Multiple choice
Bruni's oration best illustrates which of the following elements of the Renaissance?
The revival of classical literature and ancient texts
According to Diamond's argument, the most important factor for the success of European colonization of the Americas lay in
The biological and environmental advantages held by Europeans
What characteristic of political thought during the Italian Renaissance is raised by Bruni's oration?
The emphasis on secular models of individual and political behavior
Based on the above excerpt, the Act of Supremacy best represents
an attempt by Henry VIII to impose religious reform from the top down and expand royal authority
The ideas expressed in the excerpt are evid
Absolute monarchies limited the nobility's participation in governance but preserved the aristocracy's social and legal privileges
The approaches of humanist scholars such as Bruni led to which of the following developments by the early sixteenth century?
Christian humanists employing Renaissance learning in service of religious reform
Which of the following illustrates a major similarity between John Calvin and sixteenth century Roman Catholic popes?
Some protestants refused to recognize the subordination of the church to the state
Besides Galileo's discoveries in astronomy, what new scientific ideas and observations arose during the period 1450-1648?
anatomical and medical discoveries presenting the body as an integrated system
Henry VIII used the Act of Supremacy to
assert control of religious institutions such as monasteries
Galileo's response to the Bible-based arguments of his accusers reflects the system of thought called...
humanism
One international impact of the religious reform evidenced in the Act of Supremacy in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries was
the effort by Hapsburg rulers to restore Catholic unity across europe
The type of education described in the excerpt above most directly contributed to which subsequent historical development?
the scientific revolution
Which of the following was a consequence of the Columbian exchange referenced by Diamond?
Europeans expansion of the African slave trade
In this excerpt, Calvin's writing best serves as evidence of which ofthe following practices occurring in Europe at the time?
Reformers criticized catholic abuses and established new interpretations of Christian doctrines and practice.
Based on this document, which of the following can be inferred as a significant effect of the renewed emphasis on science and reason in European culture?
Religion was increasingly viewed as a matter of private rather than public concern
Which of the following was the most direct consequence of the changes promoted by Calvin?
the weakening of religious institutions during the reformation left city governments with the task of regulating public morals
The idea expressed in this excerpt best reflects which of the following historical trends?
In the eighteenth century, a number of states in eastern and central Europe experimented with "enlightened absolutism"
