Napoleonic France
Grand Armée
"Big army" *400,000 troops marched from France to Russia
Concordat
agreement between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII
Napoleonic Code
code of laws under Napoleon *limited liberty -freedom of press and speech *restored slavery
Sister Republics
countries under Napoleon's control, but ruled by others
The Directory
government pre-Napoleon *split power *didn't get anything done *no one liked them
Lycée
government run "public" schools (open to rich boys)
French Consulate
government under Napoleon *3 consuls *Napoleon was 1st consul *others were Abbe Sieyes and Roger Ducos
St. Helena
island off the south west coast of Africa *where Napoleon died
Battle of Trafalgar
naval defeat against Britain (best navy) -ensured British supremacy for next 100 years -forced Napoleon to retreat
Propaganda
one sided information used to convince people of a point (USED BY BONAPARTE)
Hundred Days
period of time when Napoleon tried to take over Europe after he was exiled to Elba (in the Mediterranean)
Benjamin Constant
published pamphlets attacking Napoleon *disagrees with Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte
strong military leader who gained power and became the emperor of France
Ecole Normale
teaching schools
Scorched Earth Policy
the act of Russians burning their own cities as they retreated further into their country
Continental System
the movement in which Napoleon set out to control ALL ports in Europe to stop British trade
Paris Uprising
the royalists staged protest *Napoleon was told to control them *he did, he shot them -earning him street cred.
Blockade
use of ships to block armies from invading land
Plebiscite
vote of the people in 1802 (elected Napoleon as leader for life)
Egyptian Campaign
war against (primarily) Egyptians *British navy destroyed French Fleet *Napoleon lied about the outcome
Waterloo
war against British army and Prussia *Napoleon's troops retreated *he was exiled to St. Helena where he died
Peninsular War
war between France Spain Britain and Portugal for control over the Iberian Peninsula
Coup d'etat
when Napoleon rose to power (takes on dictator's role)
How did Napoleon consolidate his power to become the Emperor of France?
He signed concordat with the pope to establish his control over the catholic church. He developed a set of laws to unify all of France. He used his battlefield experience to conquer lands, then he assigned relatives and friends to rule certain nations.
Why and how did Napoleon attempt to conquer Europe, and what was the outcome?
Napoleon attempted to conquer Europe for more power. He did this by using his strengths in warfare on land to invade numerous territories. At one point, Napoleon had created the biggest empire since Rome. However, it did not last and Napoleon was exiled twice.
Austerlitz
Napoleon crushes allied forces of Austria *successes allowed him to build biggest empire since Rome
How did Napoleon gain the support of the people?
Napoleon gained the support of the people by being an active contributor to his army and by listening to the people. He also gained support through propaganda. He lied about many things including the outcome of the Battle of Egypt.
In what ways did Napoleon stifle dissent?
Napoleon stifled dissent by limiting the people's freedom of speech and press. This way, no one could spread their negative opinions on Napoleon.
How was Napoleon able to rise to power in France?
Napoleon was able to rise to power because the Directory wasn't getting things done for the people. There were crazy bread prices and the people were not happy. Napoleon, being a rising star in the military, was popular due to his success as well as propaganda. He often lied about major matters like an outcome of a battle. Also, when Sieyès helped him form his coup d'etat, they made up a story. Although Napoleon formed the French Consulate with Sieyès and Ducos, he quickly displayed his superiority.
