AP Human Geography review questions

The end of the Cold War provided electoral geographers with the first opportunity to study modern political cleavages in a. Canada and Australia b. Poland and the Czech Republic c. The United States and Mexico d. France and the United Kingdom e. Jamaica and Bermuda

b. Poland and the Czech Republic

Which of the following is an benefit of industrial agriculture? a. It uses fewer fossil fuels. b. It gives consumers more access to food. c. It conserves water through irrigation d. It increases the number of farming jobs e. It decreases the amount of chemical fertilizers running off farm fields

b. It gives consumers more access to food.

Which is most responsible for deindustrialization in highly developed countries? a. Easy capital financing available in developing countries b. Low wages in developing countries c. Labor shortages in developed countries d. The lack of strong unions in developed countries e. The shortage of raw materials in developed countries

b. Low wages in developing countries

Based upon Wallerstein's World Systems Theory, which of the following countries best fits the description of a peripheral country? a. Brazil b. Mali c. Japan d. Germany e. China

b. Mali

Which supranational organization focused on the production of oil? a. ASEAN b. OPEC c. EU d. NAFTA e. NATO

b. OPEC

Herders who move herds constantly in order to find food sources as old sources are depleted engage in a. Shifting cultivation b. Pastoral nomadism c. Commercial farming d. Agropastoralism e. Sedentarization

b. Pastoral nomadism

The geographic boundary of a state can also be a physical boundary, such as a. A religious movement b. A lake or mountain c. A language barrier d. A type of currency e. A national dish

b. A lake or mountain

Ranching is a good example of which type of agricultural system? a. Intensive subsistence cultivation b. Extensive commercial cultivation c. Labor-intensive agriculture d. Capital intensive agriculture e. Controlled agriculture

b. Extensive commercial cultivation

A separation fence, such as that which exists on the territory between India and Pakistan is most often used to demarcate a. A cease-fire line b. A cross-border region c. A linguistic border d. An annexed zone e. A decolonized zone

a. A cease-fire line

The centralized power of a unitary state is most likely to be threatened by the development of a. A self-governing region b. A broad trade agreement with neighboring state c. A constitution that requires citizens to be born within a state d. Voting districts that divide large rural areas e. A new religion found only within the state

a. A self-governing region

The main benefit for countries that host Export Processing Zones is that these zones a. Create thousands of relatively high-paying jobs for their citizens b. Increase availability of manufactured products for their citizens c. Attract thousands of foreign workers, which results in millions of extra dollars in tax revenue d. Increase opportunities for the citizens to work for American companies and to learn English e. Provide an efficient way to increase imports from the United States

a. Create thousands of relatively high-paying jobs for their citizens

Argentina both a national legislature and 23 provincial legislatures, which exercise power separately from the national legislature. Which term best describes the country's government? a. Federal b. Municipal c. Confederate d. Autocratic e. Unitary

a. Federal

The domestication of plants and animals occurred in the a. First Agricultural Revolution b. Green Revolution c. Second Agricultural Revolution d. Columbian Exchange e. Industrial Revolution

a. First Agricultural Revolution

Both domestic and international acts of terror are defined as terrorism because both a. Have the effect of intimidating a group of people through violence b. Can be perpetrated by groups that believe in civil disobedience c. Have been outlawed by anti-terrorist legislation d. Can be traced to radical religious doctrines e. Are organized through digital communication such as email

a. Have the effect of intimidating a group of people through violence

Which often happens to an industrial site after the factory on it closes? a. In old industrial areas, it often becomes a brownfield site. b. In EPZs, it is almost always reclaimed as a recreational site. c. In the Great Lakes region, it usually attracts new industry. d. In the South and West of the United States, it usually remains vacant. e. In most poor countries, it often becomes an office park

a. In old industrial areas, it often becomes a brownfield site.

Which groups have been gaining more local power around the world is a result of devolution? a. Indigenous people b. French-speaking people c. Spanish-speaking people d. Recent immigrants from East Asia e. Recent immigrants from Syria

a. Indigenous people

Fishing, farming and forestry are considered as part of what economic sector? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Quaternary e. Quinary

a. Primary

The Industrial Revolution transformed Western agriculture a. Through mechanization and the creation of new markets b. With biotechnology c. Through technological and religious change. d. By eliminating agricultural pests e. By eliminating plant hybridization

a. Through mechanization and the creation of new markets

Which of the following is not part of vertical integration in agriculture? a. Traditional family farms b. Rail lines c. Supermarkets d. marketing/advertising e. Processing centers

a. Traditional family farms

One of the classic examples of supranationalism is the European Union (EU), because this body of member states has a. Transferred some of its powers to a central authority b. Invested all of its power in a prime minister c. A single annual election d. A single intergovernmental bank e. Required its member states not to sign international treaties

a. Transferred some of its powers to a central authority

In terms of the GII, most African countries have a. rates far below the United States and Western Europe. b. rates that exceed the United States and Western Europe owing to African investment in centers of higher learning. c. rates that are greater than the United States but less than Europe. d. core-periphery models. e. weak national economies.

a. rates far below the United States and Western Europe.

12. Which statement best explains why a large number of agricultural products are imported into the The United States from Chile? a. Inexpensive labor in Chile reduces the cost of production. b. The growing season in Chile allows U.S. consumers to have fresh fruits/vegetables in winter. c. Subsides in the United States make agricultural products less expensive. d. Improvements in agricultural technologies have increased Chile's output. e. The number of U.S. farmers has declined so significantly that the country cannot produce enough food for consumers.

b. The growing season in Chile allows U.S. consumers to have fresh fruits/vegetables in winter.

Which aspect of von Thunen's Model has changed as a result of developments in transportation? a. The market is no longer at the center. b. The width of the rings has increased c. The width of the rings has decreased d. The rings now stretch along rivers e. The model now includes a ring for transportation

b. The width of the rings has increased

A direct result of the U.S. farm crisis is a. More jobs available in the farming industry b. Less food available for consumption c. A decrease in the number of small farms d. Increased price of crops for consumers e. Higher profits for farmers

c. A decrease in the number of small farms

People who all consider themselves part of a stateless nation share all of the following characteristics EXCEPT a. A history that people remember b. A widely spoken language c. A formal government recognized by other countries d. A similar ethnic identity e. A religion that most people practice

c. A formal government recognized by other countries

The United Nations has a policy of using economic and military sanctions to limit the sovereign powers of a. Only contested states b. Humanitarian organizations such as the Red Cross c. Any country that disrupts international peace d. Only its member states e. Territories of non-member states

c. Any country that disrupts international peace

An example of a product made by a bulk-reducing industry is a. Gasoline b. Milk c. Automobiles d. Homes e. Textiles

c. Automobiles

Gerrymandering is a practice in which a political party attempts to gain an unequal advantage by a. Nominating a candidate who challenges that state's constitution b. Advocating that the electoral college be replaced by the popular vote c. Changing the boundaries of legislative district d. Electing a party chairperson who is a friend of the current president e. Seeking the support of labor unions

c. Changing the boundaries of legislative district

Which of the following is NOT a necessary criterion for a state? a. Sovereignty b. Defined boundary c. Common culture and identity d. Recognition by other states e. A permanent population

c. Common culture and identity

A nation-state is most often defined by its twin attributes of sovereignty and a. Religious tolerance b. Social democracy c. Ethnic homogeneity d. Economic prosperity e. A strong anti-terrorist policy

c. Ethnic homogeneity

The purpose of the locational triangle in Weber's model was to show where a. Different kinds of neighborhoods would be located in a city b. Various types of agriculture would be located c. Industries would decide to locate a factory d. Cities of various sizes would be located in a state or country e. Culture hearths were most likely to be located

c. Industries would decide to locate a factory

The shift of manufacturing within the United States to the South can be explained by all of the following traits of the South EXCEPT a. Lower wages b. Increased population c. More government regulations d. More land available for development e. Greater accessibility to numerous highways

c. More government regulations

Which of the following methods of farming has become more popular in response to the widespread use of pesticides in farming? a. Slash-and-burn agriculture b. Crop rotation c. Organic farming d. Shifting cultivation e. Agricultural industrialization

c. Organic farming

In the core-periphery model of global economic patterns, all of Africa is included in the periphery EXCEPT a. Zimbabwe b. Morocco c. South Africa d. Liberia e. Egypt

c. South Africa

Which is the least developed region among the following? a. North America b. Eastern Europe c. Southwest Asia d. Western and Central Europe e. East Asia

c. Southwest Asia

Which of the following best characterizes the Green Revolution? a. The Green Revolution relied solely on technology to increase crop yields following WWII. b. The Green Revolution resulted in increased biodiversity worldwide, especially in places where monocropping and high-yield varieties were prevalent. c. The Green Revolution was able to increase crop yields and food production in many locations throughout the world, but its impact on the environment, geopolitics, and the world economy has yet to be fully understood. d. There has been no major famines since the agricultural practices of the Green Revolution took hold in the 1960s. e. Much more land was put under cultivation during the Green Revolution, and this, rather than the development of high-yield varietals was responsible for the increase in food production from 1960 to 1985.

c. The Green Revolution was able to increase crop yields and food production in many locations throughout the world, but its impact on the environment, geopolitics, and the world economy has yet to be fully understood.

The gross domestic product per capita is a measure of the total goods and services produced by a country divided by that country's a. Unemployment rate b. Gross national product c. Total population d. Number of corporations e. Total number of exports

c. Total population

In democratic nations, legislators and political parties typically redraw boundaries for voting districts after the release of data from a. A national geographical survey b. A state public opinion poll c. A state primary election d. A national census e. A national study on spending patterns

d. A national census

Which lists products in the order in which they will be produced, starting closest to the market, according to von Thunen's Model? a. Grain, forest, beef cattle, dairy cattle b. Tomatoes, grain, forest, beef cattle c. Dairy cattle, beef cattle, forest d. Dairy cattle, forest, grain, beef cattle e. Forest, tomatoes, beef cattle, dairy cattle

d. Dairy cattle, forest, grain, beef cattle

Today, nations act to establish control over disputed areas of the sea primarily by a. Charting endangered species in uninhabited coastal areas b. Attending international conventions on maritime law c. Mapping uncharted areas of the world's oceans using advanced technology d. Engaging in economic activities in coastal areas and open waters e. Allocating funding to increase the size of their naval forces

d. Engaging in economic activities in coastal areas and open waters

When a sovereign state undergoes the political process of devolution, it grants some of the powers of a. Its local governments to its state governments b. Its central government to the government of another country c. Its local governments to its central government d. Its central government to its regional governments e. Its colonies to its central government

d. Its central government to its regional governments

All are stages of Rostow's Stages of Economic Growth model except a. Pre-condition for take-off b. Drive to maturity c. High mass consumption d. Late expanding e. Traditional society

d. Late expanding

The EPZs found in Mexico are known as a. Free zones b. Special economic zones c. Urban enterprise zones d. Maquiladoras e. Backwash regions

d. Maquiladoras

A federal state is likely to possess a. Citizens who favor democratic elections b. A leader with the power to revise the country's constitution c. A large amount of mineral resources d. Multiple systems of checks and balances e. A king and queen

d. Multiple systems of checks and balances

11. Which describes a change in agriculture that shows the clearest impact of development of agribusiness? a. The small-scale farming sector has grown stronger. b. The number of farmers involved in sustainable agriculture has increased dramatically c. The use of organic farming methods has increased greatly. d. The networks for production and distribution have become more efficient. e. The emphasis on local trade has increased significantly.

d. The networks for production and distribution have become more efficient.

The secondary sector of the economy includes which of the following? a. data processing b. mining c. government d. construction e. banking

d. construction

Over the past half century, the number of sovereign states in the world a. has remained approximately the same. b. has increased by a couple of dozen. c. has decreased by a couple of dozen. d. has increased by more than a hundred. e. has increased by more than a thousand.

d. has increased by more than a hundred.

The large percentage of population involved in agriculture in China indicates that a. the country imports most of its food. b. few people are unemployed. c. most people consume an inadequate amount of calories. d. most people must produce food for their own survival. e. factory production cannot expand.

d. most people must produce food for their own survival.

Silicon Valley in Northern California is famous as the home to many businesses that produce high-tech products or serve high-tech companies. This demonstrates the principle of a. Outsourcing b. post-Fordism c. Market dependence d. Back office processing e. Agglomeration economies

e. Agglomeration economies

What agricultural practice is employed by people who moved from place to place with their cattle? a. Dairying b. Intensive subsistence c. Ranching d. Shifting cultivation e. Pastoral nomadism

e. Pastoral nomadism

One example of a geometric political boundary is the a. A cultural divide between Creole and Cajun communities in New Orleans, Louisiana b. Straight line of the George Washington Bridge between New York and New Jersey c. Sharp accent of the Sierra Nevada d. Curve of Ohio's coast around Lake Erie e. Straight line between the states of Colorado and Kansas

e. Straight line between the states of Colorado and Kansas

All of the following are plantation crops EXCEPT a. Cotton b. Tea c. Sugarcane d. Rubber e. Wheat

e. Wheat

Which question would most likely be studied using the Gini index? a. Whether a country is moving closer to gender equality b. Whether religious traditions influence educational achievement c. Whether climate influences the infant mortality rate d. Whether push or pull factors are more influential on migration e. Whether the income distribution influences economic growth

e. Whether the income distribution influences economic growth

Per capita GDP is a poor indicator of which of the following? a. the approximate level of material well-being in a country b. the number of countries below the poverty level c. the distribution of wealth within a country d. the spatial distribution of global wealth e. potential for providing all citizens with a comfortable life

e. potential for providing all citizens with a comfortable life