Muscles: Action, Antagonist and Synergist
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Action: Extends and abducts wrist Antagonist: pronator teres Synergist: supinator
Masseter
Action: Primer mover to close jaw Antagonist: Digastric Synergist: Temporalis
Occipitalis
Action: Pulls scalp posterior Antagonist: NA Synergist: Frontalis
Abductor pollicis longus
Action: Abducts and extends thumb Antagonist: Palmaris longus Synergist: flexor digitorium superficialis
Gluteus medius
Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh Antagonist: Sartorious Synergist: Tensor fascia latae
Deltoid
Action: Arm abduction Antagonist: Latissimus dorsi Synergist: teres minor
Orbicularis Oris
Action: Closes Mouth Antagonist: Zygomaticus Synergist: Mentalis
Temporalis
Action: Closes jaw Antagonist: Digastric Synergist: Masseter
Buccinator
Action: Compresses cheeks as in whistling Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: Risorious
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Action: Extends and adducts wrists Antagonist: Flexor carpi radialis Synergist: Supinator
Extensor digitorum
Action: Extends and flares fingers Antagonist: Pronator teres Synergist: Brachioradialis
Teres major
Action: Extends and medially rotates humerus Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: infraspinatus
Extensor hallucis longus
Action: Extends big toe Antagonist: Soleus Synergist: Tibialis anterior
Quadricep vastus medialis
Action: Extends knee and stabilizes it. Antagonist: Gracilis Synergist: vastus lateralis
Hamstring bicep femoris
Action: Extends thigh Antagonist: Sartorious Synergist: Gluteus maximus
Hamstring semitendinosus
Action: Extends thigh and flexes knee Antagonist: Sartorious Synergist: Gluteus maximus
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Action: Extends thumb Antagonist: Flexor carpi ulnaris Synergist: Supinator
Scalenes
Action: Flex & Rotate neck Antagonist: Splenius Synergist: Platysma
Flexor pollicis longus deep
Action: Flexed thumb Antagonist: Brachioradialis Synergist: NA
Popliteus
Action: Flexes and rotates medially Antagonist: Biceps femoris Synergist: Gracilis
Sartorious
Action: Flexes knew Antagonist: Adductor mangus Synergist: psoas
Sternocleidomastoid
Action: Flexes neck forward when together Antagonist: Temporalis Synergist: Scalenes
Flexor digitorium longus
Action: Flexes toes Antagonist: Tibialis anterior Synergist: Gastrocnemius
Flexor digitorum superficialis middle
Action: Flexes wrist and middle phalanges Antagonist: Palmaris longus Synergist: abductor pollicis longus
Brachioradialis
Action: Forearm flexor Antagonist: Triceps Synergist: Abductor pollicis longus
Biceps brachii
Action: Forearm supinator Antagonist: triceps brachii Synergist: deltoid
Psoas
Action: Hip flexor Antagonist: gluteus maximus Synergist: pectineus
Fibularis Brevis
Action: Keeps foot flat on ground Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Gastrocnemius
Peroneus longus
Action: Keeps foot flat on ground Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Gastrocnemius
Teres minor
Action: Lateral rotation of humerus Antagonist: infraspinatus Synergist: pectoralis major
Frontalis
Action: Lifts eyebrows Antagonist: NA Synergist: Occipitalis
Pectoralis minor
Action: Lifts ribs Antagonist: rhomboids Synergist: Trapezius
Risorious
Action: Lips' corners move laterally Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: Zygomaticus
Hamstring semimembranosus
Action: Medially rotates leg at thigh Antagonist: Tensor fascia latae Synergist: gluteus maximus
Serratus anterior
Action: Moves scapula towards chest wall Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: pectoralis major
Flexor digitorium profundus deep
Action: Only flexor of distal phalanges Antagonist: Flexor carpi radialis Synergist: NA
Gastrocnemius
Action: Planatar flexion when knee is extended Antagonist: Gracilis Synergist: Quadriceps
Soleus
Action: Plantar Flexion Antagonist: Tibialis Anterior Synergist: Gastrocnemius
Triceps brachii
Action: Powerful arm extensor Antagonist: Biceps brachii Synergist: NA
Gluteus maximus
Action: Powerful hip extensor Antagonist: Psoas Synergist: Sarotious
Tibialis Anterior
Action: Prime mover of dorsiflexion to invert foot Antagonist: Gastrocnemius Synergist: Extensor hallucis longus
Tibialis Posterior
Action: Prime mover of foot inversion Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Gastrocnemius
Extensor digitorium longus
Action: Prime mover of toe extension Antagonist: Tibialis posterior Synergist: Extensor hallucis longus
Pronator quadratus
Action: Pronates forearm Antagonist: Supinator Synergist: Pronator teres
Pronator teres
Action: Pronates forearm Antagonist: Extensor carpi ulnaris Synergist: flexor pollicis longus
Depressor Anguli Oris
Action: Pulls corners of mouth down and lateral Antagonist: Zygomaticus Synergist: Depressor Labii Inferioris
Depressor Labii Inferioris
Action: Pulls lower lip down to expose lower teeth Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: Depressor Anguli Oris
External intercostals
Action: Pulls ribs forward Antagonist: external intercostals Synergist:
Supraspinatus
Action: Pulls shoulders medially Antagonist: pectoralis major Synergist: deltoid
Levator Labii
Action: Raises upper lip Antagonist: Orbicularis Oris Synergist: NA
Zygomaticus (Major &Minor)
Action: Smiling Antagonist: NA Synergist: Orbicularis Oculi
Tensor fascia latae
Action: Stabilizes trunk Antagonist: Gluteus maximus Synergist: Sartorious
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Action: Stabilizes wrist Antagonist: Flexor carpi radialis superficial Synergist: Extensor carpi radialis longus
Supinator
Action: Synergist to supinate arm Antagonist: Flexor carpi ulnaris Synergist: Extensor digitorium
Palmaris longus superficial
Action: Tenses skin & fascia of palm Antagonist: extensor carpi ulnaris Synergist: flexor carpi ulnaris
Orbicularis Oculi
Action: Winking Antagonist: NA Synergist: NA
Mentalis
Action: Wrinkles chin Antagonist: Digastric Synergist: Masseter
Flexor carpi radialis superficial
Action: abducts hand Antagonist: abductor pollicis longus Synergist: palmaris longus
Pectoralis major
Action: adducts and medially rotates arm Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: serratus anterior
Latissimus dorsi
Action: adducts and medially rotates arm Antagonist: pectoralis major Synergist: supraspinatus
Flexor carpi ulnaris superficial
Action: adducts hand Antagonist: extensor carpi radialis longus Synergist: flexor carpi radialis
Gracilis
Action: adducts thigh Antagonist: adductor mangus Synergist: sartorious
Adductor mangus and longus
Action: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh Antagonist: gluteus maximus Synergist: pectineus
Pectineus
Action: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh Antagonist: tensor fascia latae Synergist: adductor longus
transversus abdominis
Action: compresses abdominal contents Antagonist: NA Synergist: NA
Digastric
Action: elevates hyoid bone Antagonist: Masseter Synergist: NA
Quadricep vastus intermedius
Action: extends knee Antagonist: sartorious Synergist: rectus femoris
Quadricep rectus femoris
Action: extends knee Antagonist: tensor fascia latae Synergist: gluteus maximus
Quadricep vastus laterlis
Action: extends knee and stabilizes it Antagonist: gastrocnemius Synergist: rectus femoris
Splenius
Action: extends or hyperextends head Antagonist: sternocleidomasteoid Synergist: trapezius
Brachialis
Action: forearm flexor Antagonist: Triceps brachii Synergist: Biceps brachii
Iliacus
Action: hip flexor Antagonist: Gluteus maximus Synergist: pectineus
Internal intercostals
Action: internal expiration by compressing ribs toward each other Antagonist: external intercostals Synergist:
Infraspinatus
Action: lateral rotation of humerus Antagonist: deltoid Synergist: teres major
Subscapularis
Action: medial rotation of shoulder Antagonist: infraspinatus Synergist: pectoralis major
Diaphragm
Action: prime mover of inspiration Antagonist: internal intercostals Synergist: external intercostals
Trapezius
Action: rotates and adducts scapula Antagonist: Scalenes Synergist: Splenius
Rectus abdominis
Action: stabilizes pelvis Antagonist: Synergist: Psoas
External/internal obliques
Action: stabilizes pelvis Antagonist: diaphram Synergist: transverse abdominis
Rhomboids
Action: stabilizes scapula Antagonist: NA Synergist: trapezius
Flexor hallucis longus
Action:Flexes big toe Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus Synergist: Tibialis posterior
