mother/baby chapter 28

Which strategy would be the least appropriate for a child to use to cope?

Having parents solve problems

A child's skeletal age is best determined by:

Radiographs of the hand and wrist.

A toddler playing with sand and water would be participating in _____ play.

Sense-pleasure

By what age does birth length usually double?

4 years

An infant who weighs 7 pounds at birth would be expected to weigh how many pounds at age 1 year?

21

What is probably the single most important influence on growth at all stages of development?

Nutrition

Which term refers to those times in an individual's life when he or she is more susceptible to positive or negative influences?

Sensitive period

Which function of play is a major component of play at all ages?

Sensorimotor activity

The nurse is observing parents playing with their 10-month-old daughter. What should the nurse recognize as evidence that the child is developing object permanence?

She looks for the toy the parents hide under the blanket.

Which "expected outcome" would be developmentally appropriate for a hospitalized 4-year-old child?

The child will independently ask for play materials or other personal needs.

What is characteristic of the preoperational stage of cognitive development?

Thinking is concrete.

At what age do children tend to imitate the religious gestures and behaviors of others without understanding their significance?

Toddlerhood

Lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes are:

Twice their adult size by age 10 to 12 years.

The karyotype of a person is 47, XY, +21. This person is a:

Male with Down syndrome.

Trauma to which site can result in a growth problem for children's long bones?

Epiphyseal cartilage plate

Play serves many purposes. In teaching parents about appropriate activities, the nurse should inform them that play serves the following function (Select all that apply):

Intellectual development Self-awareness Creativity

Which statement is true about the basal metabolic rate (BMR) in children?

It is slightly higher in boys than in girls at all ages.

How does the onset of the pubertal growth spurt compare in girls and boys?

It occurs earlier in girls.

The predominant characteristic of the intellectual development of the child ages 2 to 7 years is egocentricity. What best describes this concept?

Inability to put self in another's place

What factors indicate that parents should seek genetic counseling for their child (Select all that apply)?

Abnormal newborn screen Family history of a hereditary disease Metabolic disorder

According to Kohlberg, children develop moral reasoning as they mature. What is most characteristic of a preschooler's stage of moral development?

Actions are determined as good or bad in terms of their consequences.

Which statement is true about toy safety?

Adults should be alert to notices of recalls by manufacturers.

A nurse is preparing to administer a Denver II. Which statement(s) about the Denver II test is (are) accurate (Select all that apply)?

All items intersected by the age line should be administered. Toddlers and preschoolers should be prepared by presenting the test as a game. Presentation of the toys from the kit should be done one at a time.

The intrauterine environment can have a profound and permanent effect on the developing fetus with or without chromosome or gene abnormalities. Most adverse intrauterine effects are the result of teratogens. The nurse is cognizant that this group of agents does not include:

Amniotic bands

A 13-year-old girl asks the nurse how much taller she will become. She has been growing about 2 inches per year but grew 4 inches this past year. Menarche recently occurred. The nurse should base her response on knowing that:

Approximately 95% of mature height is achieved when menarche occurs.

In what type of play are children engaged in similar or identical activity without organization, division of labor, or mutual goal?

Associative

Which behavior is most characteristic of the concrete operations stage of cognitive development?

Increasingly logical and coherent thought processes

By the time children reach their twelfth birthday, they should have learned to trust others and should have developed a sense of:

Industry

The nurse observes some children in the playroom. Which play situation exhibits the characteristics of parallel play?

Brian playing with his truck next to Kristina playing with her truck

The head-to-tail direction of growth is referred to as:

Cephalocaudal

Three children playing a board game would be an example of:

Cooperative play

Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?

Critical periods of development occur during childhood.

A mother reports that her 6-year-old child is highly active and irritable and that she has irregular habits and adapts slowly to new routines, people, or situations. According to Chess and Thomas, which category of temperament best describes this child?

Difficult child

The theorist who viewed developmental progression as a lifelong series of conflicts that need resolution is:

Erikson