Napoleonic France

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Grand Armée

"Big army" *400,000 troops marched from France to Russia

Concordat

agreement between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII

Napoleonic Code

code of laws under Napoleon *limited liberty -freedom of press and speech *restored slavery

Sister Republics

countries under Napoleon's control, but ruled by others

The Directory

government pre-Napoleon *split power *didn't get anything done *no one liked them

Lycée

government run "public" schools (open to rich boys)

French Consulate

government under Napoleon *3 consuls *Napoleon was 1st consul *others were Abbe Sieyes and Roger Ducos

St. Helena

island off the south west coast of Africa *where Napoleon died

Battle of Trafalgar

naval defeat against Britain (best navy) -ensured British supremacy for next 100 years -forced Napoleon to retreat

Propaganda

one sided information used to convince people of a point (USED BY BONAPARTE)

Hundred Days

period of time when Napoleon tried to take over Europe after he was exiled to Elba (in the Mediterranean)

Benjamin Constant

published pamphlets attacking Napoleon *disagrees with Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte

strong military leader who gained power and became the emperor of France

Ecole Normale

teaching schools

Scorched Earth Policy

the act of Russians burning their own cities as they retreated further into their country

Continental System

the movement in which Napoleon set out to control ALL ports in Europe to stop British trade

Paris Uprising

the royalists staged protest *Napoleon was told to control them *he did, he shot them -earning him street cred.

Blockade

use of ships to block armies from invading land

Plebiscite

vote of the people in 1802 (elected Napoleon as leader for life)

Egyptian Campaign

war against (primarily) Egyptians *British navy destroyed French Fleet *Napoleon lied about the outcome

Waterloo

war against British army and Prussia *Napoleon's troops retreated *he was exiled to St. Helena where he died

Peninsular War

war between France Spain Britain and Portugal for control over the Iberian Peninsula

Coup d'etat

when Napoleon rose to power (takes on dictator's role)

How did Napoleon consolidate his power to become the Emperor of France?

He signed concordat with the pope to establish his control over the catholic church. He developed a set of laws to unify all of France. He used his battlefield experience to conquer lands, then he assigned relatives and friends to rule certain nations.

Why and how did Napoleon attempt to conquer Europe, and what was the outcome?

Napoleon attempted to conquer Europe for more power. He did this by using his strengths in warfare on land to invade numerous territories. At one point, Napoleon had created the biggest empire since Rome. However, it did not last and Napoleon was exiled twice.

Austerlitz

Napoleon crushes allied forces of Austria *successes allowed him to build biggest empire since Rome

How did Napoleon gain the support of the people?

Napoleon gained the support of the people by being an active contributor to his army and by listening to the people. He also gained support through propaganda. He lied about many things including the outcome of the Battle of Egypt.

In what ways did Napoleon stifle dissent?

Napoleon stifled dissent by limiting the people's freedom of speech and press. This way, no one could spread their negative opinions on Napoleon.

How was Napoleon able to rise to power in France?

Napoleon was able to rise to power because the Directory wasn't getting things done for the people. There were crazy bread prices and the people were not happy. Napoleon, being a rising star in the military, was popular due to his success as well as propaganda. He often lied about major matters like an outcome of a battle. Also, when Sieyès helped him form his coup d'etat, they made up a story. Although Napoleon formed the French Consulate with Sieyès and Ducos, he quickly displayed his superiority.


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