Naming Chemical Formulas (Chapter 4 Chem 105)
Polyatomic Ions
Tightly bound groups of atoms that behave as a unit and carry a charge.
Examples of Ionic Compounds 4
(NH4)2CO3 = Ammonium Carbonate
Mono-
1
Deca-
10
Di-
2
Tri-
3
Tetra-
4
Penta-
5
Hexa-
6
Hepta-
7
Octa-
8
Nona-
9
Name: N2O
Dinitrogen oxide
Ionic Bonding
Does the compound combine with two different groups? Such as metals and nonmetals?
Covalent Bonding
Does the compound combine within the same elemental groups? Such as Nonmetals and Nonmetals?
Diphosphorus Pentoxide
P2O5
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds
PCI3 = Phosphorus Tri-Chlor-ide
Phosphorus Trifluoride
PF3
Binary Ionic Compounds
Positive ion is always named FIRST. The negative Ion is second. There is no need to pay attention to the subscript numbers. Simply just recognize the elements. I.e. a. Sodium Fluoride b. Aluminum Chloride c. Lithium Oxide
Name: CBr4
carbon tetrabromide
Name: Cl2O7
dichlorine heptoxide
Name: N2Cl4
dinitrogen tetrachloride
Name: NF3
nitrogen trifluoride
Name: PCl5
phosphorus pentachloride
Name: PCl3
phosphorus trichloride
Name: SO2
sulfur dioxide
Name: SF6
sulfur hexafluoride
Name: SO3
sulfur trioxide
Name: NO2
Nitrogen Dioxide
When writing Binary Molecular Compounds...
No mono-prefix is used on the first element.
Examples of Ionic Compounds 3
LiCN = Lithium Cyanide
Carbon Tetrahydride
CH4
Examples of Ionic Compounds 2
Ca(NO3)2 = Calcium Nitrate
Examples of Ionic Compounds 1
CaCO3 = Calcium Carbonate
Name: CO2
Carbon Dioxide
Polyatomic Ions
Contains more than ONE atom
Monatomic Ion
Contains only ONE Atom.
Name: HI
Hydrogen Iodide
Tetraiodide Nonoxide
I4O9
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds 2
N2O = Dinitrogen Monoxide
Nitrogen Trioxide
NO3
Formulas of Ionic Compounds
In order for ionic compounds to be electronically neutral, the sum of the charges on the cation and anion in each formula must be zero.
Before naming Compounds...
Is it IONIC? or is it MOLECULAR (covalent)?
Sulfur Hexafluoride
SF6
NaCl
The 1st element is left as is, but the 2nd element ends with IDE. Meaning: Sodium Chloride
Rules of Ionic Compounds
The element with the positive charge is always written first! NaCl The element with the negative charge is always written second.
Polyvalent Metals
The metals that can have different charges.
