Musculoskeletal - Penny Chapter 14

Superficial lipomas may appear as all of the following:

Hypoechoic, Isoechoic or Hyperechoic to surrounding tissue Except: Anechoic

Fluid within the synovial sheath is indicative of:

Tendosynovitis

Which of the following at the site of a foreign body may produce bright echoes and therefore cause some ambiguity about the correct orientation of the object?

Air

To better evaluate the achilles tendon, the patient should be placed in what position?

Prone

A complicated baker cyst may contain a thin flap of tissue referred to as:

Pannus

Which of the following transducers would be best suited to sonographically assess for a splinter in a patient's hand?

High frequency, linear-array transducer

Sonographically, normal muscle appears as:

Hypoechoic tissue that containes linear, echogenic strands

Hyperemic flow within or around a structure is often indicative of:

Inflammation

Which of the following would be best described as a benign tumor comprised of fat?

LIpoma

All of the following will aid in the sono assessment of an Achilles tendon:

Patient lies prone, feet hanging off the end of bed, Both tendons scanned for comparison, entire tendon should be evaluated in sag and trv Except: patient is scanned in the erect position, with a small amount of pressure placed on the symptomatic side

Bullets, shrapnel and other metallic objects may cause:

comet-tail artifact

All of the following are key to identifying foreign bodies with sonography:

A linear-array tx should be used, most foreign bodies are better visualized using a standoff pad, comet-tail artifact may be seen posterior to metallic objects Except: Most foreign bodies appear hypoechoic

Tendons sonographically appear as:

Echogenic, fibrous structures connecting muscles to bone

A partial tear of a tendon typically appears as:

Focal hypoechoic areas within the tendon

A common mass found along the dorsal aspect of the hand and wrist is:

Ganglion cyst

Which of the following would be best described as a benign tumor comprised of blood vessels?

Hemangioma

Acoustic shadowing caused by bending of a sound beam at the edge of a curved reflector is referred to as:

Refractive shadowing

A standoff pad is most useful in imaging:

Superficial structures

Inflammation of the tendon and synovial tendon sheath is referred to as:

Tendosynovitis

Which of the following best describes the Thompson test?

The patient lies prone while the symptomatic calf is squeezed

A cystic mass located within the popliteal fossa is most likely a:

Baker cyst

The accumulation of synovial fluid from a weakening in the joint capsule of the knee, as seen in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis can result in a:

Baker cyst

The achilles tendon connects the:

Hell to the calf muscle

What test can be performed to determine a torn achilles tendon?

Thompson test

Which of the following is true concerning patients with a lipoma?

They feel no pain in the area of the mass

Inflammation and infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is termed:

Cellulitis

Clinical findings of a Baker cyst may mimic those of a:

DVT

All are true of ganglion cysts:

appear sonographically as an incompressible, anechoic mass with acoustic enhancement, clinically may be hard to the touch and painful, often treated with an injection of corticosteroids. Except: common mass found along the anterior aspect of the hand and wrist, between the carpals

Which of the following best describes a negative thompson test?

Calf is squeezed and the foot should plantarflex in a patient who does not have a complete tear of the achilles tendon

Clinical findings of tendonitis include all of the following:

Pain, edema, the area is warm to the touch Except: itching in the area of the tendon