Music Final

______ is a typical proverb expressing the Sub-Saharan African emphasis on social identity.

"I am, because we are"

Although this passage includes free rhythm, the identifying rhythm of this music style is represented as ______.

1&-&3-(4)-

______, ______, ______, and ______ are the four basic classifications of instruments in the Sachs-Hornbostel system.

Aerophone, chordophone, idiophone, membranophone

The omnipresent being referred to as "God" by English-speaking Christians is called ______ by Islam.

Allah

These instruments are part of the ______ ensemble. (wooden instrument that looks like a small xylophone with the sticks having red ends)

Balinese gamelan gong kebyar

These musicians perform for the ______. (several people cramped together in darkish room so camera uses flash, girl closest to camera has smirk)

Beijing Opera

______ is a research approach in which an ethnomusicologist learns to perform the music they study.

Bi-musicality

______ is regarded as the "Father of Bluegrass music."

Bill Monroe

The "high lonesome sound" is associated with ______.

Bluegrass

Samba is a popular music associated with Carnival in ______.

Brazil

The Amazon basin is largely found in ______.

Brazil

Tango originated among the "people of the seaport" area in ______.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

______ denotes a kind of heightened speech that is between speaking and singing.

Cantillation

______ is a "martial arts-dance" created by runaway slaves in Brazil.

Capoeira

______ music can best be defined as music that is learned formally with specialized training.

Classical

______ refers specifically to the Australian aboriginal cosmology.

Dreamtime

______ describes the assumption that one's own cultural patterns are normative and that those that differ are "strange," "exotic," or "abnormal."

Ethnocentrism

______ is the assumption that one's own cultural patterns are normative, while those that differ are "exotic," "strange," or "abnormal."

Ethnocentrism

Drums, such as the atumpan, are used as speech surrogates by responding to vocal phrases with rhythmic reference points.

False

Music is a universal language.

False

The Uilleann Pipes from Ireland are lung-driven.

False

______, ______, and ______ are three primary sub-categories of aerophones.

Flutes, reeds, trumpets

______ music can best be defined as music that is learned informally, primarily through observation.

Folk

______ , i.e., the "Good News," is a music genre intended to celebrate belief in Jesus Christ as the Son of God in the Christian faith.

Gospel

Byzantine chant is typical of the religious singing of the ______.

Greek Orthodox church

______ was the first country in the Caribbean islands to attain independence from colonial rule.

Haiti

______ is defined as "simultaneous variations of a single line of music."

Heterophony

______ is the major religion of Bali, Indonesia.

Hinduism

In India, cultural traditions are typically regarded as either ______ (Northern) or _______ (Southern).

Hindustani, Karnatak

The role type of the actor in this example is ______. (nearly all-gold outfit with golden Samurai weapon)

It's not 'sheng (male hero)' so maybe jing (painted-face warrior)

Bob Marley is a national icon of this country.

Jamaica

The chobo (narrator with shamisen accompaniment) is found in the ______.

Kabuki theatre from Japan

______ is a type of popular music in Thailand.

Luk thung

______ and ______ are two primary sub-categories of chordophones, as well as harps and lyres.

Lutes, zithers

______ was a major political figure from India in the twentieth century.

Mahatma Gandhi

______ is a style of vocal ensemble performance found primarily among the Zulu of South Africa.

Mbube

The geographic "center" for Islamic believers is in the city of ______.

Mecca

______ is a reference to poetry used in Hawaiian musical traditions.

Mele

______ singing utilizes "more than one pitch per syllable" of sung text.

Melismatic

______ is defined as "an organized succession of pitches forming a musical idea."

Melody

According to ethnomusicologists, why is music considered a universal, but not a universal language?

Musical activity is found in every human culture, but the meanings of such activity are interpreted differently from culture to culture, even person to person.

Spirituals in the Christian faith tend to have themes associated with the ______.

Old Testament

______ is a narrative drama found in South Korea.

P'ansori

_______ , also described as texture, refers to the organizational relationship between or among musical sounds.

Phonic structure

______, ______, ______, and ______ are the four properties of sound.

Pitch, tone quality, volume, duration

The music found at Native American powwow events is most often associated with the ______ cultural region.

Plains

______ is the predominant type of instrumental music organization found in sub-Saharan Africa.

Polyrhythm

A typical context for a performance of this music is at a(n) ______. (chanting with single drum in background)

Powwow celebration

______ were a music record label category that targeted African-American audiences.

Race Records

Check the following terminology associated with reggae music. (More than one answer.)

Rastafari, Dreadlocks, I and I, Ganja

The religion most often associated with reggae music is _____. The religion most often associated with reggae music is _____.

Rastafarianism

______, a popular music from Jamaica, is noted for the vocalist's poignant "hard edged" social commentary.

Reggae

______ describes the quantity of pitches sounded within a specific length of time.

Rhythmic density

Cape Breton fiddling originates from ______.

Scotland

The Highland pipes are the most distinctive bagpipes of ______.

Scotland

The ______ bagpipes are often used as a symbol of the British military.

Scottish

The Mandinka ethnic group is found primarily in this area.

Senegal

______ is a popular music style associated with Carnival celebrations in Trinidad.

Soca

The Zulu ethnic group is found primarily in this area.

South Africa

The dancers in this example are known as _______. (women in white dresses spinning around on a stage)

Sufi

_____ refers to the number of pitches per syllable of sung text.

Text setting

A wai khru is a ritual found in ______ that honors a student's teachers and the ancestral spirits of teachers from the past.

Thailand

______ is the most popular book used in the "shape-note" singing tradition.

The Sacred Harp

______, ______, ______, and ______ are the musical equivalents of the four properties of sound.

Tone, timbre, dynamics, rhythm

The steel drum, known as pan, was invented in ______.

Trinidad

Steel drums originated in this country.

Trinidad and Tobago

Drums, such as the atumpan, function as a speech surrogate by imitating the tonal contour and speech rhythm of a language.

True

Drums, such as the atumpan, require a high and low sound to function as a speech surrogate.

True

Piphat is a classical music from central Thailand.

True

Popular music from the "Western" world, i.e., Rock and roll, is regarded as "illegitimate" musical activity in accordance with mainstream Islamic beliefs.

True

This instrument is a(n) _______. (Guy with short dark hair and bagpipes are black and tan and there doesn't seem to be a mouthpiece on it)

Uilleann bagpipe

These instruments were invented shortly after _______. (white and red steel oil barrel drums)

World War II

The Shona ethnic group is found primarily in this area.

Zimbabwe

The term bhajan refers to ______.

a devotional song performed by Hindu lay people

The ______ is an exploratory introduction of a Hindustani instrumental raga performance.

alap

Gu qin is translated in English as "______."

ancient zither

The dancer's body paint is ______. (African tribal looking photo with black and white filter)

associated with a clan's totems

This instrument is a(n) ______. (man in blue gown and white cap playing two drums angled away from him)

atumpan

A distinctive feature of the Russian ______ is its triangular shaped body.

balalaika

The ______ is a triangular-bodied lute symbolic of Russian folk music.

balalaika

This instrument is a(n) ______. (guy playing small version of accordian in a field and bright blue sky up above)

bandoneon

The "aural focus" of this example is the _______, a musical bow. (bowed rhythm again)

berimbau

When Bulgarian singers perform close intervals, such as a minor or major second, they seek to create tension in the music ______.

by "ringing like a bell"

The ______ is the melodic pipe of any bagpipe.

chanter

Mariachi musicians typically wear elaborately decorated ______ suits.

charro

_______ is a technique used to maintain a continuous airflow on the didjeridu.

circular breathing

Boomerang are sometimes used in such performances as ______.

clapsticks

The ______ is the fundamental rhythmic pattern in Cuban son music.

clave

Check all the instruments listed that are common to Cuban son performance. (multiple answers)

claves, tres guitar, guiro, timbales, trumpet

The smaller of these drum resonators is made from ______.

coconut

Performance on the gu qin ("ancient zither") is _____.

considered a kind of sonic meditation

The role type of the actor in this example is a ______. (Women preparing for performance and has pink makeup around eyes with guy doing her hair behind her)

dan (female hero)

The Persian musical system (mode) used as the basis for composition and improvisation is known as ______.

dastgah

A(n) ______ pitch has a dominant frequency that is "singable."

definite

The "bombing" technique heard in this example refers to the ______. (sound similar to opening theme of Lion King)

descending melodic contour

The tambura is a fretless plucked lute responsible for maintaining the ______ in Hindustani classical music.

drone

The musical elements heard in this example include ______. (imitation example)

drone, melody, imitation, rhythm

In the early years of the study of world music, "armchair" scholars did not do their own ______.

fieldwork

A ______ aerophone requires an air column "split on an edge" to produce sound.

flute

Determining the ______ of a music requires an interpretation of its purpose and meaning in a given situation.

function

This is an example of a(n) ______. (nearly bald man with glasses and blue outfit with stringed instrument sitting on desk in front of him and drums in the background)

gu qin

A(n) ______ is the primary instrument used in Spanish Flamenco music.

guitar

The yang qin is a ______ from China common to the sizhu ensemble.

hammered zither

A lamellophone is a type of ______.

idiophone

A(n) ______ "itself" vibrates to produce a sound.

idiophone

The primary role of a ______ in Mandinka society (West Africa) is as an oral historian.

jali

The ______ is a free-reed mouth organ from northeast Thailand.

khaen

The ______ is a type of mouth organ common to northeastern Thai folk music and a popular style, known as phleng luk thung.

khaen

The ______ is a lute-harp used to accompany praise-singers among the Mandinka ethnic group of Senegal-Gambia.

kora

The ______ is a lute-harp, a type of chordophone common to the Mandinka people of West Africa.

kora

This instrument is a(n) ______. (guy smirking with blue robeish gown, no cap and round looking instrument)

kora

A guitar is an example of a ______.

lute

A Mongolian "throat singer" can sing two pitches simultaneously by ______.

manipulating overtones produced when sounding a low drone pitch

Capoeira is best described as a ______.

martial-arts dance

Although this is an excerpt, the closing section of this complete example is ______. (More than one answer.)

metered, composed

Raga is typically defined as ______, which can be thought of as a "composition kit" for performance.

mode

Asserting that "Beethoven died March 26, 1827," is an example of ______.

modernist scholarship

The kecak is so named for the interlocking "cak" sound the performers make to imitate the sound of ______.

monkeys

The instrument being played here is a(n) ______. (guy wearing all white with beard and under red stage light)

mridangam

The berimbau is a type of ______ used in capoeira performance.

musical bow

A corroboree is a(n) ______.

nighttime ritual found among Australian aborigines

The vocal organization of this example is based on ______. (bowed sound again)

not polyrhythm so try call and response

This music accompanies ______ dancers. (bowed rhythm)

not samba so try merengue

Asserting that "Beethoven's ninth symphony was the pinnacle of European art music performance in 1824" is an example of ______.

post-modernist scholarship

______, ______, and ______ are the three basic music elements of Javanese gamelan performance.

principal melody, periodic punctuation, melody embellishment

These performers "whirl" to ________.

reach a state of spiritual "ecstasy"

The three colors of the Ethiopian flag commonly used in reggae iconography are ______.

red, gold, green

The lead voice of a Bahamian rhyming spiritual is known as a ______.

rhymer

______ is a staple of the diet in Southeast Asia, as well as the major economic resource for most nations in the region.

rice

A "whirling dervish" is a reference to a ______.

ritual dance performed by Sufis

The Iranian ______ is a trapezoidal hammered zither.

santur

The instrument being played here is a(n) ______. (guy with legs folded in wearing a yellow top and has a moustache and almost goatee)

sarod

The melodic instruments in this example are known as ______. (loud aggressive drumming and woodwind pipe instruments playing)

siku

This instrument is a(n) ______. (guy with dark green poncho and wooden instrument with several pipes differing in length)

siku

The melodic instruments heard in this example are categorized as ______, according to the Chinese organological system. (More than one answer.)

silk, bamboo

These drums are most typical of instruments used in ______. (white and red oil barrel drums)

soca dance parties (cuz Calypso concerts was apparently incorrect)

Just before the solo vocalist enters, there is a dramatic rhythmic shift of ______.

tempo

Revolutionary Beijing Opera is associated with _______.

the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) initiated by Mao Zedong

The rhythm section in this example is known as ______. (tropical music you would hear as if a movie character just entered a tropical island resort)

the Engine Room

Harriet "Moses" Tubman was one of the key figures in association with ______.

the Underground Railroad

The lyrics of African-American spirituals often have "double meanings" associated with ______.

the Underground Railroad

The comic characters of the Beijing Opera are most easily identified by ______.

the circular white "patch" painted on their face

The "twangy" timbre of the chordophones in this example instrument is due to ______.

the membrane-face of the resonator

The "Uillean" pipes are distinctive because ______.

the performer pumps a bellows with his elbow to fill the air bag

The original tango dance of Argentina included at least ______ dancers.

three

A ______ aerophone requires the performer to "buzz" his/her lips to play.

trumpet

The European medieval lute is thought to derive from the Middle Eastern ______.

ud

Amazonian music tends to emphasize ______ performance.

unison vocal, polyrhythmic instrumental

The ethnomusicologist's credo: Music is ______, not a universal language.

universal

The ______, a common instrument in mariachi ensembles, is similar to a guitar.

vihuela

A unique aspect of pygmy music performance is the use of ______.

vocal polyrhythm

The main melodic instruments in this example include ______. (More than one answer.)

xylophones, a reed aerophone

A piano is an example of a ______.

zither