Muscles: Action, Antagonist and Synergist

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Extensor carpi radialis longus

Action: Extends and abducts wrist Antagonist: pronator teres Synergist: supinator

Masseter

Action: Primer mover to close jaw Antagonist: Digastric Synergist: Temporalis

Occipitalis

Action: Pulls scalp posterior Antagonist: NA Synergist: Frontalis

Abductor pollicis longus

Action: Abducts and extends thumb Antagonist: Palmaris longus Synergist: flexor digitorium superficialis

Gluteus medius

Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh Antagonist: Sartorious Synergist: Tensor fascia latae

Deltoid

Action: Arm abduction Antagonist: Latissimus dorsi Synergist: teres minor

Orbicularis Oris

Action: Closes Mouth Antagonist: Zygomaticus Synergist: Mentalis

Temporalis

Action: Closes jaw Antagonist: Digastric Synergist: Masseter

Buccinator

Action: Compresses cheeks as in whistling Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: Risorious

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Action: Extends and adducts wrists Antagonist: Flexor carpi radialis Synergist: Supinator

Extensor digitorum

Action: Extends and flares fingers Antagonist: Pronator teres Synergist: Brachioradialis

Teres major

Action: Extends and medially rotates humerus Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: infraspinatus

Extensor hallucis longus

Action: Extends big toe Antagonist: Soleus Synergist: Tibialis anterior

Quadricep vastus medialis

Action: Extends knee and stabilizes it. Antagonist: Gracilis Synergist: vastus lateralis

Hamstring bicep femoris

Action: Extends thigh Antagonist: Sartorious Synergist: Gluteus maximus

Hamstring semitendinosus

Action: Extends thigh and flexes knee Antagonist: Sartorious Synergist: Gluteus maximus

Extensor pollicis longus and brevis

Action: Extends thumb Antagonist: Flexor carpi ulnaris Synergist: Supinator

Scalenes

Action: Flex & Rotate neck Antagonist: Splenius Synergist: Platysma

Flexor pollicis longus deep

Action: Flexed thumb Antagonist: Brachioradialis Synergist: NA

Popliteus

Action: Flexes and rotates medially Antagonist: Biceps femoris Synergist: Gracilis

Sartorious

Action: Flexes knew Antagonist: Adductor mangus Synergist: psoas

Sternocleidomastoid

Action: Flexes neck forward when together Antagonist: Temporalis Synergist: Scalenes

Flexor digitorium longus

Action: Flexes toes Antagonist: Tibialis anterior Synergist: Gastrocnemius

Flexor digitorum superficialis middle

Action: Flexes wrist and middle phalanges Antagonist: Palmaris longus Synergist: abductor pollicis longus

Brachioradialis

Action: Forearm flexor Antagonist: Triceps Synergist: Abductor pollicis longus

Biceps brachii

Action: Forearm supinator Antagonist: triceps brachii Synergist: deltoid

Psoas

Action: Hip flexor Antagonist: gluteus maximus Synergist: pectineus

Fibularis Brevis

Action: Keeps foot flat on ground Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Gastrocnemius

Peroneus longus

Action: Keeps foot flat on ground Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Gastrocnemius

Teres minor

Action: Lateral rotation of humerus Antagonist: infraspinatus Synergist: pectoralis major

Frontalis

Action: Lifts eyebrows Antagonist: NA Synergist: Occipitalis

Pectoralis minor

Action: Lifts ribs Antagonist: rhomboids Synergist: Trapezius

Risorious

Action: Lips' corners move laterally Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: Zygomaticus

Hamstring semimembranosus

Action: Medially rotates leg at thigh Antagonist: Tensor fascia latae Synergist: gluteus maximus

Serratus anterior

Action: Moves scapula towards chest wall Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: pectoralis major

Flexor digitorium profundus deep

Action: Only flexor of distal phalanges Antagonist: Flexor carpi radialis Synergist: NA

Gastrocnemius

Action: Planatar flexion when knee is extended Antagonist: Gracilis Synergist: Quadriceps

Soleus

Action: Plantar Flexion Antagonist: Tibialis Anterior Synergist: Gastrocnemius

Triceps brachii

Action: Powerful arm extensor Antagonist: Biceps brachii Synergist: NA

Gluteus maximus

Action: Powerful hip extensor Antagonist: Psoas Synergist: Sarotious

Tibialis Anterior

Action: Prime mover of dorsiflexion to invert foot Antagonist: Gastrocnemius Synergist: Extensor hallucis longus

Tibialis Posterior

Action: Prime mover of foot inversion Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Gastrocnemius

Extensor digitorium longus

Action: Prime mover of toe extension Antagonist: Tibialis posterior Synergist: Extensor hallucis longus

Pronator quadratus

Action: Pronates forearm Antagonist: Supinator Synergist: Pronator teres

Pronator teres

Action: Pronates forearm Antagonist: Extensor carpi ulnaris Synergist: flexor pollicis longus

Depressor Anguli Oris

Action: Pulls corners of mouth down and lateral Antagonist: Zygomaticus Synergist: Depressor Labii Inferioris

Depressor Labii Inferioris

Action: Pulls lower lip down to expose lower teeth Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: Depressor Anguli Oris

External intercostals

Action: Pulls ribs forward Antagonist: external intercostals Synergist:

Supraspinatus

Action: Pulls shoulders medially Antagonist: pectoralis major Synergist: deltoid

Levator Labii

Action: Raises upper lip Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: NA

Zygomaticus (Major &Minor)

Action: Smiling Antagonist: NA Synergist: Orbicularis Oculi

Tensor fascia latae

Action: Stabilizes trunk Antagonist: Gluteus maximus Synergist: Sartorious

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Action: Stabilizes wrist Antagonist: Flexor carpi radialis superficial Synergist: Extensor carpi radialis longus

Supinator

Action: Synergist to supinate arm Antagonist: Flexor carpi ulnaris Synergist: Extensor digitorium

Palmaris longus superficial

Action: Tenses skin & fascia of palm Antagonist: extensor carpi ulnaris Synergist: flexor carpi ulnaris

Orbicularis Oculi

Action: Winking Antagonist: NA Synergist: NA

Mentalis

Action: Wrinkles chin Antagonist: Digastric Synergist: Masseter

Flexor carpi radialis superficial

Action: abducts hand Antagonist: abductor pollicis longus Synergist: palmaris longus

Pectoralis major

Action: adducts and medially rotates arm Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: serratus anterior

Latissimus dorsi

Action: adducts and medially rotates arm Antagonist: pectoralis major Synergist: supraspinatus

Flexor carpi ulnaris superficial

Action: adducts hand Antagonist: extensor carpi radialis longus Synergist: flexor carpi radialis

Gracilis

Action: adducts thigh Antagonist: adductor mangus Synergist: sartorious

Adductor mangus and longus

Action: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh Antagonist: gluteus maximus Synergist: pectineus

Pectineus

Action: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh Antagonist: tensor fascia latae Synergist: adductor longus

transversus abdominis

Action: compresses abdominal contents Antagonist: NA Synergist: NA

Digastric

Action: elevates hyoid bone Antagonist: Masseter Synergist: NA

Quadricep vastus intermedius

Action: extends knee Antagonist: sartorious Synergist: rectus femoris

Quadricep rectus femoris

Action: extends knee Antagonist: tensor fascia latae Synergist: gluteus maximus

Quadricep vastus laterlis

Action: extends knee and stabilizes it Antagonist: gastrocnemius Synergist: rectus femoris

Splenius

Action: extends or hyperextends head Antagonist: sternocleidomasteoid Synergist: trapezius

Brachialis

Action: forearm flexor Antagonist: Triceps brachii Synergist: Biceps brachii

Iliacus

Action: hip flexor Antagonist: Gluteus maximus Synergist: pectineus

Internal intercostals

Action: internal expiration by compressing ribs toward each other Antagonist: external intercostals Synergist:

Infraspinatus

Action: lateral rotation of humerus Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: teres major

Subscapularis

Action: medial rotation of shoulder Antagonist: infraspinatus Synergist: pectoralis major

Diaphragm

Action: prime mover of inspiration Antagonist: internal intercostals Synergist: external intercostals

Trapezius

Action: rotates and adducts scapula Antagonist: Scalenes Synergist: Splenius

Rectus abdominis

Action: stabilizes pelvis Antagonist: Synergist: Psoas

External/internal obliques

Action: stabilizes pelvis Antagonist: diaphram Synergist: transverse abdominis

Rhomboids

Action: stabilizes scapula Antagonist: NA Synergist: trapezius

Flexor hallucis longus

Action:Flexes big toe Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Tibialis posterior


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