Music History Final

Know where he worked and how that impacted his composition

Pieta He used girls for his orchestra

Describe the compositional process Beethoven used

Laborious, Sketchbooks

Know the genres for which Schumann is most noted

Lieder and Piano

To whom was the Eroica originally dedicated

Napoleon

Know the name of the journal Schumann edited for 10 years

Neue Zeitschrift Für Musik

Know the German opera wrote in the last year of Mozart's life that became quite significantly important

The magic flute

Vivaldi's b/d dates

1678-1741

J.S. Bach's b/d dates

1685-1750

Handel's b/d dates

1685-1759

Know which decade gave birth the Handel's oratorios

1730s

Haydn's b/d dates

1732-1809

Mozart's b /d dates

1756-1791

Beethoven's b/d dates

1770-1827

Know the size of Bach's church orchestra

18-25

Know the typical instrumentation of a string quartet

2 violins a viola and a cello

Know the size of Vivaldi's orchestra

20-25

Know the size of Haydn's orchestra

25 instruments

Name 2 of Mozart's most important Italian operas

Don Giovanni, The marriage of Figaro

The French Revolution was inspired in part by what 3 Enlightenment ideas (3 pts)

Equality, human rights, social reform

For which family did Haydn work most of his life

Esterhazy

Know what is unique about Schumann's compositional output

He composed bunches of music organized by genre each year

What musical innovation did Mozart bring to the comic opera

He gave them important messages He added the Ensemble Finale

Know how Bach composed when working with text

He would always write the melody first

What did Haydn tell Leopold about Wolfgang

He would one day make a splash in the world

Where was Haydn born

Rohrau Austria

Know how Haydn kept abreast of current developments in music

The Esterhazy family was so wealthy that they had so many visitors from other areas and through this he was able to keep up on current events

After Haydn's "London years," he returned to his previous patron. During his final years in Eisenstadt, for which genre is he most noted

The Mass

Know who actually hired Bach for his Leipzig position

The Town Council

Who was Baron van Swieten, and why was he important

The librettist for Handel's messiah, a librarian that introduced Haydn to Handel and his oratorios

Know what ritornello form is

The ritornello would repeat at the beginning, middle, and end, framing two long episodes.

Know about the Royal Academy of Music

A joint stock company that's purpose was to produce Italian Operas

What is the Heiligenstadt Testament

A letter to his brother telling him about his deafness

KNOW the 5 major places of his employment AND the predominant genre(s) he wrote while there (5 pts)

Arstadt-organ Mulhausen-ogan Weimer-organ and cantatas Cothen-Chamber music Leipzig-Cantatas, passions, fugues

Know what new woodwind instrument emerged in the orchestra of the late 18 th century

Clarinet

Know the countries that contributed to Handel's musical development

England, Italy, Germany

Describe minuet and trio form

ABA minuet is A and trio is B

Describe rondo form

ABACA

Know what Handel composed when he 1 st went to London

Italian operas

Know what Liszt was the first pianist to do

Recital

Where was Mozart born

Salzburg

Beethoven's composition life can be divided into how many periods Name a prominent work from each of them (3 pts)

1 First symphony 2 5 symphony 3 9 symphony

Know what a song cycle is

A grouping of songs put into collections on poems by the same poet

Where was Ludwig born

Bonn Germany

Know Bach's most famous orchestral pieces (2 pts)

Brandenburg Concertos

Know how Bach learned composition

By studying scores

Know the significance of Essay on the True Art of Playing Keyboard Instruments and who wrote it

CPE Bach It was an important source of musical thought and practice of this time period

Know what genre Bach's Leipzig years created

Cantata

Know who became the chief interpreter of Schumann's works

Clara Schumann his wife

Know the things / roles for which Liszt is primarily known (2 pts - ½ each)

Concert Pianist, Conductor, Composer

Know which genre for which Vivaldi is most famous

Concerto

List 5 of the genres Chopin is noted for, and tell what each one is like (5)

Etude-addressed one specific piano technique Prelude-simpler piece meant to teach Waltzes-for amateurs to play Mazurkas-Highly polish Polonaise-Polish dance in triple meter that often had an eighth and two sixteenths on the first beat

Know the "movement-cycle" he used and who introduced it

Fast-slow-fast by Albinoni

What was unique about the finale of the 9 th symphony

First symphony to use the choir

List the four characteristics of Vivaldi concertos (2 pts)

Freshness of melody Rhythmic verve Skillful treatment of solo and orchestral color Clarity of form

Know at least 3 of the more prominent keyboard genres Bach used

Fugue, Prelude, Suite

How did Beethoven handle publishers

HIs music was in such demand, that he could choose whatever publisher he wanted to

Which famous composer taught Beethoven

Haydn

What tragedy greatly altered Beethoven's career

His deafness

Who was Mozart's first teacher

His father Leopold

How did Wolfgang absorb international influences

His fathers teachings and his frequent travels

Know Handel's most important innovation in the oratorio

His use of the chorus

Know the important tenets of the Enlightenment (2 pts - ½ each)

Human Reason, Education, Natural Law

Know why Treatise on harmony is important

It coined many terms that we use today Described the chord progression and harmony system that we use

Know the significance of The Well-Tempered Clavier

It showed the possibility of playing in every key signature

Which living Bach had the most influence on Mozart

JC Bach

Know Bach's last 3 great church works - large chorus, soloists, orchestra

Mass in B minor St matthew passion St. John Passion

List 4 salient elements of Romanticism

Melody, Emotion, individuality, Novelty

Know the work that debuted in Dublin, 1741

Messiah

What was significant about the year 1781

Mozart left his father and settled in vienna

Know which 2 Romantic arts forms were uniquely fused, especially in German-speaking countries

Music and literature

Know what Schumann turned to when his concert piano career was ended

Music criticism and composition

Describe theme and variation form

One theme that is played out in different ways

Know the name for Italian comic opera

Opera Buffa

Know the name of Italian serious opera

Opera Seria

Know what comic opera was called in France

Opera comique

Haydn's stay in London acquainted him with what genre and What were the results of this

Oratorios He wrote his own

Know where Liszt spent much of his artistic life

Paris

Around 1750, what replaced the harpsichord / clavichord as the main keyboard instrument

Piano

Know what Berlioz is most noted for

Program music and orchestration

Know what program music is

Recounts a narrative or sequence of events

Know how Bach's contemporaries regarded him

Regarded as great organist and good church composer

What are the 2 major cities in the life of Mozart

Salzburg, Vienna

Know the four leading composers of German art song (2 pts - ½ each)

Schubert, Schumann, Wolf, Brahms

Know / describe the 2 types of recitative Handel used

Simple recitative-only accompanied by continuo, set the monologue or dialogue in a speech-like fashion Accompanied Recitative-used string impression and orchestral outburst to dramatize tense situations

Know what comic opera was called in Germany

Singspiel

Know which type of concerto comprises the majority of Vivaldi's output

Solo concerto

Know the difference between solo concerto & concerto grosso

Solo-contrasting sonorities were played by the same solo instrument Grosso-Contrasting sonorities were played by different instruments or small groups of instruments

Know what the typical form for the 1 st movement of a sonata, chamber work, or symphony from the Classical period is called and Thoroughly describe it (6 pts)

Sonata form Exposition-theme 1, transition to dominant key, and then contrasting theme 2, development-journey of keys, recapitulation-recap, theme 1 transition, theme 2, stays in the same key

Know the sources for Handel's librettos

Stories from the hebrew Bible and Apocryphal Books

Haydn is most known for what 2 genres

Symphonies and string quartets

What were the genres for which Beethoven is most noted

Symphony and piano sonata

Know which genre established Vivaldi as a classical symphonist

Synfonias

What is significant about K. 626

That is Mozart's requiem and he died while he was composing it

Know how German lieder composers changed the function of the accompaniment

The accompaniment was fit to the mood of the poem and it drew out the emotion of the text

Know what England provided Handel that made it fertile for particularly his oratorios

The choral tradition

Know about John Gay and his "The Beggar's Opera"

The first opera with an english text

Explain the responsibility Romantic song composers felt to the text and how this affected their compositions

They felt that the text should drive the music and the music should reflect the text

Know the name of Rameau's famous 1722 treatise

Treatise on harmony

Know Handel's 2 most famous orchestral suites

Water music and Music for the royal fireworks

Who was Köchel

What the K stands for in Mozart's music. Cataloged the music