Motion in Space
orbital speed:
How quickly an object orbits around the barycenter of a system, usually around a more massive body; for example, how quickly the Earth orbits around the Sun.
How would the speed of Earth's orbit around the sun change if Earth's distance from the sun increased by 4 times? It would increase by a factor of 2. It would decrease by a factor of 2. It would increase by a factor of 4. The speed would not change.
It would decrease by a factor of 2.
A moon orbiting a planet in the solar system has an orbital period of 5.0 x 104 s, and the distance between the center of the moon and the planet is 2.0 x 108 m. What planet is it? Mars (mass = 6.42 x 1023 kg) Venus (mass = 4.87 x 1024 kg) Neptune (mass = 1.02 x 1026 kg) Jupiter (mass = 1.90 x 1027 kg)
Jupiter (mass = 1.90 x 1027 kg)
Kepler's law of planetary motion:
One of three empirical laws of planetary motion stated by Johannes Kepler.
elliptical orbit:
Part of Kepler's first law; the paths of the planets are ellipses (oval shaped), with the Sun at one focus.
Law of Equal Areas:
States that an imaginary line from the Sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals.
Law of Ellipses:
States that the planets move in elliptical paths, with the Sun at one focus.
Law of Harmonies:
States that the square of the ratio of the periods of any two planets is equal to the cube of the ratio of their average distances from the Sun.
The average distance between the center of the Earth and the center of its moon is 3.84 x 108 m. The mass of the earth is 5.97x1024kg. What is the orbital speed and period of Earth's moon? T = 2.37 x 106 s = 27.4 days T = 6.24 x 106 s = 82.2 days T = 3.67 x 106 s = 39.4 days T = 4.82 x 106 s = 57.3 days
T = 2.37 x 106 s = 27.4 days
Kepler's third law of planetary motion states that the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of the average distance between the planet and the sun.
TRUE
orbital period:
The time it takes to complete one full revolution around a celestial body.
Earth has a mass of 5.97 x 1024 kg, and a mean radius of 6.38 x 106 m. What is the orbital speed of a satellite 6.16 x 108 m above the surface of the earth? Round the answer off to the nearest whole number. (G = 6.67 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2) 800m/s 80,000m/s 8000m/s None of the above.
a. 800m/s
What is true about satellites? A satellite is a projectile. The only force acting on a satellite is gravity. Both a and b. None of the above.
both a and b
In the figure above, according to Kepler's laws of planetary motion,
d
If a planet has twice the mass of Earth, its radius would have to be larger by a factor of 2 for the gravitational field strength at the planet's surface to be the same as on Earth's surface.
false
The equation for the speed of an object in circular orbit is 656-09-03-00-00_files/i0050000.jpg. What does m represent in this equation? the mass of the sun the mass of the central object the mass of Earth the mass of the orbiting object
the mass of the central object
If a satellite orbiting the Earth has a period of 125 min, then it must be 1.90 x 106 m above the Earth's surface. Note: The mass of earth is 5.97 x 1024 kg, and the mean radius of earth is 6.38 x106 m.
true
