Motivation and Emotion Quizzes

When a person's stomach is full and distended, people experience little to no hunger. By the time the stomach empties _____ of its contents, however, people begin to report the first signs of hunger.

60%

If a student pays very close attention to the learning materials, puts a lot of effort into the learning, and persists in the learning for an extended period of time, she would be rated as scoring high on ___________ engagement.

Behavioral

Motivation study concerns itself with those processes that give behavior its:

Direction and Energy

____ generates good feelings

Dopamine release

_____ is the theoretical term used to depict the psychological discomfort stemming from a persistent biological deficit

Drive

__________ are short-lived subjective-physiological-functional-expressive phenomena that orchestrate how a person reacts to significant life events

Emotions

Which of the following statements best summarizes the conclusions revealed by investigating the childrearing antecedents of social needs such as achievement of power

Few childrearing experiences explain adults' social needs because social needs change over time as one's adult life experiences (e.g., occupation) change

Jamal is processing feelings related to his sense of self and personal agency. What area of the brain is particularly activated at this time?

Insular cortex

As an interpersonal relationship develops over time, people high in the need for _____ experience increased satisfaction in that relationship, whereas people low in that need experience mostly a sense of entrapment

Intimacy

_____ emerges spontaneously from psychological needs, personal curiosities, and innate strivings for growth

Intrinsic motivation

Which of the following statements is true about sexual motivation

Men and women experience and react to sexual desire very differently

____ is any condition within the person that is essential and necessary for life, growth, and well-being.

Need

What does research say about the cultural prescription to drink 8 glasses of water each day

No evidence exists to support this advice

Would the following example of a teacher-provided choice be expected to increase the receiving student's subsequent autonomy and intrinsic motivation: "Sam, for the next hour I want you to read a book, and I have three books here that you might like—A, B, and C. Which one of those three books would you like to read today?"

No, some choices increase autonomy and intrinsic motivation while other choices decrease them; this particular choice is most likely not to increase autonomy and intrinsic motivation.

In understanding how interpersonal competition affects people's intrinsic motivation, each of the following statements is true, except

People who win in a high-pressure competition show high intrinsic motivation Correct

___ provides the social context in which internalization occurs

Relatedness to others

Which of the following is a benefit of extrinsic rewards

Rewards make an otherwise uninteresting task suddenly seem worth pursuing

According to the textbook, the most important environmental influence on drinking behavior is

Taste

Consider the motivation of an athlete. Which of the following relationships between a coach and an athlete reflects a person-environment dialectic

The athlete shows interest, the coach recommends a game to play as practice, and the athlete plays the game out of interest

Among the following questions, which is considered to be a core, perennial question within motivation study?

What causes behavior?

According to the text, the need for ___________ involves establishing, maintaining, and restoring relationships with others, mostly to escape from and to avoid negative emotions such as disapproval and loneliness.

affiliation

In his research with chess masters, rock climbers, dancers, and surgeons, Csikszentmihalyi found that the fundamental antecedent to "flow" is that the activity must provide its participants with

an optimal challenge

Given the following scenario, what brain structure would be expected to be highly active? The person looks at a menu, trying to decide which item to order. As she considers the options listed in front of her, her awareness of her past experiences with the various items informs her decision to choose option A over option B.

anterior cingulate cortex

If a rat had a lesioned (surgically removed) amygdala and was then placed in the same room with a cat, what would the rat's behavior likely be? The rat would likely:

appear tame, neutral, perhaps even playful.

Power-oriented individuals tend to seek recognition in small groups and to find a way to make themselves visible to others, apparently in an effort to:

attain influence over group outcomes.

According to Deci and Ryan's cognitive evaluation theory, all extrinsic events have two functional aspects: a controlling aspect and an informational aspect. To say that an external event is controlling means that it

coerces a person into doing some particular act

The following two reasons to help illustrate what two types of relationships: First reason: "I want to help because of the distress on your face." Second reason: "I want to help you so that you will help me in return.

communal; exchange

According to Deci and Ryan's cognitive evaluation theory, all extrinsic events have two functional aspects: a controlling aspect and an informational aspect. To say that an external event is informational means that it

communicates either a job done well or a job done poorly

Targets a prescribed outcome" and "applies pressures" are the two defining characteristics of what type of motivating style?

controlling

Pairing "science" and "motivation" in the phrase "motivational science" means that answers to motivational questions require:

data-based, empirical evidence to validate objectively one's claims about how motivation works

Among the following, which is the most likely event to increase or intensify hunger

decreased glucose

Organismic theories of motivation:

endorse a person-environmental dialectical framework to understand motivation

According to the dynamics-of-action model, conditions that involve and satisfy the implicit achievement motive are:

entrepreneurship

The smell of food, the appearance of food, the time of day, and the presence of other people who are eating all represent ___ that contribute to and regulate the rise and fall of hunger and eating

extraorganismic mechanisms

The subjective experience of autonomy includes each of the following experiential qualities, except

feeling emotionally connected to others

Research by Spengler and House (1991) shows that specific constellations of power, affiliation, and self-control generally result in effective leadership. The characteristics that best represent an effective manager are

high power, low affiliation, and high inhibition

Which of the following profiles of U.S. presidents has empirical research shown to be associated with the highest presidential effectiveness?

high power, low intimacy, high activity inhibition

The ____ is a small brain structure that comprises less than 1% of the total volume of the brain. Despite its small size, it is a motivational giant associated with motivations such as hunger and thirst.

hypothalamus

Which of the following brain structures can generate feelings of hunger as well as satiety, depending on which part is stimulated?

hypothalamus

According to self-determination theory, the motivation that needs to be most enhanced in asking another person to engage in an uninteresting but important activity (e.g., recycling, cleaning) is to promote

identified regulation

Identify the type of need described here: It is inferred from a person's characteristic thought, emotions, and behavior

implicit needs

A theory is a(n):

intellectual framework to identify and explain relationships among phenomena

When an activity involves our psychological needs, we tend to feel high ___; when that same activity satisfies our psychological needs, we tend to feel high ___.

interest; enjoyment

According to self-determination theory, what type of motivation explains the student's effort in school when the student says, "I try so hard so I won't feel guilty or ashamed of myself."?

introjected regulation

To adapt optimally, people need a motivational repertoire that features

just as many avoidance-based motives as approach-based motives

The time a person delays a response following an initial exposure to a stimulus event (e.g., how much time it takes before one starts studying upon entering the library) is called:

latency

According to the _____ hypothesis, when body weight (or proportion of body fat) drops below its in-born homeostatic balance, then increased hunger and increased eating behavior become more probable

lipostatic

According to the ice cream eating study, which of the following is true? Compared to how much they eat when alone, people eat

more in the presence of other people who are also eating

Which of the following events leads to the learning of escape and avoidance behaviors?

negative reinforcement

People experience intrinsic motivation because

people have innate psychological needs

The impetus (desire) to do well relative to a standard of excellence for an achievement-oriented individual involves

performing better than others, as in winning a competition. performing a specific task well, as in solving a crossword puzzle. performing better than one has performed in the past, as in swimming faster than ever before.

Assessing a person's heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate to infer the presence and intensity of a person's motivational state constitutes which type of measure of motivation?

physiological

If a person receives a paycheck for coming to work on time, then the worker becomes more likely to come to work on time in the future. This example illustrates that the paycheck acts as a(n):

positive reinforcer

People with relatively high activity in their right prefrontal lobes ("right-side asymmetry") show a relatively strong sensitivity to

potential signals of punishment and negative emotionality

People with relatively high activity in their left prefrontal lobes ("left-side asymmetry") show a relatively strong sensitivity to

potential signals of reward and positive emotionality

People often say that the best way to motivate others is to increase their self-esteem, as in "Find a way to make people feel good about themselves, and then all sorts of good things start to happen." In response to this approach to motivation, the textbook concluded that:

practically no evidence supports this approach to motivation

Taking the time to go over with a student or employee why a task is worth their attention and effort represents which of the following autonomy-supportive strategies

provides explanatory rationales

Which of the following brain structures is involved in generating and monitoring arousal

reticular formation

Which of the following structures is involved in generating avoidance motivation

right prefrontal cortex

Identify the type of need described here: an acquired process that develops out of one's personal history and activates emotional responses to a need-relevant incentive

social needs