Music History Final
Know where he worked and how that impacted his composition
Pieta He used girls for his orchestra
Describe the compositional process Beethoven used
Laborious, Sketchbooks
Know the genres for which Schumann is most noted
Lieder and Piano
To whom was the Eroica originally dedicated
Napoleon
Know the name of the journal Schumann edited for 10 years
Neue Zeitschrift Für Musik
Know the German opera wrote in the last year of Mozart's life that became quite significantly important
The magic flute
Vivaldi's b/d dates
1678-1741
J.S. Bach's b/d dates
1685-1750
Handel's b/d dates
1685-1759
Know which decade gave birth the Handel's oratorios
1730s
Haydn's b/d dates
1732-1809
Mozart's b /d dates
1756-1791
Beethoven's b/d dates
1770-1827
Know the size of Bach's church orchestra
18-25
Know the typical instrumentation of a string quartet
2 violins a viola and a cello
Know the size of Vivaldi's orchestra
20-25
Know the size of Haydn's orchestra
25 instruments
Name 2 of Mozart's most important Italian operas
Don Giovanni, The marriage of Figaro
The French Revolution was inspired in part by what 3 Enlightenment ideas (3 pts)
Equality, human rights, social reform
For which family did Haydn work most of his life
Esterhazy
Know what is unique about Schumann's compositional output
He composed bunches of music organized by genre each year
What musical innovation did Mozart bring to the comic opera
He gave them important messages He added the Ensemble Finale
Know how Bach composed when working with text
He would always write the melody first
What did Haydn tell Leopold about Wolfgang
He would one day make a splash in the world
Where was Haydn born
Rohrau Austria
Know how Haydn kept abreast of current developments in music
The Esterhazy family was so wealthy that they had so many visitors from other areas and through this he was able to keep up on current events
After Haydn's "London years," he returned to his previous patron. During his final years in Eisenstadt, for which genre is he most noted
The Mass
Know who actually hired Bach for his Leipzig position
The Town Council
Who was Baron van Swieten, and why was he important
The librettist for Handel's messiah, a librarian that introduced Haydn to Handel and his oratorios
Know what ritornello form is
The ritornello would repeat at the beginning, middle, and end, framing two long episodes.
Know about the Royal Academy of Music
A joint stock company that's purpose was to produce Italian Operas
What is the Heiligenstadt Testament
A letter to his brother telling him about his deafness
KNOW the 5 major places of his employment AND the predominant genre(s) he wrote while there (5 pts)
Arstadt-organ Mulhausen-ogan Weimer-organ and cantatas Cothen-Chamber music Leipzig-Cantatas, passions, fugues
Know what new woodwind instrument emerged in the orchestra of the late 18 th century
Clarinet
Know the countries that contributed to Handel's musical development
England, Italy, Germany
Describe minuet and trio form
ABA minuet is A and trio is B
Describe rondo form
ABACA
Know what Handel composed when he 1 st went to London
Italian operas
Know what Liszt was the first pianist to do
Recital
Where was Mozart born
Salzburg
Beethoven's composition life can be divided into how many periods Name a prominent work from each of them (3 pts)
1 First symphony 2 5 symphony 3 9 symphony
Know what a song cycle is
A grouping of songs put into collections on poems by the same poet
Where was Ludwig born
Bonn Germany
Know Bach's most famous orchestral pieces (2 pts)
Brandenburg Concertos
Know how Bach learned composition
By studying scores
Know the significance of Essay on the True Art of Playing Keyboard Instruments and who wrote it
CPE Bach It was an important source of musical thought and practice of this time period
Know what genre Bach's Leipzig years created
Cantata
Know who became the chief interpreter of Schumann's works
Clara Schumann his wife
Know the things / roles for which Liszt is primarily known (2 pts - ½ each)
Concert Pianist, Conductor, Composer
Know which genre for which Vivaldi is most famous
Concerto
List 5 of the genres Chopin is noted for, and tell what each one is like (5)
Etude-addressed one specific piano technique Prelude-simpler piece meant to teach Waltzes-for amateurs to play Mazurkas-Highly polish Polonaise-Polish dance in triple meter that often had an eighth and two sixteenths on the first beat
Know the "movement-cycle" he used and who introduced it
Fast-slow-fast by Albinoni
What was unique about the finale of the 9 th symphony
First symphony to use the choir
List the four characteristics of Vivaldi concertos (2 pts)
Freshness of melody Rhythmic verve Skillful treatment of solo and orchestral color Clarity of form
Know at least 3 of the more prominent keyboard genres Bach used
Fugue, Prelude, Suite
How did Beethoven handle publishers
HIs music was in such demand, that he could choose whatever publisher he wanted to
Which famous composer taught Beethoven
Haydn
What tragedy greatly altered Beethoven's career
His deafness
Who was Mozart's first teacher
His father Leopold
How did Wolfgang absorb international influences
His fathers teachings and his frequent travels
Know Handel's most important innovation in the oratorio
His use of the chorus
Know the important tenets of the Enlightenment (2 pts - ½ each)
Human Reason, Education, Natural Law
Know why Treatise on harmony is important
It coined many terms that we use today Described the chord progression and harmony system that we use
Know the significance of The Well-Tempered Clavier
It showed the possibility of playing in every key signature
Which living Bach had the most influence on Mozart
JC Bach
Know Bach's last 3 great church works - large chorus, soloists, orchestra
Mass in B minor St matthew passion St. John Passion
List 4 salient elements of Romanticism
Melody, Emotion, individuality, Novelty
Know the work that debuted in Dublin, 1741
Messiah
What was significant about the year 1781
Mozart left his father and settled in vienna
Know which 2 Romantic arts forms were uniquely fused, especially in German-speaking countries
Music and literature
Know what Schumann turned to when his concert piano career was ended
Music criticism and composition
Describe theme and variation form
One theme that is played out in different ways
Know the name for Italian comic opera
Opera Buffa
Know the name of Italian serious opera
Opera Seria
Know what comic opera was called in France
Opera comique
Haydn's stay in London acquainted him with what genre and What were the results of this
Oratorios He wrote his own
Know where Liszt spent much of his artistic life
Paris
Around 1750, what replaced the harpsichord / clavichord as the main keyboard instrument
Piano
Know what Berlioz is most noted for
Program music and orchestration
Know what program music is
Recounts a narrative or sequence of events
Know how Bach's contemporaries regarded him
Regarded as great organist and good church composer
What are the 2 major cities in the life of Mozart
Salzburg, Vienna
Know the four leading composers of German art song (2 pts - ½ each)
Schubert, Schumann, Wolf, Brahms
Know / describe the 2 types of recitative Handel used
Simple recitative-only accompanied by continuo, set the monologue or dialogue in a speech-like fashion Accompanied Recitative-used string impression and orchestral outburst to dramatize tense situations
Know what comic opera was called in Germany
Singspiel
Know which type of concerto comprises the majority of Vivaldi's output
Solo concerto
Know the difference between solo concerto & concerto grosso
Solo-contrasting sonorities were played by the same solo instrument Grosso-Contrasting sonorities were played by different instruments or small groups of instruments
Know what the typical form for the 1 st movement of a sonata, chamber work, or symphony from the Classical period is called and Thoroughly describe it (6 pts)
Sonata form Exposition-theme 1, transition to dominant key, and then contrasting theme 2, development-journey of keys, recapitulation-recap, theme 1 transition, theme 2, stays in the same key
Know the sources for Handel's librettos
Stories from the hebrew Bible and Apocryphal Books
Haydn is most known for what 2 genres
Symphonies and string quartets
What were the genres for which Beethoven is most noted
Symphony and piano sonata
Know which genre established Vivaldi as a classical symphonist
Synfonias
What is significant about K. 626
That is Mozart's requiem and he died while he was composing it
Know how German lieder composers changed the function of the accompaniment
The accompaniment was fit to the mood of the poem and it drew out the emotion of the text
Know what England provided Handel that made it fertile for particularly his oratorios
The choral tradition
Know about John Gay and his "The Beggar's Opera"
The first opera with an english text
Explain the responsibility Romantic song composers felt to the text and how this affected their compositions
They felt that the text should drive the music and the music should reflect the text
Know the name of Rameau's famous 1722 treatise
Treatise on harmony
Know Handel's 2 most famous orchestral suites
Water music and Music for the royal fireworks
Who was Köchel
What the K stands for in Mozart's music. Cataloged the music