surface Is Rendered By Itself, Taking The Light Sources Into Account But Not The Brightness Of Nearby Objects.

What Kind Of Elements Shouldn't You Have Trackers On?

Elements Which Are Physically Moving.

What's The Best Way To Realistically Simulate Bounced Lighting?

Enable GI

What Does The "By Vertex" Option In Edit Poly Do?

Enabling "By Vertex" In The Edit Poly Modifier Will Force You To Only Select Polygons By Selecting Their Associated Vertices. This Results In Multiple Polygons Being Selected.

What Does "Edit Triangulation" in "Editable Edges" Do?

Enabling "Edit Triangulation" in "Editable Edges" Reveals The Hidden Triangles Which Make Up Your Model. Furthermore "Turn" Allows You To Flip The Orientation Of The Triangle By Flipping The Diagonal.

How Do You Preform A Boolean Operation?

Enter The "Compound Objects" Panel Under The "Create" Menu. Next Select An Object Which You Wish To Be Part Of The Boolean Operation, Then Select The "Boolean" Or "ProBoolean" Menu Option. You Then Can Select Which Operands You Chose To Use And Select What Type Of Boolean Operation You'd Like To Do Within The Menu.

When Designing Machines, What Factor Should You Take Into Account?

Errors Will Be Made By Humans.

How Often Does Nuke Autosave By Default?

Every 30 Seconds And Once After 5 Seconds Of Being AFK(Only Autosaves After Project Has Been Saved As A Script).

How Can You Fake A Shadows Shape Using A Cookie?

Extract A Depth Map Of The Shape Of The Desired Shadows And Use It As A Grayscale Image For Inputting As A Cookie Into Your Shadows Light's Projection Shape.

What Kind Of Lighting Shouldn't Be Included In Key Light Layers?

Fill Or Bounce Lighting.

What Kind Of Surfaces Afford Support?

Flat Ones.

How Can You Best Visualize The Layout Of Shadows Cast By A Certain Light Outside Of Rendering A Shot?

From The Light's Perspective View.

How Do You Create The Feeling Of Hard Light?

Get Crisply Defined Shadows.

How Do You Create The Feeling Of Soft Light?

Get Softer Shadows.

What're The Two Ways To Simulate Bounced Light?

Global Illumination And Bounce Lights.

What Setting Should You See To Disable While Test Rendering Sky Lights?

Global Illumination.

What Can You Do To Possibly Correct Lens Distortion In A Quick And Easy Way When You Don't Have A Lens Grid?

Go Into The "Lens" Menu And Set "Lens Distortion" To "Unknown Lens" To Ask The Camera To Guess The Lens Distortion For You When Solving The Camera.

How Do You Export Your Media?

Go To The "File" Menu And Select "Export"(Setup Your Settings And Then Hit Export).

Where Do You Create A Backdrop?

Go To The "Other" Menu In The Toolbox.

Once You've Set Up Your Trackers, How Can You Fine-Tune Which One's Will Be Kept For Use?

Go To The "Refine" Menu To Set The Threshold Parameters For The Trackers.

When Starting With A Base Texture, What 3 Things Should You Always Keep Account Of.

Good Scale, Medium Color And Repetition.

What's An Interesting Technique To Bring The Illusion Of Function To A Lifeless Hard Surface Model?

Greebling Is A Good Way To Bring Life To A Boring Looking Hard Surface Model.

What's The Meaning Of Different Colors On Solved Trackers?

Green Means That It Was Successfully Tracked, Orange Means That It Wasn't Able To Solve It And Red Means There Are Errors On That Solve.

What Are Some Ways To Save Time On Render Testing Lighting?

Hide Everything Outside The Render, Make Placeholders For High Poly Models, Soloing Lights, Cropping Renders, Lowering Render Quality And Using Only Basic Functions.

How Do You Most Easily Extrude Edges?

Holding Shift While Selecting Edges, Then Transforming Will Extrude Edges.

How Do You Compare 2 Different Shots?

Hover Over The Shot You Want To Compare To The Current Shot And Press 2(You Can Also Change The Comparison Type From A Menu On The Top Shelf).

What Does The Drop Off Of A Light Determine?

How It Fades Away With Distance.

What Does "Trace Depth" In Raytraced Shadows Determine?

How Many Light Bounces Will Be Calculated For Each Ray.

What Hotkey Are Used To Clip The In And Out Position Of A Piece Of Media Before Applying It To The Sequencer?

I And O.

When You're Coming Up With An Issue And Don't Know How To Solve It Or What It Means, What's The Standard Procedure For Dealing With Said Problem?

If It Outputs In The Log, You Should Copy/Paste It Into Google To Try And Get A Resolve Thread.

When Should You Always Decide To Use Quadratic Decay In A Render?

If Said Light Source Is Visible In The Shot(Also I An Accurate Way To Simulate Light Bounces When Using Global Illumination, So Use It On Your Main Lights!).

How Do You Convert A Selection In "Edit Poly"?

If You Have A Selection Using Edit Poly, You Can Use The Selection Panel To Convert Your Selection To Other Elements.

How Can Inspecting A Shadow From A Light's View Help With Cheating?

If You Make The Shadow Look Like It Makes Sense From The Light's Perspective, Your Shadow Will Have More Believability.(Changing Angles Can Help With This)

How Do You Access Different Scale Modes?

If You Right Click The Scale Button On The Top Shelf, There Are Different Kinds Of Scaling. One Is A Stretch And Squash Scale That Works Great.

How Can You Tell That Your Spread Angle Is Too High Inside A Room?

If You See Artifacts In Your Pass That Make The Sqaure Or Triangular Polygons Visible In A Curved Surface(This Shows That The Spread Is So High That It's Making These Parts Self-Occlude).

How Do You Get A Reference Image To Not Be Affected By The Lighting Of The Scene?

If You Want A Reference Image To Not Be Affected By The Lighting Of A Scene, Select The Material In The Material Editor And Set "Self-Illumination" To 100, Don't Toggle The "Color" Setting.

How Do You Quickly Make Shortest Path Selections?

If You Want To Select The Shortest Path Between 2 Polygons Activate "Step Mode", Select A Polygon And Then Ctrl Select The One You Wish To Create A Shortest Path Selection To. You Can Then Create Another Shortest Path Selection And Add It To The Polygons You've Already Selected.

How Do You Model Something From Angled Reference?

If You're Modelling An Object Which Has A Reference Image That Is Angled, Bring Up The "Viewport Background" Pop Up Menu, Turn On "Display Background" And Set The Background Image To The Angled Reference Image. Then Bring Up The "Render Setup" Pop-Up Menu. In The Menu, Change The Output Size To The Dimensions Of The Image And Lastly, In The Viewport, Type In The Shift+F Hotkey(This Is Known As The Show Safe Frames Option).

What Are The Two Halves Of Lighting Design?

Illumination And Shadows/Occlusion.(These Can Add A Lot To Your Composition And Better Define Tones And Form)

When Lighting A Night Scene, When Would The Moon Be The Brightest Source Of Light?

In Places Away From The City Or In The Middle Of Nowhere.

How Do You Activate A Spline's Polygon Visibility?

In The "Rendering" Panel Of "Editable Spline", If You Check "Render In Viewport" You Can Then Set The Thickness Of The Spline And The Amount Of Sides, Essentially Creating A Cylindrical Shape From The Spline.

How Do You Work Max's Smoothing Groups System?

In The "Smoothing Groups" Panel, You Can Select Faces And Give Them Different Smoothing Groups By Giving Them A Number In The Selection Panel. So If You Have A Surface Which Has A Divide In Angle, Select One Set Of Faces And Assign Them A Number And Select The Other Group Of Faces And Assign Them A Different Number. This Coupled With The "Surface Parameters" Menu Option "Smoothing Groups" Will Result In Max Recognizing That There Should Be A Sharpness Between Different Smoothing Groups When Applying Something Such As "Turbo Smooth". This Will Result In Max, When Told To Apply A TurboSmooth, To Output A Mesh Which Has Topology/Geometry Which Follows The Idea That The Space Between Smoothing Groups Is Sharp. THIS IS A VERY IMPORTANT ASPECT OF MAX TO UNDERSTAND!! THIS IS ONE FEATURE MAX HAS WHICH MOST APPLICATIONS DON'T! This Is A Very Powerful Tool.

Where Can You Change The Dot Gap Value?

In The Graphite Modeling Tools Menu.

What Button Comes In Useful When Applying Materials To Multiple Objects?

In The Material Editor, There Is A Button Named "Assign Material To Selection" This Comes In Useful When Assigning Materials To Multiple Components Or Objects.

When Using An Occlusion Sandwich, How Can You Get A Certain Light To Be Darkened By The Occlusion Pass?

Include The Light In The Fill Light Pass.

How Should You Go About Naming Your Lights?

Include The Type Of Light, Its Motivation And What It's Lighting.

How Do You View Normal Mapping In The Viewport?

Instead Of Using "Show Standard Map In Viewport" Hold Click On The Same Option And Click On "Show Hardware Map In Viewport" On The Appearing Drop-Down Menu.

What Does GI Allow Brightly Lit Surfaces To Do?

It Allows Them To Brighten Other Objects, Not Just As A Reflection But As A Light Source.

What Does The "Barn Doors" Option Allow You To Do?

It Allows You To Crop The Lighting Either Horizontally Or Vertically.

What Does The "Line Analysis" Menu All You To Do?

It Allows You To Draw In The Straight Lines On Your Distorted Frames In Order To Analyze And Correct The Curved Lines.

What Does The "Ripple Edit" Tool Do?

It Allows You To Increase Or Decrease The Length Of A Clip In A Way That Will Cause A Ripple Effect In The Rest Of The Media(It's Like Scaling).

What Does The "Retime Clip" Tool Allow You To Do?

It Allows You To Speed Up Or Slow Down A Clip Based On A Percentage Value(To Manually Adjust That Percentage, Right Click On The Clip, Go To Editorial And Then Select "Retime").

What Does The "Shuffle" Node Do?

It Allows You To Take The Contents Of One Channel From The Input And Place Them In Another Channel For The Output.

What Does The "Cap Holes" Modifier Do?

It Applies A Standard "Cap" Operation To Each Hole Found On The Applied Model.

What Problem can Too Low A Bias Cause?

It Can Cause A Darkening Of The Illuminated Side Of An Object When Shadows Are On.

What Problems Can Having Too High A Bias Cause?

It Can Cause A Noticeable Gap Between Shadows And The Objects Casting Them And Light Leaks. SO TEST RENDER!

What Can The Angle Of A Light Determine?

It Can Determine Whether It's A Key Light, Rim Light Or A Kicker.

Why Can A "Trace Depth" Limit Make Your Lighting Look Worse?

It Can Make Your Shadows Look Less Believable(Such As A Shadow Not Reflecting Properly).

What Can Attenuation Do?

It Can Set When Light Starts To Decay And When It Will Completely Disappear. Isn't Realistic But Is Convenient As A "Cheat".

What Does The "Grade" Soft Effect Do?

It Changes And Conforms The Color Information Of A Clip(Really Cool Quick Edit).

What Does The "Slip Clip" Tool Do?

It Changes The In And Out Position Of A Clip.

What Does The "Timewarp" Effect Do?

It Changes The Playback Speed Of A Piece Of Media Based On Keyframes And Frame Placement Values(Up And Down).

What Determines The Existence Of An Affordance?

It Depends Upon The Properties Of Both The Object And The Agent.

What Happens To The Analog Slider Of A Property When You Manipulate The Fine- Tune Options Of Said Property?

It Disappears And Displays A Separate Control Scheme Such As An Individual Slider For Each RGBA Channel.

How Do You Determine How Many Bounce Lights You Need For The Main Lights Of An Outdoor Scene?

It Equals The Number Of Colors Hitting The Ground.

GI Produces And Effect Called "Color Bleeding", What's Color Bleeding?

It Essentially Means That The Bounce Light That GI Produces Is Also Colored So That When It Lights A Surface, It "Bleeds" Some Of The Color From The Surface That The Light Was Bounced From Onto The GI Lit Surface.

What Does The "Create Scene" Option Do?

It Gives You A Camera And A Point Cloud In Nuke's 3D Space To Work With Once You've Solved Everything(This Makes A Network In The Node Graph).

What Does "Solve Camera" Do?

It Goes Through Your Sequence And Makes Keyframes For Each Tracker And The Orientation, Relative Position And Focal Length Of Your Camera.

What Does The Term "Cheating" Imply?

It Implies That A Light Has A Certain Quality Which Ignores The Requirement For Motivation(This Should Be Done Skillfully).

What Does The "Pack UVs" Operation Under The "Tools" Drop-Down Menu Of The "UV Mapping" Tab Do?

It Let's You Pack All Currently Selected UVs Into The Original UV Sqaure.

What Does The Integer Value For The "Map Channel" Slider Under The "Preferences" Panel Of The "Unwrap UVW" Modifier Allows You To Do?

It Lets You Flip Through Different UV Sets.

What Does The Bend Modifier Do When You Have A Selection Of Components While Applying It?

It Limits The Effect Of The Deformer To The Selection.

What Does The Bend Modifier Do When You Have A Selection With Soft Selection Enabled?

It Limits The Effect To The Influence Of The Soft Selection.

What Does Darkening The Colors And Decreasing The Brightness On Specular Highlights Of An Object Do To Its Appearance In The Render?

It Makes It Appear Further In The Background.

What Does Scaling An Area Light Do To It's Lighting?

It Makes It Brighter And Softer Including The Shadows.

What Does The "Cloth" Modifier Do?

It Makes The Selected Mesh A Dynamic Cloth Mesh.

What Does "Making Things Read" Mean?

It Means Producing Images That The Audience Can Interpret As 3D Spaces(And Arrangements Of Solid Objects).

What Does The "Slide Clip" Tool Do?

It Moves A Clip And Changes The Position Of The Surrounding Clips To Accommodate For The Move.

What Does The "Relax" Operation Under The "Tools" Drop-Down Menu Of The "UV Mapping" Tab Do?

It Relaxes The UV Coordinates Of The Selected UV Island Back Into A Layout Similar To The Way The Model Lays Out The Same Coordinates In 3D Faces.

What Does "Reset UVWs" Do?

It Resets Any Changes Made To The Unwrap Modifier.

What Does "Maximum Distance" On Occlusion Passes Do?

It Sets How Far Apart Two Surfaces Can Be While Still Occluding Each Other.

What Does The "Sampling" Option Do In The Occlusion Shader?

It Sets How Many Rays Are Shot From Each Point Used To Create The Ambient Occlusion

What Does "Sampling Angle" In The Occlusion Shader Do?

It Sets How Wide An Angle The Rays Will Be Spread From Each Point When Sampling.

What Does A "Cage" Do And How Do You Properly Set It Up?

It Sets The Boundaries For Normal Mapping Rays And To Make It Proper, Set Its Vertices To The Proper Distances From The Mesh Faces Each Point Correlates To.

What Does The "Reference Frame" Option Do?

It Sets The First Frame That'll Be Used For The Solve(This Can Help Clear Up Issues With Fast Moving Or Complex Shots).

What Does The Penumbra Of A Light Do?

It Sets The Softness Of Its Edges.

What Does The "Light Angle" Option In Directional Lights Do?

It Sets The Softness Of The Light In Degrees.

How Should The Shadowing On A Key Light Layer Be Like?

It Should Contain Shadows As Usual.

How Should The Motivation Of A Light Effect It's Use?

It Should Effect Every Decision Made In It's Usage.

What's The Most Important Part About The Design Of Something Which Seeks To Simplify Something Else Or Some Other Process?

It Should Include Less Actions Than What It's Trying To Simplifying.

Why Is A Sense Of Contact Both A Blessing And A Curse?

It Shows Real Contact Through Shadows, But Reveals Any Imperfections.(So If An Object Isn't Physically Touching What It's Supposed To Be Touching, You'll Be Able To Tell. This Is Good For Revisions Though)

What Does "Show Cage" In The "Subdivision Surface" Panel Of The "Editable Poly" Modifier Do?

It Shows The Base Mesh As A Caged Outline For Reference Purposes. It Will Also Allow You To Model Like You'd Do In Maya's Smooth Preview While Smoothing.

What Does It Mean To Have Colored Dots On Top Of V Indicators As Indicators?

It Signifies Which Views Have Been Spilt Off From.

What Does "Render Iters" In "Turbosmooth" Do?

It Smooth A Mesh A Number Of Iters Equal To The Integer Value In The Input Field During Rendering.

What Does The "Break" Operation Under The "Tools" Drop-Down Menu Of The "UV Mapping" Tab Do?

It Splits The Active UV Island Into Two Pieces Based On The Current Selection.

What's The Flow Of A Shuffle Node Like?

It Starts At The Top And Ends On The Right, With The Path Being Represented By Arrows. In Is Up And Out Is Right.

What Does The "Pelt" Operation Under The "Map Parameters" Panel Of The "Unwrap UVW" Modifier Do?

It Takes A Selected UV Island And Unfolds It Like An Animal Pelt.

What Does The "Dot Ring" Tool In The Graphite Modeling Tools Menu Do?

It Takes A Selection And Ring It, Skipping A Number Of Faces Equal To The Set Dot Gap Value.

What Does The Premultiply Node Actually Do?

It Takes The Black In The Alpha Channel And Multiplies It With The Overlapping Colors In The RGB Channel To Mask Out The Desired Pixels.

What Does GI Do In General?

It Takes The Color And Light Information Of Surfaces And Automatically Decides How To Naturally Bounce It Onto Nearby Surfaces.

What Does The "Best Align" Operation Under The "Map Parameters" Panel Of The "UV Unwrap" Modifier Do?

It Tries To Line-Up The Gizmo Of The Unwrap To The Model Faces Which Make Up The Unwrapped UV Island.

What Does The "Unwrap Mapping" Option Under The "Mapping" Drop-Down Menu Of The UVMap Tab Do?

It Unwraps Your Model By Creating Unwrapped UV Islands Of The Model.

What Does The "Flatten Mapping" Option Under The "Mapping" Drop-Down Menu Of The UVMap Tab Do?

It Unwraps Your Model By Looking At It From A Lot Of Different Angles And Attempting To Output A Flattened Version Of It.

What Does The "Ground Dirt" Mask Do?

It Uses World Space Normal To Apply A White Value To The Lower Part Of An Object.

Why May The "Unknown Lens" Option Be A Problem?

It Usually Doesn't Always Work Good Enough, So Save It For Less Distorted Clips.

What Does "Straight" In The "Loop Tools" Pop-Out Menu Of The "Loops" Drop Down Menu Of The "Modeling" Shelf Do?

It Will Take A Selection Of Edges And Turn It Into A Straight Line From Point A(One End Of The Selection Of Edges To Point B(The Other End Of The Selection Of Edges).

How Can You Apply The Knowledge Of Your Off-Screen Space To Make Your Lighting Better?

It can Help You Understand The Motivation Of Your Light(To Get A Better Result).

What's "Light Linking" Used For?

It's A Form Of Cheating Which Allows You To Get A Light To Only Affect A Designated Set Of Objects(This's Used To Change The Comp Of A Shot To Be More Closely Matching What Needs To Be Emphasized Or In Focus, Or Can Be Used To Show Details).

What Is Black Liquor?

It's A Residue Of Burned Wood. This Is A Biproduct In The Process Of Making The Kindling Into Paste.

What Does "Light Radius" Do?

It's A Way Of Getting Softer Lights Through Using The Physics Of Larger Lights

When Baking Normal Maps What Modifications Can You Make To Your Floating Geometry To Get Better Results?

It's Best To Bake In Geometry Which Has A Lot Of Visible Surface Area Relative To The Perspective Of The Ray Being Shot To Create Said Normal Map

What Should You Keep In Mind About A Sun Lights Shadows?

It's Best To Leave Them As Black And Have Ambient Skylight Grouping Change Them Later.

What's The Best Position To Model An Object In?

It's Better To Model An Object In Planar Alignment. To Help With This Idea, Whenever You Need To Model Something Which Is Tilted Or Transformed To Be Non-Planar, Make An Instance Of The Primitive You're Going To Be Using And Place It However You Need To, But Model On The Instance Which Is Planar. This Is Good For Things Such As Armor, You Don't Want To Eyeball That Or Model It While Non-Planar.

What Does The "Mutli Tool" Do And How Does It Work?

It's Every Tool Combined In One And It Changes Its Function Based On The Position Of The Cursor On A Piece Of Media.

How Do You Know A Comp Isn't Synced?

It's Icon In The Sequencer Is Yellowish.

What Does It Say About A Basic Design When External Signifiers Such As Signs Have To Be Used To Determine Your Affordances?

It's Not A Good Design.

Why Shouldn't All The Lights In Your Scene Be Darkened By Occlusion Pass?

It's Not Realistic.

What's The "Throw Pattern" Of A Light?

It's The Shape In Which The Light Is Projected.

What's Off-Screen Space?

It's The Space Which Isn't Visible In Your Shot.

What're Light Leaks?

It's When Light Slips Through Geometry It Shouldn't Or Gets Around Geometry It Shouldn't.

What's "Color Overlap" Relative To Lights?

It's When Two Or More Colors From Light Sources Cancel Each Other Out(An Example Is When Blue Sky Light Mixes With Yellowish Sun Light And Cancels Each Other Out).

What Does "Splitting Out A Light" Entail?

It's When You Duplicate A Light And Make One Have Diffuse Illumination And The Other Specular Illumination(A Nice Little Cheat).

What Does "Modeling With Light" Entail?

It's When You Use Lighting To Change The Viewers Perception Of An Object's 3D Form(Usually To Better Define It, Like With Light Linking).

What's The "Layout" Of A Shot?

It's Where The Camera Will Be Positioned, How The Shot Is Composed, Where Everything Will Appear And Where The Lights Will Be Placed.

What's The "Feedback Loop"

It's Where You Make Changes To Your Lighting, Wait To See Each Change And Considering Those Changes When Making More Changes.

What Does Each Hotkey Do?

J Plays The Media Backwards, K Pauses The Media And L Plays It Forwards.

What Are The Playback Hotkeys?

J, K And L

When Lighting Bigger Sets With Lots Of Lights Close To Each Other, What's A Cheat You Can Use, Motivated By The Many Lights, To Quickly Get Good Lighting?

Just Add A Larger, Softer Light To The Area With Lights. Such As A Chandelier.

What Hotkey Allows You Enter A Mode To Make More Precise Manipulations To The Display On The Viewer.

K + LMB(Draging And Rolling In Different Places Will Result In More Precise Playback).

How Do You Break Away From Obvious Patterns?

Layer Procedurals On Top Of Base Layers.

What Kind Of Lining Is Usually Used For Safety On Kayak? Give An Example!

Leather, The Baggage Compartment Has Leather Lining At The Inner Opening Edges.

What're The Advantages That Raytraced Shadows Have Over Depth Mapped Shadows?

Less Problems, Infinitely High Resolution Capability, Realistic Soft Shadowing With Distance, Being Able To Work With And Integrate Elements Of Translucent Surfaces(Such As Picking Up Color When Traveling Through Colored Transparent Surfaces) And They Work Equally Well In Scenes Despite What Type Of Light You're Using( Unlike Depth Mapping With It's Inclination Towards Spot Lights).

What's Ambient Light?

Light That Comes From All Around You(Usually In Different Colors, Tones And Intensities. Very Rarely Uniform Or Flat).

What's Indirect Or Bounce Lighting?

Light That Reflects Off The Ground And Other Surfaces Back Up Into The Scene. Hence The Name, Indirect Light.

What's Considered "Believable" Lighting?

Lighting Which Is Consistent And Balanced With Motivation.

What The Happy Medium Between No Decay And Quadratic Decay And When Can It Be Useful?

Linear Decay. It Can Be Of Use When You Notice That A Light Either Has Too Much Or Too Little Decay.

What's The Name For The Technique Of Rendering Without Global Illumination?

Local Illumination.

What Must Happen Before Paper Can Be Made?

Logs Must Be Debarked And Turned Into Kindling, Small Pieces Of Wood Which Easily Catch Fire. Kindling Must Be Left Outdoor All Winter And Summer Before Being Used.

How Do You View The Resolution Of The Image In The Viewport

Look At The Bottom Or Top Right Corner Of The Media.

How Can You Visualize The Errors In A Camera Solve?

Look Through The Different Graphs In The "Refine" Tab.

What Is Hemispheric Sampling In The Ambient Occlusion Process?

Looking Around The Scene From The Point Of View Of Each Point On A Surface.

What Unit Of Measurement Do Physically Based Lights Use?

Lumens.

What Hotkey Can You Use To Place A Piece Of Selected Media Onto The Current Frame Of A Timeline By Overwriting It?

M

What's Step One To Making An Occlusion Sandwich?

Make A Fill Light Pass Which Has No Distinct Shadows Of Its Own.

What's A Good Time Saver When Modeling Multiple Objects Which Have Similar Composition And Form?

Make A Master Copy On Planar Alignment And Then Make A Controller Copy From Which You Will Make An Instance That Will Then Be Used As The Production Piece. With The Controller Being In Planar Alignment And Instanced To The Production Piece You Can Have One Piece Aligned To Wherever It Needs To Be While Using The Controller To Effectively Shape The Final Model From A More Advantageous Position To Model From. This System Will Help You Keep Theme While Also Saving Time.

How Should You Go About Working With A Mesh Which Has Reused Decals?

Make A Plate Of All Of Them And Use It As A Stamp To Achieve All The Required Variations Needed.

When Using Colored Lights, What's A Good Way To Increase The Appeal Of Your Composition?

Make An Objects Shadow Complementary To Its Own Color.

How Do You Properly Set Maximum Distance On Your Occlusion Shader When Rendering A Room?

Make It Half The Height Of The Room.

What Aspect Should You Focus On Before Making Something Look Realistic?

Make It Look Good.

How Do You Determine What Color Your Bounce Lights Should Be?

Make It Similar To Whatever Surface Motivates The Indirect Light. Green For Grass And Beige For Wall Or Carpet.

What Should You Look Out For Related To The Spread Of A Light?

Make Sure It's Blocked In Areas Which Should Block Light.

What Should You Look Out For When Simulating Bounce Lighting Coming From Underground?

Make Sure That The Ground Doesn't Shadow The Light By Applying Light Or Shadow Linking.

What Must You Keep In Mind About Space When Baking Normal Maps?

Make Sure There Isn't Any Unreasonable Empty Space Or Mesh Holes In The Cage's Area.

When Trying To Insert 3D Elements Into A Scene, What Must You Check For If You Have A Left And Right Eye?

Make Sure There's No Jitter Between The Eyes.

What Should You Make Sure About The Geometry Of Objects Before You Boolean Them?

Make Sure They Have No Holes. The Boolean Operation Needs A Clean Volume To Operate.

When Working With Depth Mapped Spotlights, What's The Best Way To Save Memory Space?

Make Sure To Have The Light Be As Tight As Possible So The Resolution Of The Depth Map Isn't Too Spread Out Or isn't Covering Too Much Empty Space(This Means You'll Have To Use Less Resolution To Get The Same Render Quality On Shadows).

How Can You Prevent Underground Light Leaks While Using Light Domes?

Make The Bottom Half Black Or Make It Not Cast Light.

What's A Good Procedure To Follow When Creating Multiple Similar Lights?

Make The First One And Fiddle With It Until You Get Exactly What You Want(Then You Can Copy/Paste It And Make Small Individual Tweaks To The Copies To Get Variation).

How Can You Enhance Your Shadows Using A Spill Light?

Make The Spill Light's Color More Saturated To Appear More Warm.

How Do You Solve The Problem Of Depth Maps Not Accurately Depicting How Light Would Look Like Passing Through Transparent Or Translucent Objects?

Make Those Objects Not Cast Shadows Or Use Light-Linking To Un-Link Said Objects From The Light(So Shadows Can't Be Cast In The First Place).

What Can You Do To Save Space While Creating Mattes?

Mask In Only One Color Channel, Such As The Red Channel.

What Must You Do To Get Lighting On A Texture Applied In Nuke?

Merge The Nuke Texture With The Models Non-Lit Texture.

What's The Hotkey For Pan?

Middle Click

What's The Quickest Way To Get A New Design From Within Substance Painter?

Mix Pre-Made Alphas.

How Can You Add Shadows Without Adding Light?

Most Applications Have A "Shadow-Only" Light That Doesn't Lighten Anything But Adds A Shadow To Whatever Object Its Rays Intersect(This's A Cool Trick To Add Good Shadows To Your Comp By Cheating).

What Should You Keep In Mind About The Illumination Of Bounce Lights?

Most Of The Time They Don't Emit Specular Illumination Since There's No Motivation For It.

What's The Protocol With Bounce Lights And Shadows?

Most Of The Time, They Don't Need Any Shadows, But If They Do Have Shadows, They Should Be Very Soft And Indistinct. Always Check Inside Characters To Make Sure You Don't Have Unshadowed Bounce Light Visibly Shining Through Them.

What Material Are Helicopters Made From?

Most Of Them Are Made From Carbon Fiber, A Composite Material Lighter And Stronger Than Steel.

What're The Main Types Of Lights Used When Working With Depth Mapped Shadows?

Most Projects That Use Depth Map Shadows Use Spotlights As Main Lights(This Is Because You Can Directly Aim The Light Making Calculating The Depth Maps More Efficient Since Only The Direction The Light Needs To Be Shining In Will Be Calculated).

What Are The 2 Operations Required To Do Multi-Pass Rendering?

Multiply And Plus Operation.

What's The Only Node You Should Use To Blend In The Occlusion Layer Of An Occlusion Sandwich, And Why?

Multiply, Anything Else Will Give You A Desaturated Or Faded Look.

What Hotkey Can You Use To Place A Piece Of Selected Media Onto The Current Frame Of A Timeline By Moving It?

N

What's The Proper Naming Convention For A Render Sequence?

Name_v01.####.tif

What're Negative Lights?

Negative Lights Are Lights Which Have Their Intensity Set To A Negative Number(These Kinds Of Lights Can Be Useful Tools For Darkening Parts Of Your Scene).

What Errors Can Be Detected When Soloing A Bounce Light?

Non-Evenly Spread Lighting On The Surfaces Of Your Scene And Harsh Shadows And Highlights.

What Should You Remember When Comparing Shots Using The "Wipe" Function?

Nuke Allows You To Play Videos While Comparing Separate Shots On Top Of Each.

What's Special About Nuke's Undo/Redo System?

Nuke Allows You To Undo/Redo Actions Specific To A Certain Panes History Through The Panel Undo/Redo Buttons On The Top Right Corner Of Any Given Properties Pane.

What Should You Keep In Mind About Nuke's Keyframe System?

Nuke Autokeys Properties Which Have Already Been Keyed Previously.

What're Shadow Objects?

Objects Which Are Invisible, But Still Cast Shadows.

How Should You Go About The Basic Placement Of The Colors That Make Up The Base Of A Stylized Material?

Occlusion And Edge Wear(Apply The Darker Shades To Occluded Areas, Apply The Lighter Shades To The Edge Wear Areas And Apply The Medium Color Everywhere Else).

What's The Alternative To Rendering Using GI If You Want To Save Time?

Occlusion Sandwiching.

What's The Difference Between Direct Light And Indirect Light?

One Is Bounced From A Another Object And One Is Directly Cast From A Light Source.

What Does It Mean To Have An E In A Light Green Circle As An Indicator?

One Or More Of The Node's Properties Are Being Driven By An Expression.

What Does It Mean To Have An A In A Red Circle As An Indicator?

One Or More Of The Nodes Properties Are Animated Over Time.

At What Point Is It Appropriate To Apply The Concept Of Support Edges?

Only Bother With Supporting Edges After You've Established Your Form(This Includes If You Need To Establish Curvature!). This Makes The Blocking In Of Shapes A Lot Quicker!

What Problem Can Be Caused By Too Low A Maximum Distance?

Only Crevices Are Darkened, Which Looks Off.

What's One Aspect About GI Light Bounces Which Raytracing Doesn't Hold?

Only GI Allows You To Indirectly Brighten Matte-Finished Surfaces(Surfaces Which Aren't Shiny Or Reflective). Only GI Will Bounce Diffuse Surface To Diffuse Surface.

It's Okay To Make Objects Like Glass Not Produce Shadows, What Types Of Objects Shouldn't You Do This To?

Opaque Objects, If You Need To De-Link A Shadow, Just Do It Individually Instead.

What's The Industry Standard File Format To Use For Compositing Different Passes/Channels/Layers?

OpenEXR(.exr)

What Should The Colors Of The Sunlight Be?

Orange Or Red During Sunlight And Yellow Whenever Else.

What's The Default Blend Option For Merge?

Over

What Are The Settings Involved With The Concept Of Softness In A Light?

Penumbra, Drop-Off And Soft Shadows.

How Do You Add A KeyFrame To The Curve Editor?

Place Your Timeline Pointer On The Frame Where The Key Will Be Placed And Then Press Ctrl + LMB

What Material Is The Kayak Made From And How Is It Created?

Plastic, It's Made From Heated Linear Polyethylene.

What Do Great Designers Produce Besides Functional Designs?

Pleasurable Experiences.

When Natural Lighting Completely Disappears In Indoor Or City Settings During Night, What Kinds Of Lights Are Going To Be Lighting Your Scene?

Practical Lights Such As Lightbulbs And Street Lights.

What Kind Of Image Can't You Color Correct?

Premultiplied Images.

What're The Steps For Baking A Normal Map?

Press 0 To Open The "Render To Texture" Menu, Enable Projection Mapping, Select "Options", Select "Setup" Next To "Global Subsampler", Enable A Global Supersampler, Select "Hammersley" From The Drop-Down Menu, Set The Quality To 1.0, Add A "NormalsMap" To The Output Table In The Render To Texture Menu, Create The File Directory You Wish To Use, Select The File Type(Tif, PNG And DDS Are The Best Options), Set The Size Of The Bitmap, Select "Render To Files Only" To Only Create A Map, Not Apply It And Then Hit "Render" At The Bottom Of The Panel To Create The Final Texture Map.

How Do You Search Nodes In The Node Editor?

Press Tab And Type In The Name Of The Node.

How Do You Most Quickly Exit Sub-Object Mode?

Press The Number Correlated To The Currently Selected Sub-Object To Enter Back Into Object Mode

Why Should You Press Q Before Selecting An Object?

Pressing Q Brings You Back To Smart Select Mode From Transform Mode. This Means That When You Select Something, There's No Chance Of You Accidentally Offsetting It On A Certain Transform.

What Is "Pro-Boolean" Good For?

Pro-Boolean Is Very Good For Getting In Intricate Details Such As Dips And Splits.

What Are The Hotkeys Associated With The Descending Order Of Tools On The Sequencers Toolbelt?

Q, W, E, R, T

What Kind Of Shadowing Should Sun Light Always Use?

Ray Tracing, The Shear Amount Of Shadows It'll Cast Makes It Worth It.

What Should You Do After You've Gotten Rid Of All The Bad Trackers In Your Scene After The Recalculation?

Re-Solve The Camera From Scratch To Get A Better Result.

What Are Good Specular Highlights Supposed To Look Like?

Reflections Of The Light Source.

Which Method Does Arrimus Recommend Using For The "Relax" Operation?

Relax By Face Angles

How Can You Create Textures To Use As Cookies By Rendering?

Render An Image Of The Desired Cookie And Use The Alpha Channel As A Cookie For A Light.

What's The Best Way To Go About Creating And Using AOV Passes?

Render And Import A Separate EXR For Each AOV And Then Assemble It Together In Nuke(This Allows You To Tweak Each Individual AOV To Exactly What You Want It To Be Like).

How Do You Fix A Blurred Shadow From Using Motion Blur While Focusing On A Moving Object?

Render The Shadows At More Steps Per Frame Or Render The Shadow In A Sperate Layer Which Doesn't Use Motion Blur And Composite It Back Together Later.

How Can You See The Overall Color Balance Of Your Scene?

Render Your Scene With All The Lights On.

What Should You Do Whenever You Rotate Or Scale An Object?

Reset XForm.

What Are The Two Ways To Create A Low-Poly Mesh?

Retopo The High-Poly Mesh Or Clone The High-Poly And Remove Detail Manually.

How Can You Import Media?

Right Click In The Project Tab(Or Use The Drop Down Menu).

How Do You Reset The Properties Of A Node

Right Click In The Properties Panel Of The Node And Select "Set Knobs To Default".

How Do You Create Geometry On A Tracker's Position?

Right Click It And Select An Option In The "Create" Menu.

How Do You Sync A Comp Which Isn't Synced?

Right Click On It And Press "Render Comp".

How Do You Create A Comp?

Right Click On The Clip To Be Comped And Then Open The "Effects" Menu And Select "Create Comp".

What Should You Do Each Time You Iterate On The Lighting Of A Scene?

Save Each Render And Lighting Setup.

What Should You Think Of When Modeling If You're Going To Be Using PBLs?

Scale(Make Sure You Use Real Life Measurements Since Reality Based Lights Use Reality Based Measurements).

How Do You View The UV Map Of An Object?

Select "Edit" Under The "Preferences" Panel Of The UV Modifier.

How Do You Select A Loop Or Ring Of Polygons From Polygon Mode?

Select A Polygon And Hold Shift While Selecting The Forward And Backward Direction Of The Ring Or Loop Of Polygons.

How Can You Automatically Connect A Node The Flow Of A Certain Input/Output?

Select And Drag The Desired Node Into The Flow You Wish To Attach It To.

How Do You Mass Import Media?

Select Open Whilst In A Master File With No Import Queue And Fill Out The Pop-Up Prompt(You Can Limit Your Import To Certain File Types By Typing"*.FileType" In The Include Patterns Or Exclude Patterns Box).

How Do You Make A Pane Float?

Select The "Float Panel" Option In The Top Right Corner Of The Desired Pane.

How To Do Toggle Between One And Multiple Sliders For A Property's Function?

Select The "Individual Channels" Button Located To The Far Right Of The Property's Row.

How Do You Import Multiple Files In One Go?

Select The "Next" Option Instead Of Open Until You Get To The Last Selection.

How Do You Clone A Clip?

Select The Clip Which You'd Like To Clone Said Effect To And Then Select The Effect You'd Like To Clone And Press Alt + K.

How Do You Save A New Version Of Your Comp?

Select The Comp, Go Into The "File" Drop Down Menu And Select "Save New Comp Version"(You Can Then Access Different Versions Of That Comp By Selecting It And Pressing V To Get A Drop Down Menu With All The Other Saved Versions).

How Do You Access The Layer Menu Panel?

Select The Icon Of The 3 Stacked Planes In The Top Shelf.

How Do You Automatically Set The Transformation Center On A Transform Node When Creating It?

Select The Node You Want It To Be Centered On Beforehand.

How Do You Properly Setup A Ground Plane?

Select Trackers In Your Shot Which Are Part Of The Ground And See In The 3D View Whether Or Not They Actually Line Up On The Ground. If They Do, Right Click In The 2D Scene Viewport And Set The Ground Plane To The Selected Points.

If Your Bounding Box Isn't The Correct Size When Merging, What Do You Do?

Select Which Method To Use When Snapping The Bounding Box In The "Set Bbox To" Option In The Merge Node.

Why May "Crease's" Integer Window Display Nothing While You're Selecting Multiple Edges?

Selecting Two Or More Edges With Different Crease Values Will Output Nothing In The Crease Integer Window.

How Can You Help Stabilize The Camera Throughout A Solved Sequence?

Set Multiple Ground Planes Throughout Your Shot By Skipping Around The Frames And Selecting Good Groups To Become Ground Planes.

When Using The Roto Node, What Setting Should You Make Sure Is Set Properly?

Set The Format To Match The Media You're Rotoing.

How Can You Create A "Shadow Only" Light If Needed?

Set The Light Color Down To Black And Set The Shadow Color To A Negative Value.

What's The Most Important Part Of Setting Up An Angled Ground Plane?

Set The Orientation Of The World By Selecting Two Trackers Which Are Perpendicular To The Ground On A Frame And Set The Z-Axis To Line Up With Them

How So You Fix Noise In Your Camera's Translation Graph?

Set The Smoothness Of The Translation Up(This Will Also Auto Adjust The Camera's Rotation To Be Locked Properly).

What's The First Process Which You Should Go Through When Switching Over To The 3D View After Solving A Sequence?

Set Up A Ground Plane To Line Up The World Properly.

What Option Do Most Lights Have As A Cheat To Set The Color Of Shadows Cast By Said Light?

Shadow Color.

When Splitting Out Lights Or Light Linking What Should You Pay Attention To And Possibly Disable?

Shadow Linking/Casting

What Shouldn't A Negative Light Have Turned On?

Shadows And Specular Light.

What's Important To Understand About The Hue Of A Shadow?

Shadows Are Often Colored Different Than Other Areas Around Them(An Example Is When The Sky Is Blue, Shadows Which Are Created From Occlusion From The Yellow Sun Will Be Tinted Blue Like The Sky. It's Lit By Ambient Light).

What's The Most Important Visual Element Of Compositing Multiple Elements?

Shadows Are Very Important For Blending Elements (Especially When Blending Live-Action And VFX. Shadows Will Make Or Break The Believability Of A Shot).

How Can You Indicate That There Are Off-Screen Objects In Off-Screen Space?

Shadows Can Help Explain This.

GI Casts Secondary Shadows, What're Secondary Shadows?

Shadows Within Shadows Usually Cast By Other Objects Within The Primary Shadows And They're Usually Softer As Well.

What's An Important Concept About Signifiers You Should Keep In Mind If You Don't Want To End Up With Thoughtless Design?

Signifiers Can Also Be Unintentional(Such As A Path Created To Walk Through By Other People Who Came Before And Unintentionally Left A Trail).

What Design Aspect Is More Important? Signifiers Or Affordances?

Signifiers.

What're Signifiers?

Signs Or Perceptible Signals Of Affordances.

When Rendering Occlusion Passes, What Should You Remember About Reflective Objects?

Since You Want The Ambient Occlusion To Be Present In The Reflections, Don't Change The Material. Leave It As Is So It Reflects The Occlusion.

What's A Good Mixture Of Light Types For Good Outdoor Lighting?

Sky Domes And Directional Lights.

What Are Good Resolutions For Depth Mapping Lights?

Small Lights Should Have A Resolution Of 1024 And Larger Lights Should Be Between 2048-4096.

What Should Smoothing Groups Be Used For?

Smoothing Groups Should Only Be Used For Prototyping A Design, Once The Basic Design Is Finalized, Go Back Before You TurboSmoothed The Model And Add In The Supporting Edges To Get A Cleaner Final Topology.

What Kind Of Lighting Should Be Placed Right Outside Windows When Lighting Indoor Scenes?

Soft Area Lights Whose Color Is Similar To That Of The Sky Light.

What Should The "Fill Light" Layer Contain?

Soft Illumination Simulating Ambient Light And Bounce Light In The Environment And The Shadows Should Be Soft And Indistinct.

What Kind Of Light Does A Larger Light Source Produce?

Soft Lighting.

How Can You Use Lighting In A Way To Make Someone Or Something Look More Beautiful?

Soft Lights Can Make Things Look More Beautiful.

How Can You Solve A Light Leak Caused By Lighting?

Solo The Light You Believe Is Causing It, Tighten The Cone Angle If You're Using A Spotlight Or Reduce Bias Or Softness.

What Option Do You Use When Simulating Wetness?

Specularity Will Help Sell The Look Of Wetness.

What Aspect Of Outdoor Sun lighting Should Overlap With Indoor Lighting?

Spill Lighting.

What're The Controls Associated With A Wipe Fade?

Split Fade, Split Positions And Split Rotate.

What Can You Do If A Light Lights A Certain Amount Of Objects Well, But Not Others?

Split Out The Light And Use Light Linking To Get A Good Result Using 2 Separate Versions Of The Same Light With Different Settings.

What Material Are Bike Spokes Made From?

Stainless Steel.

What's The Material Used To Make The Frame Of A Bike?

Steel.

What Kind Of Light Should You Strive To Create Sun Beams From?

Sun Lights(Direction Or Distant Spherical/Disk Area Lights)

What Do You Do If You Have Too Much Extra Space On A Reference Image?

SwiftLoop Out The Extra Area And Delete The Extra Polygons.

How Do You Save Texture Space When UVing A Symmetrical Model?

Take The Base Model, UV It First And Then Symmetrify It Again In Order To Save Texture Space(Keep The Symmetry Seams To Maintain UV Symmetry).

What's The Ultimate Job Of A Compositor?

Taking The Individual AOV Passes Given To Them And Do What The Computer Was Supposed To Do, Create A Beauty Pass.

How Can You Figure Out If You Have Too Low A Bias?

Test Render With And Without The Light To See If When Casting Shadows, The Shadow Is Darkening The Illuminated Side, If So, You're Bias Is Too Low.

What Does It Mean When An Operation Has The "By Polygon" Option?

The "By Polygon" Selection Option In Various Tools Will Basically Apply Each Operation To Individual Polygons, Like Extruding Without Keeping Faces Together.

What Node Can Help Correct Distortion?

The "Lens Distortion" Node

What Does The "Offset" Slider In The "PolyDraw" Menu Of The "FreeForm" Shelf Function As?

The "Offset" Slider In The "PolyDraw" Menu Of The "FreeForm" Shelf Sets The Distance Verts Will Be Created From The Surface Of The Sculpt Mesh.

Which Node Do You Use To Paint On Top Of A Map?

The "Roto Paint" Node.

What Does The "Set Flow" Tool Do?

The "Set Flow" Tool In The "Loops" Menu Of The "Modeling" Shelf Takes A Selection Of Edges, Or An Entire Loop, And Tries To Conform It To The Surrounding Topology, This Can Result In Smoother Results When Using "Turbosmooth" Or Other Smoothing Options. This Will, In General, Clean Up The Silhouette Of Your Model. This Can Be Helpful When You Need To Clean Up The Silhouette Of Your Mesh After Having Deleted Extra Geometry While Establishing Your Curvature.

What Button Will Toggle Visibility In The Viewport For A Selected Material In The Material Editor?

The "Show Standard Map In Viewport" Button In The Material Editor Will Enable You To See The Selected Material On Objects/Components In The Viewport.

What Does The "Split" Toggle Option For Slice Planes Allow You To Do.

The "Split" Toggle Option For Slice Planes Allows You To Split Geometry When Slicing.

How Do You Quickly Create An Edge Loop?

The "Swift Loop" Tool In The "Edit" Menu Of The "Modeling" Shelf Creates Edge Loops And Gives You Previews Of The Path Of The Loop.

What Does The "Use Stack Selection" Option For Edit Poly Do?

The "Use Stack Selection" Option For Edit Poly Will Lock Your Selection To The Stack Selection From The Inherited Stack Info Of Previous Edit Polys. You Can Disable This, But This Is Essentially A Form Of A "Set" From Maya. Except You Can't Unselect It Lol.

What's Brightness Relative To?

The Adjusted Settings Of The Camera.

Multiple Bounce Lights Mean Different Colors And Angles, How Do You Determine The Angle?

The Angle Should Be The Inverse Of The Angle At Which The Color Is Hitting And Reflecting Off The Ground.

What're Practical Lights?

The Artifcial Light Sources Simulated In The Scene. Such As Lightbulbs

What's Your #1 Tool When Lighting An IRL Composite?

The Background Plate.

What Are The Major Components Of A Kayak?

The Baggage Compartment Cover, Baggage Compartment Cover Fasteners, Baggage Compartment Cover Fastener Retaining Strap, Central Support, Seats, Carrying Handles And The Hull.

What Matters Most About The Quality Of Lighting Despite Whatever Style You May Use?

The Believability Of The Lighting.

What's The Best Part To Start Modelling A Gun On?

The Best Place To Start Modeling A Gun Is On The Grip!

What's The Best Place To Start Modelling A Knife?

The Best Place To Start Modeling A Knife Is On The Base Of The Blade

Where Do Bounce Lights Make The Biggest Visual Difference?

The Bottoms Of Objects Since They Brighten Up The Objects Facing The Ground.

What Can Be A Problem That Causes Your Shadows To Look Bad When Using "Shadow Color" To Artificially Change The Color Of Shadows?

The Color Doesn't Affect The Dark Side Of The Object, It Only Changes The Color Of The Shadow(Therefore, It's Less Convincing).

Multiple Bounce Lights Mean Different Colors And Angles, How Do You Determine The Color?

The Colors Should Be Mixes Of The Bounced Color And The Color Hitting It, Like Blueish-Green For Reflected Grass With Blue Skylight.

If There Are Two Similar Objects That Do Different Things Near Each Other, What Must You Do In Order To Keep Good Design?

The Design Should Be Different Enough To Determine What Each Design Does Differently(Such As A Pull Door Next To A Push Door).

Who's At Fault If A Product Causes Harm Or Wastes Time?

The Designer.

How Can You Check The Quality Of Your Fill Light Pass Inside A Room?

The Difference In Illumination Between Two Surfaces Should Be Minimal And Changes In Color And Tone Are Okay As Long As They're Mild. The Contrast Shouldn't Be Too Much.

What Attribute Of A Lights Relativity To On Object Determines How Many Light Rays Hit Said Object From The Light.

The Distance. Double The Distance, Half The Amount Of Rays Hitting Said Surface.

What Node Can Be Used To Fix Issues With The Matte Not Producing Good Edges?

The Edge Detect Node On The Alpha Channel Menu.

How Does Atmosphere Increase?

The Farther In The Background Something Is, The More Atmosphere Surrounds It.

What's Interactive Design?

The Focus Upon Designing How People Interact With Technology. The Goal Is To Enhance People's Understanding Of What Can Be Done, What Is Happening, And What Has Just Occured.

What Are The Major Components Of A Bike?

The Frame, Wheels, Handlebar, Brakes, Gears, Pedals, Fork, Chain And Rear Brake Plate.

What Does It Mean To Have An X In A Grey Square As An Indicator

The Full Effect Of The Node Is Not In Use(This Happens Whenever You Adjust The Mix Slider In The Node's Controls).

What Kind Of Atmosphere Does Snow Produce?

The Further Away The Atmosphere Gets, The Whiter Everything Becomes.

How Is The Hull Assembled?

The Hull Is Made Up Of A Top, Bottom And A Support. The Support Links The Top And The Bottom When Inserted.

What Are "Spatial Relationships".

The Idea Of Finding The Distance Between Objects By Observing The Shadows Cast On And Between Them.

What's An Anti-Affordance?

The Idea Of Preventing A Certain Addordance From Being Available, Or The Prevention Of Interaction(Such As A Blockage Or Wall).

Where's The TMI Slider Located?

The In-Panel Color Picker

Where Are The Tubes Of The Bike Cut Into?

The Insertion Points.

In What Kinds Of Designs Is It Most Important To Have Good Mapping In?

The Layout Of Controls Or Displays(Such As A Steering Wheel).

What Should You Know Before You Add A Light To A Scene?

The Lights Motivation(Also Can Be Considered The Story Of The Light).

What Kind Of Lighting Should The Key Light Layer Include?

The Main Light And Shadows With No Overall Fill And Bounce Light.

When Rendering An Occlusion Pass Of A Room, Why Would You Come Across The Problem Of Objects On The Ceiling Occluding The Floor?

The Maximum Distance Is Too High.

What Does It Mean To Have A C In An Orange Circle As An Indicator?

The Node Has Been Cloned, This Indicator Will Appear On Both Copies Of The Clone.

What Does It Mean To Have An M In A Blue Circle As An Indicator?

The Nodes Effect Is Limited By A Mask From The Node's Primary Input.

What Is "Bias" Relative To Lighting?

The Number That Gets Added To Each Distance Measurement In A Depth Map(Band And Pattern Artifacts Occur Because The Bias Is Too Low, This Is Because The Surface Starts Shadowing Itself Since The Distance Measurement By The Shadow Map Was Underestimated By The Algorithm Set In The Options Sliders. So Essentially, The Light Doesn't Know The Realistic Distance Set In Your Scene And You Have To Manually Set The Scale Of The Light-Dark Gradient.).

What Happens In Real Life When A Camera Gets Closer To An Object Which Doesn't Happen Automatically In CG Rendering?

The Object Gets Darker And Darker Since The Camera Is A Real Physical Object.

Where Are The Tubes Of The Bike Welded Together?

The Occluded Area Of The Insertion Points.

When Cheating Lighting, Such As Getting Sunlight Through A Window By Placing A Light Right Outside Of It, What's Something You Should Keep In Mind About The Placement Of Said Light?

The Placement And Perspective Of A Light Can Distort Shadows In An Undesirable Way(Always Correct This).

What Happens When You Have A Selection In Element Mode And Switch Over To Polygon Mode

The Polygons From The Selected Elements Will All Be Selected Once In Polygon Mode

What's The Definition Of Discoverability Relative To Design?

The Possibility To Figure Out What Actions Are Possible And Where And How To Perform Them.

What's Experience Design?

The Practice Of Designing Products, Processes, Services, Events, And Environments With A Focus Placed On The Quality And Enjoyment Of The Total Experience.

Where Do You Set The Options For When Your Comps Will Auto-Render

The Preferences Panel.

What Is "Baking" Relative To Lighting?

The Process Of Computing The Light And Shadows That Hit A Surface And Storing Them As A Texture Map.

What's Industrial Design?

The Professional Service Of Creating And Developing Concepts And Specifications That Optimize The Function, Value, And Appearance Of Products And Systems For The Mutual Benefit Of Both The User And Manufacturer.

What's The Default Channel Set?

The RGBA Channel.

What Does "Solve Error" Represent?

The Range Of Error By Pixel For Trackers(For Example A Solve Error Of 1.7 Means That The Margin Of Error For The Placement Of A Pixel Of A Tracker Is 0-1.7.).

Whenever You're Keying, Which Footage Do You Want To Key?

The Raw Footage, AKA The Ungraded Footage.

What's Mapping Relative To Design?

The Relationship Between The Elements Of Two Or More Sets Of Things.

How Should A Shadow Look Like On A Character?

The Shadow Should Look Like How You Want The Character To Look(Make Sure The Light Isn't Too Close To The Illuminated Character So It Doesn't Cast A Disproportionate Shadow).

What're The Most Important Shadows In An Outdoor Scene?

The Shadows From The Sun, Perfect Them Before Moving On.

What Should You Do After Applying A "Shell" Modifier?

The Shell Modifier Can Create A Bit Of Distortion, Always Make Sure To Clean It Up After Applying The Modifier.

What Can The Location Of A Light Relative To The Object Casting Shadows Determine?

The Size Of The Shadow(Closer Means Bigger And Further Is Smaller).

What Light Should You Create First When Lighting An Indoor Scene?

The Sky Light

Why May Raytraced Shadow Be Better When Making Soft Shadows?

The Spread Of Softening Shadows When Using Depth Maps Is Still Unrealistic Compared To Raytraced Shadows.

What Happens To The Stack When You Preform A Boolean Operation?

The Stack Will Collapse To The Boolean Operation.

What Should Be The Brightest Light In An Outdoor Scene?

The Sun Or Moon Depending On Time Of Day.

What's Your Key Light In Outdoor Lighting Scenes?

The Sun, Or Direct Light. So Add It First.

What's ""Detection Threshold"?

The Threshold For How Viable A Tracker Must Be To Be Considered In Use.

What're Experiences Relative To Design?

The Way A Design Stimulates Our Senses, Such As The Feeling Of Knobs, Switches And Acceleration In A Car.

What Problem Can Be Caused By Too High A Maximum Distance? Term

The Whole Image Becomes Darker So That No White Tones Appear In The Pass.

What Does It Mean To Have A Color Bar As An Indicator?

The Wide Sections Of Color Are Color Channels Which The Node Processes, The Thin Sections of Color Are Color Channels Which Pass Through The Node Untouched.

What Does The "Cone Angle" Of A Spotlight Determine?

The Width Of The Spotlight's Beam.

What Node Do You Use To Render An Image From Any Certain Part Of The Node Tree/Flow?

The Write Node.

What Can Be Considered The "Final Artwork" Of A Compositor?

Their Beauty Passes.

What Do Channel Names Always Include As A Prefix?

Their Channel Set Name.

What Can You Do To Save Memory Space When Using Depth Mapped Shadows On Huge Scenes?

There Are Some Renderers Which Allow You To Program Which Lights Will Use Which Depth Map (If You Aren't Able To Do This, Switch To Raytraced Shadows).

When Using Displacement Maps, Why May Isolating Your Occlusion Map Make The Rendered Silhouette Of The Scene Look Different?

There Are Some Special Cases Where You Need To Leave In Other Maps To Maintain The Original Shape Of The Objects(This Applies To More Than Just Displacement).

How Do You Edit Angle Snap

There Is A Button To Open The Menu On The Top Shelf

What Range Of Value Should A Fill Light Pass Display?

There Shouldn't Be Any Dark Areas, Everything Should Be Smoothly Lit To Show Color And Texture.

What Does It Mean If There's A Dotted Line Outside The Viewport?

There's A Piece Of Media Outside The Shot In That Shape.

How Do You Set The Maximum Amount Of Panes Which Can Be Opened In The Properties Panel?

There's An Input Field At The Top Left Corner Called "Max Panels".

How Do You Adjust The Parameters Used On Your Occlusion Pass?

There's An Occlusion Shader With Several Different Parameters You Can Control To Get The Right Occlusion.

How Do You Know If Your Model Is Made Up Of All Quads?

There's An Operation In The "Select" Menu Of The "Selection" Shelf Called "Non-Quads" Which Takes Your Whole Selection And Only Keeps Faces Which Aren't Quads.

What's Something Most Programs Allow You To Do With The View Of A Light?

They Allow You To Be Able To View The Scene From The Light's Perspective.(This Can Show You Where Shadows Will Be Cast And Where Shadows Of Certain Objects Will Intersect With Others)

What Aspect About Arnold And Vray Can Become A Problem When Using Textures Imported From Substance?

They Aren't PBR Renders, So Your Textures Make Come Out Different Once Rendered.

What Can Be Useful About Separating UV Shells By The Material Applied To Said Shell?

They Can Be Used To "Fill Polygon" On Masks. This Means Separating UV Shells By Their Material Will Save A Lot Of Time!

How Can Shadows Help A Composition Which Has A Lot Of Very Similar Visual Elements?

They Can Help Add Contrast To Objects Which Are Visually Similar Whether Through Color Or Form.

What Aspect Of Your Scene Layout Can Shadows Reveal?

They Can Help Define The Form, Location And Depth Of Your Shot And Props.

What Do Most 3D Software's Do When Rendering?

They Create Alpha Channels Based On Render Layers And Empty Space.

What Can Be A Problem When Using Depth Maps On Transparent Or Translucent Objects?

They Don't Accurately Simulate How It Would Look If Light Were To Pass Through Objects With These Qualities.

How Can You Tell That An Image Is Unpremultiplied?

They Don't Have Alpha Channels Or Aren't Black In The RGB Where It's Black In The Alpha.

What Do Hard Edged Spotlights Do For Your Comp?

They Draw Attention To Themselves(The Opposite Is True For Soft Edged Spotlights).

What Do Almost All Outdoor Scenes Which Have A Visible Distant Horizon Or Distant Hills Have In Common?

They Have Atmospheric Perspective That Shifts The More Distant Parts Of The Scene To A Bluer, Less Saturated Tone.

What Guidelines Must The Relevant Components Of A Design Follow In Order To Communicate Good Design?

They Must Be Visible And They Must Communicate The Correct Message.

What Should You Account For When Producing Softer Shadows?

They Require More Shadow Samples To Not Look Grainy.

On Top Of Being Functional, What Else Should Designs Focus On Achieving?

They Should Be Fun And Enjoyable.

What Should You Keep In Mind When Prospecting The Use Of Normal Maps.

They Shouldn't Be Limited To The High Poly Geometry Of The Object, For Example You Can Extract A Normal Map From A Rock Texture Picture And Apply It To Any Rock.

Why Would A Point Light Be Inefficient When Using Depth Mapped Shadows?

They Would Calculate A Depth Map Which Takes Into Account Every Direction Instead Of Just Where You Need It To Be.

What's A Backdrop?

They're Containers In The Node Graph For Organization.

What Are "Sky Dome" Lights?

They're Lights That Provide Illumination All Around Your Scene Using HDRI Maps.

What Are "Cookies"

They're Lights Use To Project A Texture Or Pattern Into The Scene.

What Material Are CDs Made From?

They're Made From A Special Plastic Called Polycarbonate.

What's The Problem That Can Arise When Putting Too Much Emphasis On Logical Design Rather And HCD?

They're Not Always Obvious Or Easy Designs.

Why Aren't Trackers In The Sky Very Good?

They're Really Far Away And Hard To Use.

What Are Old Tires Used For?

They're Recycled Into Materials For Creating Products Such As Rubber Mats.

How Are The Mechanisms For The Brakes And Gears Of A Bike Attached To The Handlebar?

They're Slid Directly Onto The Handlebar Into Position.

What Must You Remember About Cognition And Emotion?

They're Tightly Intertwined, Which Means That Designer Must Design With Both In Mind.

What're "Indicators"?

They're Visual Ques On Nodes In The Node Graph That Tell You Certain Elements About What Modifications A Node Has Or Has Made.

What Techniques Can You Use To Solve Light Leaks Caused By Geometry?

Thickening Geometry, Beveling Corners To Not Be Perfect 90-Degree Angles, Adding Polygons To Space To Block Out Light Where It's Not Needed And Filling Geometry With Primitives.

What're Fake Shadows?

Things That Look Like Regular Shadows Or Occlusion, But Really Aren't.

What Should You Think Of When Making The Composition Of Your Shadows?

Think About The Hue, Size, Opacity And Hardness Of Them Each(All These Elements Can Completely Change Your Comp Such As Focus).

Decay/Attenuation/Distance Falloff

This Controls How The Intensity Of A Light Decreases With Distance

What Does "Extrude" In Edit Verts Do?

This Extrude The Selected Vertices. If You Chose The Options Box, You Can Also Make Decent Holes or Spikes.

Why Is It's Generally Better To Move An Object In Sub-Object Mode Rather Than Object Mode If You're Working With Symmetry?

This Is Because You Don't Want To Offset Your Pivot For Purposes Of Good Working Symmetry Modifiers.

When Using Depth Maps, You May Come Across Some Common Artifacts In Lighting, Such As Bands And Patterns. Why Is This And How Can You Fix This?

This Is Most Likely Because You've Set Your Depth Map Bias To Be Too Low(When Lighting HUGE Scenes, It May Be Best To Set This Option Very High).

What Does The Window/Crossing Option Do?

This Toggles The Setting Which Decides Whether Or Not An Object Must Be Fully Within The Bounds Of Selection To Be Selected.

How Do You Solve Artifacts When Using "Crease"?

This Will Be Fine When Rendering If You Up The Render Iterations To 5 Or 6.

What Are The 2 Ways Trace Depth Limits Can Be Set?

Through The Light Itself Or A Global Limiter.

How Do You Change The Pivot Of A Selections Transform?

To Change The Pivot Of A Selections Transform, Change Your Pivot Type In The "Use Coordinate Center" Drop Down Menu At The Top Shelf To "Use Selection Center" And Activate The Kind Of Snap You Need. Pre-Activate Whatever Axis You Choose To Transform In, And Then Use Your Snap To Drag On A Selection Snapped Component To Transform Around Its Pivot In The Axis You Pre-Selected.

How Do You Constraint A Transform To A Certain Axis When Using Snaps?

To Constraint A Transform To A Certain Axis While Using Snaps, Open The Angle Snap Menu And Activate "Enable Axis Constraints". Then Select The Axis You'd Like To Constraint The Movement To And Drag The Selection To The Desired Component. The Selection Will Then Only Move In The Axis You Selected, Essentially Aligning The Selection To The Snapped Component In Only The Selected Axis.

How Do You Create Texture Maps?

To Create A Texture Map For Things Such As Reference Images, Select A Material, Go Into The "Maps" Panel And Select The Option Which Says "No Map" By The Diffuse Row. You Can Then Apply A Diffuse Map.

How Do You Disable A Modifier?

To Disable A Modifier, Click On The Lightbulb Next To Its Name

How Do You Get Rid Of All Smoothing Groups On A Mesh?

To Do This, Enter Polygon Selection Mode And Press CTRL + A To Select All Faces And Then Enter The "Smoothing Groups" Panel With The Polygons Selected And Click On "Clear All".

How Do You Quickly Setup Crease Edges?

To Speed Up The Process Of Creating Creases, Use The "Crease Set" Modifier To Quickly Make A Selection Of Edges And Apply A Crease Amount To Them, You Can Also Make Multiple Different Sets And Add And Subtract From Them.

What Can You Do If You Don't Want Anymore Panes Being Opened In The Properties Panel?

Toggle On The "Lock Properties Bin" Option At The Top Of The Properties Panel.

How Can You Get A Write Node To Read The Files In Its Directory?

Toggle On The "Read File" Option Under Render Order In The Write Node Pane.

What Direction Does The Node Network Work In?

Top/Down And Left/Right.

What Should You Always Do With Merged Premultiplied Images?

Transform, Filter(Blur And So Forth) And Color Match Them To The Backgrounds Color Palette And Lighting.

When Using Layers, What Should You Always Experiment With?

Try All Different Blend Types, Opacities And Levels(To Possibly Get A More Desirable Result).

How Can You Get Softer Shadows Once You Can't Go Any Higher On The Filter Option?

Try Lowering The Resolution To See If That'll Give You A Good Result.

How Do You Properly View Displacement In The Viewport?

Turbosmooth The Plane Or Whatever Mesh To Have Enough Geometry, Place The Map Being Used For Displacement Into The Material's Displacement Map Input, Drag That Map From The Displacement Channel Into The Displace Modifiers Map Input As An Instance, Check "Use Existing Mapping" To Preserve Your Own UVs And Adjust The Strength And Decay Of The Modifier To Your Liking.

What's The Main Difference Between An Average Above-Ground Scene And An Underwater Scene?

Underwater Scenes Are Essentially Scenes With A Lot Of Atmosphere That Tints And Desaturates And Causes Distant Objects To Fade Away.

How Do You Avoid Breaking Edges While Color Correcting?

Unpremultiply All Non-Raw Layers.

How Can You Color Correct An Image Which Is Already Premultiplied?

Unpremultiply The Image.

What Can You Possible Do To Fix Missing Edges On A Shot?

Unpremultiply The Necessary Layers.

How Do You Make A Selectable Pivot?

Use "Pick" Option In The Pivot Alignment Menu To Make A Selectable Pivot From An Objects Pivot

How Can You Establish And Keep Curvature?

Use "Set Flow"!

What Should You Do If You Want To Use A Depth Mapped Sun?

Use A Distant Spotlight With A Narrow Cone Angle To Make The Shadows A Parallel.

How Do You Apply A Normal Map To Material?

Use A Material Bump Map In The Bump Map Channel And Use A Normal Map As Its Normal Bitmap Input.

How Do You Add Manual Color To A Texture To Add Story Details?

Use A Paint Layer(Duplicate The Color And Remove The Mask To Manually Paint On The White Of The Masking Wherever You Need To Add Story Details).

What's The Best Way To Simulate Sky Illumination In An Outdoor Environment?

Use A Single Dome Light.

What's A Quick Way To Get Soft Shadowed Lighting In A Render Without Using Raytraced Shadows?

Use Ambient Occlusion As A Quick Lighting Pass.

What Can You Use To Add Contrast To A Night Scene?

Use Any Surface That Can Be Reflective Like Making A Road Wet.

What Tool Do You Use If Modifiers On An Object Are Acting Weird?

Use Reset XForm

What Should You Remember To Do When Placing Soft Fill Lights Around Windows?

Use Shadow Linking To Remove The Shadow Link From The Soft Illuminating Lights And Window Frames/Bars/Blinds.

How Can You Correctly Cast Shadows Using Things Such As Image Planes?

Use Shadow Objects To Simulate The Occlusion

Once You've Recalculated Your Solve, What Can You Do To Clean Up The Bad Trackers?

Use The "Delete Unsolved" And "Delete Rejected" To Options To Get Rid Of Bad Trackers.

How Do You Clear The Properties Panel?

Use The "Empty Properties Bin" Button In The Top Left Corner Of The Properties Tab.

What's The Next Step To Creating A Normal Map After Finishing A Low-Poly Mesh?

Use The "Projection" Modifier To Create A Cage For The Normal Map Projection.

What Should You Do After You've Refined Your Trackers And Thresholds?

Use The "Recalculate Solve" Operation To Rebuild The Solve Based On The Greened Trackers.

How Do You Preview The Way A Game Engine Will Triangulate Your Mesh?

Use The "Subdivide" Modifier With A Size Of Around 500cm.

What Setting Do You Use To Snap The Current Pivot To The Selectable Pivot?

Use The "Use Transform Coordinate Center" Option In The Use Pivot Menu To Snap The Pivot To The Pre-made Pivot Center.

What's An Easy Way To Add Glints And Rims Of Light To Add Contrast In A City Setting?

Use Wet Pavement

How Do You Move A Piece Of Media Frame By Frame?

Use Your Arrow Keys.

What's A Good Tool For Scaling A Face While Keeping Good Edge Flow?

Using "Inset" Is A Good Way To Keep Good Edge Flow.

Why Is It Important, When Normal Baking, To Keep Older Versions Of Your Mesh And Your Mesh History?

Using An Older, Less Detailed Version Can Make Your Normal Map More Of A Viable Option Resolution Wise.

What Are The Keys Used To Activate Different Types Of Conversion Methods Within Edit Poly?

Using Ctrl, Shift or Ctrl + Shift And Clicking On The Desired Conversion. Each Combination Will Result In A Different Method Of Conversion.

What's A Similar Process You Should Use When Lighting That You'd Use When Modeling?

Using Reference(To Determine The Final Look Of The Lighting).

In Composing Hard Surface Shapes, What's One Way To Achieve The Effect Of Cohesion?

Using Similar Shapes Creates A Feeling Of Cohesion.

How Do You View And Manually Change The Normals On A Mesh?

Utilize The "Edit Normals" Modifier.

What Kind Of Atmosphere Does Rain Create?

Water Droplets, Mist And Fog.

What Tool Can Help The Quickest In Setting Proper Edge Flow After Applying Supporting Edges?

Welding Vertices After Adding Supporting Edges Is The Best Way To Enhance Edge Flow.

What's Another Way Affordances Can Be Interpreted To Mean?

What A Design Allows A Certain Agent Or Agents To Do Based On The Relationship Between Them.

What's Understanding About?

What Everything Means, How Can It Be Used And What Does Everything Do.

When Cheating Lights, What Should You Keep In Mind About Illumination?

What Kind Of Illumination You Have Set. This Can Make Or Break Your Lighting.

What's The First Thing To Decide Upon When Lighting A Scene?

What Kinds Of Lights You'll Be Using.

When Adding Supporting Edges, What's A Fast Way To Accumulate A Large Selection Of Edges Which Need To Be Supported?

When Adding Support Edges, Selecting All Convex Edges Can Help You Get Most Of The Edges Which Need To Be Supported.

How Do You More Quickly Attach A Large Amount Of Objects?

When Attaching A Lot Of Objects, It Can Get Annoying To Click Each And Every Object. What You Can Do To Remedy This Is Select All The Objects You Desire To Attach And Then Enter Isolation Mode. When Isolated Press The Option Button Next To "Attach" And You Can Select The Box Which Hides All Non-Visible Objects And Then Select All The Visible Objects And Press Attach.

What Are Some Key Elements In The Technique Of Blending Shapes Through Attaching Geometry

When Attaching Objects To Each Other, You Can Keep Good Edge Flow By Keeping In Mind The Number Of Edges The Object You're Inserting Has And How To Get An Equal Amount Of Edges In The Insertion Point Of The Other Object. This Will Blend The Meshes Together Better! Good Protocol States The Keeping A Cylinder's Number Of Vertical Edges Equal To A Power Of 2 Is Clean, So Follow It. The Formula Is That For Every 2 Edges A Cylinder Has, You Have To Delete 1 Face In The Insertion Point To Create A Proper Docking For The Mesh.

What Should You Keep In Mind When Cheating Lighting.

When Cheating Lighting, Make Sure Not To Go Too Far Away From The Look Of The Real Lighting.

When Establishing Curvature While Using Symmetry And Applying A New Edit Poly Modifier How Should The Stack Look?

When Establishing Curvature, Make Sure To Put Your Next "Edit Poly" Modifier Above The Turbo Smooth Modifier And Above The Symmetry Modifier If You're Using It. Also Put Turbo Smooth Above Symmetry. Following This Procedure Well Give You Less Problems.

How Can You UV Map Within Substance Painter?

When Importing A Model Which Has No UV Info, Substance Will Try To Auto-UV It And It Works Pretty Well.

How Do You Return From A Constrained Transform Mode?

When In A Constraint Mode, You Can Press The Associated Hotkey, Such As With Sub-Objects, To Return To No Constraint.

What Should You Remember When Setting Reflection Types?

When Iterating On The Lighting Process, Don't Forget That At This Portion, You Can Always Stack Diffuse And Specular Reflections. Always Give Everything A Shot.

What Is Diffuse Reflection And What's A Situation In Which It Will Occur?

When Light Rays Are Scattered In All Directions. When Light Hits Anything That Isn't Glossy Or Shiny.

How Do You Keep A Picture's Aspect Ratio On A Reference Plane?

When Making A Plane For A Reference Image, Make The Height And Width The Same As The Image's Height And Width.

How Should You Model Something Which Is Symmetrical At The Silhouette Level?

When Modelling Something Which Has A Symmetrical Structure, Or Silhouette, Model It Symmetrically Until You Start To Add Details Which Aren't Symmetrical.

What Key Do You Hold To Constrain Movement To One Axis When Transforming A Component In The UV Map Tab?

When Moving A Selection In The UV Map Editor Tab, You Can Hold Shift To Constrain Your Movement To One Axis.

How Do You Properly Name A Script For Saving New Versions Of Them?

When Naming Your Script, Add The Suffix "_v01".

What Should You Do Before Copying And Pasting Modifiers Onto Separate Objects?

When Pasting Modifiers Onto Objects, Make Sure That Both The Object Which You Copied The Modifier From And The Object You're Going To Paste The Modifier Onto Have The Same Pivot. If Not, Your Results May Be Distorted.

What's Specular Reflection And What's A Situation In Which It Will Occur?

When Rays Of Light Aren't Scattered At All, But Instead They're Reflected In Parallel(An Example Of This Is Any Mirror Like Surface).

Where Should You Start When Retopoing A Head?

When Retopoing A Head, It's Best To Start With The Eyes, Nose And Mouth Area.

What Should You Make Sure To Do Before You Begin Retopoing?

When Retopologizing, Have Separate Material Colors For The Sculpt Mesh And The Retopo-Mesh. This Will Help With Contrasting Them!

How Do You Get More Precise results When Retopoing Hard Surface Shapes?

When Retopologizing, You Can Attach Meshes To The Retopo-Mesh To Quicken The Workflow, Such As Cylindrical Details On Characters. This Will Also Make Your Work More Precise

When Should You NEVER Use Decay?

When Setting Up Directional Lights.

What Problem Can The Idea That A Light Is Technically Smaller Than A Pixel Cause And How Can You Fix It?

When Simulating Specular Highlights, A Good Highlight's IS A Reflection Of The Light Source. Being Smaller Than A Pixel, The Light Source Can't Be Reflected. To Fix This, Most Shaders Have A Function To Set The Size Of Highlights.

What Should You Remember When Texturing Objects In Environments Which Are Adjacent To Each Other?

When Texturing Environments, Make Sure That Everything Blends Just A Little Bit At Least, Some Things More, Like Rocks Blend More To The Ground Elements.

What're One Of The Main Giveaways Of Bad Lighting In Architectural Renders?

When The Continuity Of Lighting Shifts Vastly From One Wall Corner To Another.

When Should You Begin Lighting A Scene?

When The Layout Is Done.

When Is Using No Decay Most Common?

When Using Directional Lights or Distant Light Sources.

What's A Fast Way To Get A Base Shape For A Detail Or Element?

When Using Reference Images, Making A Silhouette Out Of A Plane, Or Detached Geometry, By Cutting Out The Shape Is A Fast Way To Get A Base Shape For A Detail Or Element Which Isn't Easily Shapeable/Placeable With A Primitive Such As Ornaments. Though You Should Clean It Up After You're Done Getting A Base Shape.

How Do You Place A Symmetry Mirror In A Certain Position When Creating A Symmetry Modifier?

When Using Symmetry, You Can Preselect A Component Before Applying The Symmetry Modifier To Position The Mirror Sub-Object At The Components Coordinate.

How Do You Transfer Selection Set Between Clones?

When Working With Cloned Objects, You Can Transfer Selection Sets Between Clones By Making A Selection Set In One Clone, Selecting The Set In The Set Selection Bar, Selecting "Copy" In "Edit Geometry's" "Named Selection" Section And Then Selecting The Desired Clone You Wish To Transfer The Set To And Finally Selecting "Paste". This Works By Using The "Vertex Order". If The Vertex Order Is Different In The Clone And The Original Object, The Tool May Not Transfer The Set Correctly.

What's A Good Protocol To Follow When Modeling Smaller Details While Hard Surface Modeling?

When Working With Small Details, It May Be Better To First "Establish The Curvature" Of The Object To Get More Desirable Results. An Example Of Undesirable Results Is Pinching. Establishing The Curvature Can Be Done By Smoothing The Mesh Out, You Can Then Delete Whatever Topology You Don't Need And Then Continue Working. Using This Method May Result In Less Problems When Working With Minor Details!

Why Should You Have All Your Symmetry Modifiers Copied While Working On A Model?

When Working With Symmetry, It Helps To Have All The Symmetry Modifiers Copied So You Can Paste It Onto Whatever Object Needs The Same Symmetry.

What's An Example Of Communicating The Correct Message?

When You Can Look At Something And Understand What Actions Are Possible And Where And How They Should Be Done.

What Is "Occlusion Sandwiching"?

When You Combine The Occlusion Pass With Your Lighting.

What's The Best Procedure For Creating Base Geometry For Attachments Or Separate Elements Of A Model?

When You Make Attachments To Objects, It's Typically Best To Clone Some Of The Intersecting Geometry(Geometry Which The Attachment Will Be Touching) To Base The Attachment Off Of. This Will Also Help Keep Similar Topology Between The Object And The Attachment, Which Will Help Keep Geometry From Intersecting Once Smoothed.

At What Point Should You Include The Lighter And Darker Shades?

When You Start Adding Procedurals.

In What Situation Should You Use Bounced Lighting?

Whenever A Surface Is Hit By A Relatively Bright Light Source. Such As A Wall Near A Window Which Is Shining A Hot Beam Of Light On It.

When Can You Add Rim Lighting Based On The Background Color To The Subjects Of Your Foreground To Add Depth To Your Shot?

Whenever The Background Color Is Different From The Foreground Color Or The Lighting Is Brighter In The Background.

What Should You Do Whenever You Create A Spline?

Whenever You Create A Spline, Reset It's XForm And Convert It To An "Editable Spline".

Why May The Default Settings For An Operation Change Within An Object?

Whenever You Use An Operations Menu To Perform It's Function, The Settings You Use For That Operation Will Be Remembered And Used The Next Time You Use That Operation Within The Same Modifier.

What Should You Always Establish When Modeling Something Symmetrical?

Whenever You're Modeling Something Symmetrical, Always Establish The Thickness First, Which Is The Max Distance Of The Object Width Wise. So Always Model The Part Which Is The Furthest Width Wise In Symmetry From Each Side First!

When Should You Turn Off Smoothing Groups

Whenever You're Working On Your Mesh

How Should The Overall Color Balance Of Your Scene Be Like?

Where The Sunlight Overlaps With The Sky Light The Overlapping Areas Should Look Almost White. The Balance Can Be Different Based On What Time Of Day It Is And What The Balance Of The Scene Is.

When Is It Easiest To Learn The Relationship Between A Control And Its Result?

Wherever There's An Understandable Mapping Between The Control, The Action, And The Unintended Result.

What Should You Keep In Mind About The Size Of An Object While Modeling?

Work On An Object At A Much Larger Scale Than It Really Is So You Can Get The Details In Easier. Once Done, Rescale It To Be The Correct Size.

How Do You Most Easily Take Off The Spill On A Composite?

Work With The "Hue Correct Node".

Can You Use Models As Light Sources?

Yes!

Is Using Multiple Lights To Simulate One Practical Light Okay? If So In What Situations Is It Okay?

Yes, If There's A Lamp Shade You Want A Main Point Light Inside The Lamp And Spot Lights Or Any Light Which Fills The Shape Of The Shade Projecting Through Each Hole Of The Shade With Spill Lighting Included.

What Can You Do To Transfer Masks If You Applied Them Incorrectly Or You Need It On A Different Layer?

You CAN Copy/Paste Masks From Different Layers Using The "Paste Into Mask" Option!

What Can You Do When You're Stuck With A Shadow Map That Covers Too Wide An Area, And You Can't Frame It Any Tighter Because Of The Number Of Objects It Needs To Light.

You Can Break Up Your Spotlight Into Many Spot Lights Covering Different Areas(Good For Light Variation), Turn Off Shadows On Your Main Light And Use Shadow Only Lights To Create Shadows Beneath Each Object, Use Separate Spotlights To Create Shadow Passes And Composite Them Later On Or Raise The Resolution To What You'd Need(If The Resolution Needs To Be Above 4096X4096, You're Better Off Using Raytraced Shadows).

How Can You Get Cookied Lighting?

You Can Build A 3D Cookie Or Apply An Alpha Map To The Color Of The Light.

How Do You Change The Transform Center Of The Current Selection?

You Can Change The Transformation Center Of The Current Selection Via A Drop-Down Menu At The Top Shelf

How Do You Clone A Material In The Material Editor?

You Can Clone A Material By Dragging It Onto Another Material In The Editor, Make Sure To Rename It So You Don't Have Any Problems.

What's A Good Way To Save Time When You're About To Perform The Same Operations On 2 Separate Objects?

You Can Copy And Paste Modifiers Between Objects!!

What Do You Do Once You're Happy With The Results Of Your Line Analysis?

You Can Copy The Radial Distortion Parameters From Your Lens Distortion Node To The Camera Tracker Node And Use "Refine Known Lens" To Setup A New Solve To Try And Fix Any Distortion.

What's A Way To Save Time When Importing Textures Directly From Photoshop?

You Can Directly Drag In A PSD File Into Substance's Importer!

How Can You Be More Precise With Measurements In The 3D View?

You Can Enable Wireframe On Shaded In The Display Settings Menu.

How Can You Easily Create Complex Looking Radially Symmetrical Shapes From Cylinders?

You Can Get Very Complex Shapes Quickly By Using The Soft Selection Toolset And Deformers!

How Do You Create A Selection Set?

You Can Make A Selection Set By Selecting A Set Of Components And Then Typing In A Name In The Bar At The Top Shelf Which Says "Create Selection Set".

How Can You Get Rid Of Bad Trackers After Going Through The "Track Features" Process?

You Can Manually Select And Delete Bad Trackers.

How Can You Fix Colored Shadows Which You Don't Want?

You Can Mix Color Only Lights With A Shadow Only Light.

Nuke Is A Resolution Independent Compositor, What Does That Mean?

You Can Mix Media Of Multiple Resolutions.

How Can Having Your Geometry Inside Of Nuke Help Your Comp?

You Can More Easily As 2D Comp Layers(You Can Attach Them To Anything In The Scene).

What Can You Do To Get More Precise Placement Of Symmetry?

You Can Rotate A Symmetry Mirror Sub-Object To Get A Cleaner Result.

What Can You Do In The "Refine" Tab To Refine The Trackers In Your Solve?

You Can Select Certain Graphs And Scale Them Down Or Up For The Margin Of Error Or Threshold Allowed For Trackers In Your Shot Based On Which Graph You're Viewing.

What Can You Do With Colored Negative Lights?

You Can Subtract A Certain Color From It's Area Of Influence By Changing The Color To The Desired Color.

What's A "Cheat" You Can Use When You Need Something To Be Less Rough, But Can't Lower The Roughness For Any Reason?

You Can Use A Little Bit Of Metalness To Make Something More Shiny If Needed.

How Do You "Cheat" Lighting In Areas Which Are Too Dim?

You Can Use Blended Soft Spotlights(It Won't Look Off Of They're Blended In With Each Other).

What's One Technical Advantage To Using A Spotlight As A Sun?

You Can Use Cookies To Simulate Things Like Dappled Light Shining Through Tree Leaves.

What Does The Color Swatch Option Within Properties Do?

You Can Use It To Select Colors From The Viewer In Order To Set Certain Properties To More Closely Match That Part Of The Screen.

If Your Shot Looks Empty Or Your Comp Doesn't Come Together, How Can Shadows Help?

You Can Use Shadows To Fill In The Blank Space In Your Shot(Such As A Streak Going Across The Wall Or Objects).

What Can You Do If You Notice That There Are Too Many Trackers Bunched Up In One Place?

You Can Use The "Feature Separation" Option To Spread Them Out.

How Can You Use The "Shadow Color" Option To Help In Test Renders Which Aren't Soloing Lights?

You Can Use Them To Depict Exactly How A Shadow Is Shaped In A Render(Good Contrast For Overlapping Shadows In Tests).

What Does The "Displace" Modifier Allow You To Do?

You Can View Displacement In The Viewport Unlike The Renderview Only Displacement Map Option Attached To Materials.

How Can You Simulate A Main Light And A Spill Light All In One Light?

You Could Use A Cookie To Set The Shape, Spill And Radial Decay Of A Light.

How Do You Orientate The Current Pivot To The Rotation Of A Selectable Pivot?

You Have To Select It In The Pivot Menu, It Will Be Named Whatever The Object Is Named. This Also Works While Selecting Multiple Objects.

Why Might A Sequence Not Want To Import As Once?

You Haven't Toggled On The Sequence Check Box.

What Must You Do Before Using The "Make Planar" Toolset On An Object Which Has Been Rotated?

You Must Reset The XForm To Stop The Operation From Using The Rotated Local Pivot To Calculate What Is Considered Flat. Resetting The XForm Will Reorientate The Pivot To Be Flat In World Space.

What're The Two Aspects To Simulating The Illumination From A Practical Light?

You Need To Light The Source Itself And Then You Need To Light The Surrounding Set As If The Source Is Casting Illumination Into The Scene.

What Do You Need To Do When Setting Up A Light?

You Need To Solo It And Render It By Itself(This Is To Truly See How It Effects The Scene So You Can Adjust It To Be EXACTLY How You Need It To Be).

What Should You Do To The Objects You Wish To Boolean Before You Boolean Them?

You Should Convert Them To Editable Mesh's, Covert Them Back To Editable Poly's And Reset XForm, This Will Help Solve Any Weird Issues Such A Geometrical Anomalies. Then Clone Them Just In Case Anything Goes Wrong.

How Can You Tell That Your Spread Angle Is Too Low Inside A Room?

You'll See Beveled Corners Being White Stripes Inside Of Darkened Corners.

What Does It Mean To Have A V In A Dark Green Circle As An Indicator?

You're Working With A Multi-View Project And Have Split Off One Or More Views In The Node's Controls.

What Does It Mean To Have Two Diagonal Slashes Over Your Whole Node As An Indicator?

You've Disabled The Node By Pressing D Or Clicking The Disable Button.

What Does It Mean To Have One Diagonal Slash Over Your Whole Node As An Indicator?

You've Disabled The Node Using An Expression(Code, Usually Python).

What's The Default Output Size Of A Shot Based On?

mage Resolution Of Image Input B.

What's The Most Basic Way To Display Depth In Settings Like Large Rooms?

ou Can Use Variants In Lighting Or Lighting Intensity.

What're Affordances?

the qualities or properties(Signifiers) of an object that defines its possible uses or makes clear how it can or should be used.