MSU GSC 199 Quiz 7
Catastrophism supports rapid changes on the earth and a young age of the earth while Uniformitarianism requires long times for changes to be significant and thus a very old earth
A major difference between Catastrophism and Uniformitarianism is ________.
True
Crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth
False
Earth's magnetic field has no measurable change in its 4.5-billion-year history
True
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of elastic energy previously stored in rocks surrounding a zone of fault movement.
Enough stress must build up over time on a fault to overcome friction.
In elastic rebound theory, what must occur to produce an earthquake?
Theory of the Earth
In the late 1700s James Hutton published his important work titled ________.
Biblical passages
In the mid-1600s, James Ussher determined that the earth was created in 4004 BC based on ________.
Aftershocks
Major earthquakes are often followed by somewhat smaller events known as ________.
basalt
Oceanic crust is composed primarily of ________.
False
Oceanic crust is less dense than continental crust.
surface waves
On a typical seismogram, ________ will show the highest amplitudes.
understand the history of the earth
One of the primary goals of geology is to ________.
Ussher's estimated age of the earth required catastrophic events to form mountains and canyons
One reason that Catastrophism was popular was ________.
False
Radiometric data was the key to modern geology replacing catastrophism.
False
S waves can travel through solid and liquid media.
True
The Richter earthquake magnitude scale is based on the energy released by the earthquake.
geology changes constantly but the rules that control those transformations do not change
The basic concept of Uniformitarianism is ________.
False
The inner core has the highest density of all layers of the Earth
True
The mantle contains the Earth's largest volume
True
There is geologic evidence that the earth has experienced many episodes of mountain building and erosion.
The crust is compositionally distinct from the mantle, but the lithosphere is the rigid part of the crust and mantle.
What is the major difference between the crust and the lithosphere?
magnitude
Which of the following is determined by measuring the amplitude of waves recorded from an earthquake?
diffusion
Which of the following is not a way that seismic waves travel in the earth?
P and S waves travel through solids and P waves travel through liquids.
Which one of the following statements is correct?
Primary waves (P-waves)
________ have the highest velocities
