musculoskeletal disorder

A client has a plaster cast applied to the left leg. Which of the following comments by the client following the procedure should the nurse address first? a) "My toes are stiff." b) "My toes are pink." c) "My pain is a 3." d) "My cast is still wet."

"my toes are stiff"

A female client undergoes a scheduled electroencephalogram (EEG). Which of the following post-procedure activities should the nurse carry out for the client? a) Measure the heart and the pulse rate. b) Measure the level of consciousness (LOC) of the client. c) Provide the client with adequate caffeine-rich drinks. d) Allow the client to rest and shampoo the client's hair.

Allow the client to rest and shampoo the client's hair.

Students are reviewing information about hypersensitivity disorders in preparation for class discussion the next day. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as a type IV hypersensitivity disorder? a) Allergic rhinitis b) Contact dermatitis c) Atopic dermatitis d) Anaphylaxis

Contact dermatitis

Two days after surgery to amputate his left lower leg, a client states that he has pain in the missing extremity. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? a) Administer medication, as ordered, for the reported discomfort. b) Initiate a consult with a psychologist. c) Contact the physician. d) Do nothing because it isn't possible to have pain in a missing limb.

Administer medication, as ordered, for the reported discomfort.

A client is found to have a low hemoglobin and hematocrit when laboratory work was performed. What does the nurse understand the anemia may have resulted from? Select all that apply. a) Blood loss b) Abnormal erythrocyte production c) Infection d) Destruction of normally formed red blood cells e) Inadequate formed white blood cells

Blood loss Abnormal erythrocyte production Destruction of normally formed red blood cells

Which of the following inhibits bone resorption and promotes bone formation? a) Corticosteroids b) Parathyroid hormone c) Estrogen d) Calcitonin

Calcitonin

Sixty to eighty percent of pancreatic tumors occur in the head of the pancreas. Tumors in this region obstruct the common bile duct. Which of the following clinical manifestations would indicate a common bile duct obstruction associated with a tumor in the head of the pancreas? Choose all that apply. a) Pruritis b) Jaundice c) Dark urine d) Clay-colored stools e) Weight gain

Clay-colored stools Dark urine Jaundice Pruritis

A client is being seen in the gastroenterology office where you practice nursing. He presents with an infection in the area between the internal and external sphincters. In which of the following chronic diseases is this condition commonly seen? a) Ulcerative colitis b) Irritable bowel syndrome c) Diverticulosis d) Crohn's disease

Crohn's disease

The client is planned to have a splenectomy. The nurse should prepare which medication to administer to this client? a) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) b) Factor VIII c) Pneumococcal vaccine d) Aspirin

Pneumococcal vaccine

Which action by the nurse would be inappropriate for the client following casting? a) Petal and smooth the edges of the cast. b) Handle the cast with the palms of hands. c) Circulate room air with a portable fan. d) Protect the cast by covering with a sheet.

Protect the cast by covering with a sheet.

The nurse is administering an infusion of gamma-globulin to a patient in the hospital. When should the nurse discontinue the infusion? (Select all that apply.) a) When the patient complains of flank pain b) When the patient voids 30/mL an hour c) When the patient complains of nausea d) When the patient begins to have shaking chills e) When the patient complains of tightness in the chest

When the patient complains of flank pain When the patient begins to have shaking chills When the patient complains of tightness in the chest When the patient complains of nausea

A nurse practitioner is managing the care of a patient who has gout. Choose the medication that she would prescribe as the drug of choice to prevent tophi formation and promote tophi regression. a) Zyloprim b) Benemid c) Anturane d) Uloric

Zlyoprim

A client has undergone arthroscopy. After the procedure, the site where the arthroscope was inserted is covered with a bulky dressing. The client's entire leg is also elevated without flexing the knee. What is the appropriate nursing intervention required in caring for a client who has undergone arthroscopy? a) Apply a cold pack at the insertion site. b) Apply warm compresses to the insertion site. c) Assist with performing ROM exercises. d) Provide a gentle massage.

apply a cold pack at the insertion site

A client with Guillain-Barre syndrome cannot swallow and has a paralytic ileus; the nurse is administering parenteral nutrition intraveneously. The nurse is careful to assess which of the following related to intake of nutrients? a) Respiratory status b) Gag reflex and bowel sounds c) Urinary output and capillary refill d) Condition of skin

gag reflex and bowel sounds

A classic indicator of edema and alveolar hemorrhage associated with FES is: a) Tachycardia. b) Crackles and wheezes. c) Tachypnea. d) Hyperventilation.

hyperventilation

The client returns to the nursing unit following an open reduction with internal fixation of the right hip. Nursing assessment findings include temperature 100.8 degrees Farenheit, heart rate 112 beats per minute, respiratory rate 28 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 86/58. There is no urine in the Foley catheter collection bag. The nurse interprets these findings as indicating which of the following complications? a) Osteomyelitis b) Hypovolemic shock c) Atelectasis d) Urinary retention

hypovolemic shock

Which of the following orthopedic surgeries is done to correct and align a fracture after surgical dissection and exposure of the fracture? a) Joint arthroplasty b) Arthrodesis c) Total joint arthroplasty d) Open reduction

open reduction

During a routine physical examination on a 75-year-old female client, a nurse notes that the client is 5 feet, 3/8 inches (1.6 m) tall. The client states, "How is that possible? I was always 5 feet and 1/2? (1.7 m) tall." Which statement is the best response by the nurse? a) "The posture begins to stoop after middle age." b) "There may be some slight discrepancy between the measuring tools used." c) "After menopause, the body's bone density declines, resulting in a gradual loss of height." d) "After age 40, height may show a gradual decrease as a result of spinal compression"

"After menopause, the body's bone density declines, resulting in a gradual loss of height."

The nurse is educating a patient on home care following a ganglion cyst removal of the right wrist. Which of the following statements made by the patient demonstrates that the nurse's teaching has been effective? a) "If my hand becomes numb and cool I will elevate it above my heart." b) "I will leave the dressing on until I follow up with my doctor as scheduled." c) "If my pain is not relieved I will use a heat pack and take some more medication." d) "I will notify my doctor if I develop redness and purulent drainage for 2 days."

"I will leave the dressing on until I follow up with my doctor as scheduled."

A group of students is studying for a test on traction. The students demonstrate understanding of the types of traction when they identify which of the following as an example of skin traction? a) Thomas splint b) Crutchfield tongs c) Buck's d) Balanced suspension

Buck's

A patient comes to the clinic complaining of low back pain radiating down the left leg. After diagnostic studies rule out any pathology, the physician orders a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Which medication does the nurse anticipate educating the patient about? a) Gabapentin (Neurontin) b) Amitriptyline (Elavil) c) Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) d) Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

A client suspected of having HIV has blood drawn for a screening test. What is the first test generally run to see if a client is, indeed, HIV positive? a) Schick b) CBC c) Western Blot d) ELISA

ELISA

Which of the following are chemical mediators that initiate and mediate the inflammatory response? a) Leukotrienes b) Cytokines c) Prostaglandins d) Complement

leukotrienes

A new ancillary staff member is assisting the nurse with a client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The client needs assistance with eating but doesn't require thickened liquids to aid swallowing. Which instruction should the nurse give the ancillary staff member about eating assistance? a) Clients with Parkinson's disease shouldn't have liquids; remove them from the dinner tray before serving food to the client. b) Make sure the client is sitting with the head of bed elevated to 90 degrees. c) Assist the client into a comfortable position and stay alert for coughing, which signifies aspiration. d) There are no special precautions for the client with Parkinson's disease.

Make sure the client is sitting with the head of bed elevated to 90 degrees.

A patient diagnosed with meningitis would be expected to exhibit which of the following clinical manifestations? Select all that apply. a) Nuchal rigidity b) Hypothermia c) Positive Kernig's sign d) Photophobia e) Positive Brudzinski's sign

Nuchal rigidity Positive Kernig's sign Positive Brudzinski's sign Photophobia

A patient develops a hemolytic reaction to a blood transfusion. What actions should the nurse take after this occurs? (Select all that apply.) a) Administer diphenhydramine (Benadryl). b) Collect a urine sample to detect hemoglobin. c) Begin iron chelation therapy. d) Document the reaction according to policy. e) Obtain appropriate blood specimens.

Obtain appropriate blood specimens. Collect a urine sample to detect hemoglobin. Document the reaction according to policy.

The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient who may have peripheral neurovascular dysfunction. What signs does the patient present with that indicate circulation is impaired? (Select all that apply.) a) More than 3-second capillary refill b) Pale, cyanotic, or mottled color c) Cool temperature of the extremity d) Tenting skin turgor e) Limited range of motion

Pale, cyanotic, or mottled color Cool temperature of the extremity More than 3-second capillary refill

During a routine assessment of a patient diagnosed with anemia, the nurse observes the patient's beefy red tongue. The nurse is aware that this is a sign of what kind of anemia? a) Iron deficiency b) Megaloblastic c) Autoimmune d) Folate deficiency

megoblastic

Which nursing diagnosis is most inappropriate for the client with osteoarthritis? a) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements b) Impaired physical mobility c) Deficient knowledge: symptom management d) Chronic pain

chronic pain

A 13-year-old client is brought to the emergency department. The client's mother reports that the client was struck with a baseball bat on his upper arm while diving for a pitched ball. After diagnostic tests are completed, the physician reassures the mother that her son's humerus is not broken but he has suffered another type of injury. What type of injury would you expect the physician to diagnose? a) Contusion b) Strain c) Subluxation d) Sprain

contusioj

Raymond is a 30-year-old client with a 10-year history of Crohn's disease. He is seeing the physician in the GI group where you practice nursing due to increased diarrhea and fatigue. Additionally, he has developed arthritis and conjunctivitis. What is the most likely cause of his latest symptoms? a) Staph infections b) All options are correct. c) Irritable bowel syndrome d) Crohn's disease

crohn's disease

An x-ray demonstrates a fracture in which the fragments of bone are driven inward. This type of fracture would be which of the following? a) Impacted b) Compound c) Comminuted d) Depressed

depressed

A patient is diagnosed with a fracture of a diarthrosis joint. The nurse knows that an example of this type of joint is the: a) Fifth thoracic vertebrae. b) Skull. c) Elbow. d) Symphysis pubis.

elbow

Which nursing diagnosis is most inappropriate for the client with osteoarthritis? a) Chronic pain b) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements c) Deficient knowledge: symptom management d) Impaired physical mobility

imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult patient and observes the patient has an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. What does the nurse understand this common finding is known as? a) Kyphosis b) Scoliosis c) Osteoporosis d) Lordosis

kyphosis

A nursing student asks the nurse why older adults are at risk for falls. The best response by the nurse is: a) "Bones become more fragile." b) "Muscles atrophy with aging." c) "Ligaments become lax with age." d) "Cartilage deteriorates with age."

muscles atrophy with aging

Which of the following principles apply to the patient in traction? a) Weights should rest on the bed. b) Skeletal traction is never interrupted. c) Weights are removed routinely. d) Knots in the ropes should touch the pulley.

skeletal traction is never interrupted

A 16-year-old patient is seen in the emergency room for a knee injury that happened during a basketball game. Diagnostic tests reveal torn cords of fibrous connective tissue that connect muscles to bones. The nurse knows that the patient had sustained a tear of the: a) Bursa. b) Tendon. c) Ligament. d) Fascia.

tendon

A 16-year-old patient is seen in the emergency room for a knee injury that happened during a basketball game. Diagnostic tests reveal torn cords of fibrous connective tissue that connect muscles to bones. The nurse knows that the patient had sustained a tear of the: a) Fascia. b) Tendon. c) Bursa. d) Ligament.

tendon

Which of the following points should be included in the medication-teaching plan for a patient taking adalimumab (Humira)? a) The patient should continue taking the medication if fever occurs. b) The medication is given at room temperature. c) It is important to monitor for injection site reactions. d) The medication is administered IM.

It is important to monitor for injection site reactions.