NAQT Questions

Japan

nt: 2018 BHSAT | Round: 13 | Number: 14 TOSSUP: Two artworks from this country appear in Manet's portrait of Zola. Two large pieces from this country stand next to the title girls in John Singer Sargent's The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit. Van Gogh compared the flowering orchards of Arles to this country, and copied several works from it. The (*) Peacock Room was inspired by art from this country, which influenced many 19th-century painters with its "sparseness" and "flatness." In Giverny [zhee-vehr-NEE], Monet's water lily pond lies below a bridge built in the style of this country. An artist from this country made a series of 36 Views that include a depiction of a Great Wave. For 10 points, name this home of the ukiyo-e artist Hokusai. =

Vietnam

"Abigail Mead" scored a film mostly set in this country, which closes with The Rolling Stones' "Paint It, Black"; in that film, Vincent D'Onofrio's character is held down and beaten with soap by Joker's squad. A film set in this country begins with The Doors' song "The End" playing as an upside-down face fades in. While filming that film set in this country, Martin (*) Sheen had a breakdown and Marlon Brando arrived too fat to play the original ending. A water buffalo is slaughtered while Colonel Kurtz whispers "the horror...the horror" at the end of that Heart of Darkness-inspired film set in—for 10 points—what setting of Full Metal Jacket and Apocalypse Now?

Overtures

A B-minor piece with this title includes Gavottes, Bourrées, and Passepieds ["pass"-PYAY], and ends with an "Echo." These pieces are divided into a slow section in dotted rhythm and a faster fugal section in a Baroque genre often dubbed "French." Three-movement Italian works in this genre called "Sinfonia" developed into the symphony. These pieces were replaced by (*) "Preludes" and "Introductions" by Richard Wagner [VAHG-nur]. A concert piece in this genre represents the Battle of Borodino by quoting the Marseillaise [mar-say-YEZ] and including real cannon shots. Operas are introduced by pieces in—for 10 points—what genre of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's The Year 1812?

Detroit

A Beaux-Arts-style art museum in this city's Midtown is home to Henry Fuseli's The Nightmare. This city's International Waterfront is home to a 73-story hotel in its Renaissance Center, as well as this city's Cobo Center. This city lies north of the Rouge River and it's home to Belle Isle Park. Berry Gordy founded a company in this city in a building nicknamed (*) "Hitsville U.S.A." This city is separated from its wealthy suburbs by 8 Mile Road. This city in Wayne County is where Motown Records was founded. It lies across from Windsor, Ontario on a namesake river that empties into Lake Erie. G.M. and Ford are headquartered in—for 10 points—what Michigan city?

"Pathetique"

A C-minor piece with this nickname has an A-flat major second movement marked "Adagio cantabile," whose theme begins "C, B-flat, E-flat." This is the nickname of a C-minor piece whose first movement alternates between an "Allegro con brio" and a "Grave" introduction in dotted rhythms. A symphony with this nickname was the first to include a dynamic marking of six Ps, and has a (*) 5-4-time "limping" waltz for a second movement. That B-minor symphony with this nickname premiered just days before its Russian composer died of possibly self-inflicted cholera. For 10 points, give this nickname of Beethoven's eighth piano sonata and Tchaikovsky's sixth symphony.

Blood

A Hindu goddess who consumes this substance goes on a rampage until she accidentally steps on her husband and bites her tongue in remorse. In the Puranas, Rakta·bija uses this substance to regenerate himself until he is killed by Kali. This substance is mixed with ground-up bones to create the fifth age of (*) humans of Aztec mythology. In the Saga of the Volsungs, consuming this substance enables Sigurd to understand the language of birds. An analog of this substance called ichor ["ICK"-er] is present in the bodies of Greek deities. For 10 points, name this substance that's consumed by vampires.

Glass

A character with this last name tells a story about creatures that die after eating so much fruit that they can't leave their feeding holes. That man with this last name then shoots himself after entertaining the girl Sybil at the beach. A church made of this material is moved by the title gamblers of Peter Carey's Oscar and Lucinda. This is the last name of (*) Franny, Zooey, and the protagonist of "A Perfect Day for Bananafish." A unicorn made of this material has its horn accidentally broken off by a "gentleman caller" visiting Laura Wingfield. A family of J.D. Salinger characters are named for—for 10 points—what material of the title Menagerie of a Tennessee Williams play?

Laws

A text named for these things proposes a society of exactly 5,040 male citizens governed by a Nocturnal Council. In an imagined speech, these things point out that Socrates has almost never left Athens, that he is like a child and a servant to these things, and that he can't benefit his children by escaping to Thessaly. Socrates does not appear in a late, 12-book dialogue titled for these things, which was Plato's (*) longest work. Socrates imagines a speech given by these things in response to Crito's claim that it is just to violate them. For 10 points, name these rules that govern polities like Plato's Republic.

Argentina

A man from this country wrote a novel whose protagonist keeps returning to Paris's Pont des Arts [paw day-ZAR]. In this country, that protagonist devises a bridge out of boards to connect two houses and deliver some nails and a drink. A man from this country created the critic Morelli, who's discussed by the Serpent Club. That man from this country wrote about Horacio Oliveira's search for (*) La Maga in a novel that can be read in any order. A man from this country wrote about an infinite series of hexagonal rooms in "The Library of Babel" and described a book that is also a labyrinth in "The Garden of Forking Paths." For 10 points, name this country home to Julio Cortázar and Jorge Luis Borges.

Virginia Woolf

A novel by this author consists of monologues by six friends of the deceased Percival interspersed with italicized descriptions of a seascape. A character created by this author compares the range of human thought to the alphabet and resents being stuck at "Q." That novel by this author of The Waves ends as the Ramsay family sail to the title place and (*) Lily Briscoe finishes a painting. The title woman of a stream-of-consciousness novel by this author admires the suicide of Septimus Smith. In an essay, she imagined "Judith Shakespeare" to show why women writers need the title space. For 10 points name this author of To the Lighthouse, Mrs Dalloway, and A Room of One's Own.

Diderot

A novel by this man makes fun of sentimental fiction and plagiarizes a long love story from Tristram Shandy. One of his dialogues centers on the Querelle des Bouffons [keh-RELL day boo-FAW] and is set in the chess players' Regency Café. The title servant of one of his books took a bullet to the knee but still insists that everything is written on a "great scroll" in the sky. He worked with a (*) physicist who wrote a "Preliminary Discourse" placing all of human knowledge into three branches. Jacques the Fatalist and Rameau's Nephew were written by—for 10 points—what French Enlightenment philosophe, who co-edited the Encyclopédie with d'Alembert?

Czech

A novel in this language analyzes itself using the musical notion of a "motif" and illustrates the notion that "What happens but once, might as well not have happened at all." In that novel in this language, a professor dies in Cambodia trying to join the "Grand March of History," and a painter shows her originality by wearing a (*) bowler hat. This language was used for a play in which Helena fights for the rights of Dr. Gall's title automatons. A novel in this language depicts the lives of Tereza and Tomas during a 1968 revolution. For 10 points name this Eastern European language used by Karel Čapek in R.U.R. and Milan Kundera in The Unbearable Lightness of Being.

Dark

A photomultiplier tube that registers a signal without actually detecting a photon records this kind of "count." This adjective describes a substance whose constant energy density leads to an exponentially growing cosmic scale factor. The cosmological constant describes one substance known by this adjective, while (*) MACHOs and WIMPs are proposed examples of another. A form of energy driving the accelerating expansion of the universe is described by this adjective, as is a substance forming 27% of the observable universe. For 10 points, give this adjective describing exotic matter that does not interact with radiation, and hence does not emit detectable light.

Piano

A piece in this genre surprisingly begins with a soft, eight-note, solo G-major chord, most of which is then repeated four times as part of the main theme. In Mozart's works in this genre it's common practice for one member of the ensemble to play unwritten basso continuo. Edvard Grieg wrote his only work in this genre in imitation of Robert Schumann's A (*) minor work in it. Mozart wrote 27 numbered pieces in this genre and, like cello sonatas, Beethoven wrote five pieces in this genre. In Mozart's "Jeunehomme" and Beethoven's "Emperor" works in this genre, the soloist enters shockingly early. For 10 points, name this orchestral genre with a keyboard soloist.

Minimalism

A piece in this style consists of eleven numbered sections framed by two movements titled "Pulse." This style was used on the album A Rainbow in Curved Air. An outgrowth of this style uses tape recordings or multiple performers to make identical music go in and out of phase with itself. This style has been used in "tintinnabular" works like Spiegel im Spiegel by (*) Estonian contemporary composer Arvo Pärt. Exemplified by Music for 18 Musicians, it was pioneered by the open-ended piece In C by Terry Riley. For 10 points, name this style of music by Steve Reich, John Adams, and Philip Glass, which is extremely repetitive and simplified.

The Amazons

According to Book 11 of the Aeneid, this group may include a member of the Volsci named Camilla; at various other times, the leader of this group is named as Myrina. During the nightmarish last days of the Trojan War, a leader of this group is killed by Achilles, who weeps over the corpse. During a great battle against Heracles and Theseus, many of their members are killed, including, according to some sources, (*) Pen·the·silea [pen-theh-zih-LAY-uh]. For his ninth labour, Heracles retrieves the belt of one of these people named Hippolyta. These people are said to cut off their right breasts to shoot arrows better. For 10 points, name this tribe of warrior women in Greek mythology.

A Raisin in the Sun

Act 1 of a 2011 sequel to this play depicts a couple selling their house in 1959 after their son Kenneth commits suicide. A man in this play yells "I live the answer!" while arguing with a woman for depending on her father's death. Bruce Norris wrote a sequel to this play, in which a woman is scolded for straightening her hair and yells "Ocomogosiay!" while dancing. Joseph (*) Asagai courts Beneatha in this play. Karl Lindner tries to buy its protagonist out of his liquor store after he gets an insurance check and tries to moves to Chicago's Clybourne Park. The Youngers try to move to a white neighborhood in—for 10 points—what play by Lorraine Hansberry?

The Underworld

After leaving this place, a protagonist holds a funeral for his nurse, Caieta. A poetic protagonist is told how to get to this place by a woman whose mythologically-decorated temple doors don't depict the death of Icarus because they were designed by Daedalus. A "hesitant" or "lingering" plant that contradicts a Sibylline prophecy possibly signifies that a (*) hero is not quite ready to go to this place. This place is left through a gate of "false dreams" made of ivory in the katabasis of Book 6 of the Aeneid. Two doves help Aeneas find the golden bough he uses to enter this place. For 10 points, name this place where Aeneas sees the ghost of Dido.

Shipwreck

After one of these events, William Thomas Turner was investigated by the Board of Trade for not "zig-zagging." Robert Lansing took his highest office in the aftermath of one of these events. The Marconi radio company received a massive publicity boost for its role in a (*) 1912 one of these events. Robert Ballard is best-known for exploring the sites of these events. William Jennings Bryan resigned after one of these events that hastened America's entry into WWI, since British propagandists claimed that the Germans' U-20 had targeted a completely civilian vessel. For 10 points, name this type of disaster that befell the Lusitania and the Titanic.

Deaths

After one of these events, the practices of tahara are typically overseen by a local hevra kadisha. This kind of event is followed by the shloshim, and yizkor prayers are said following them. After one of these events, some people make a keriah by ripping their shirt, and they do not wear leather, shower, or shave for seven days. Traditionally, the Sh'ma is supposed to be the last thing recited before this kind of event. These events are annually (*) commemorated using a yahrzeit candle. After one of these events, relatives "sit shiva" and say the Kaddish for 11 months. For 10 points, name this kind of event immediately followed by a Jewish funeral.

Rum

After the battle of Trafalgar, Horatio Nelson's body was supposedly sent back to England in this substance. The New South Wales Corps gained its nickname due to its stranglehold on distribution of this product. The Captain during the Mutiny on the Bounty, William Bligh, was deposed as governor of New South Wales in an 1808 (*) Rebellion named after this substance. In the triangle trade, this was the Caribbean's main export to Africa, since sugar was sent to Europe and its colonies. Pirates consumed this product as bumbo, while the Royal Navy mixed it with water to make grog. For 10 points, name this alcoholic drink made from molasses.

Sound waves,

An analogy that compares these phenomena to electrical signals defines their impedance as the ratio of pressure to flow rate. Hermann von Helmholtz names a kind of cavity that amplifies these phenomena at a particular frequency. A parameter governing these phenomena marks the onset of choked flow in compressible fluids. These phenomena travel at a (*) speed proportional to the square root of air pressure over air density, which works out to about 343 meters per second in room-temperature air. Objects moving faster than these phenomena have a Mach number greater than 1. For 10 points, name these longitudinal waves whose intensity is measured in decibels.

Surrealism

An artist from this movement made namesake cameraless photograms by placing objects directly on photosensitive paper. That artist from this movement created an "Object to Be Destroyed" and Le Violon d'Ingres. Another artist from this movement used (*) Mae West's face as the basis for an apartment including a sofa shaped like a pair of lips. An artist from this movement attached a photo of an eye to the arm of a metronome, and made a photo of a woman's back with a violin's F-holes added. Another artist from this movement painted melting clocks in his The Persistence of Memory. For 10 points, name this movement of Man Ray and Salvador Dalí.

German

An opera in this language includes a repeated motive that quickly goes up the first five notes of a major scale. That opera in this language displays the influence of Freemasonry in its opening scene, where three ladies kill a serpent. In an opera in this language, the Drum-Major seduces Marie, who is stabbed by the title soldier. In another opera in this language, some bells are given to the (*) bird-catcher Papageno. That opera in this language includes coloratura high Fs sung by the Queen of the Night, who doesn't want Pamina to marry Tamino. For 10 points, name this language of Alban Berg's Wozzeck [VOTT-tzeck] and Mozart's The Magic Flute.

Justice

Aristotle argued that this concept's opposite always arises from pleonexia. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle analyses one species of this concept in terms of geometric proportions, while he calls the other "rectificatory." In an earlier text, Thrasymachus claims that this concept is really only "the advantage of the (*) stronger." A definition of this concept is supported by Glaucon's story of the Ring of Gyges. This concept is finally defined as "minding one's own business" after definitions like "doing good to friends and harm to enemies" are rejected in Book IV of Plato's Republic. For 10 points, name this concept that Aristotle related to equality and fairness.

Elijah

At Mount Horeb, this man does not hear God in an earthquake, wind, or fire, but only in a "still, small voice." This Tishbite later performed a miracle by giving endless flour and oil to a widow in Zarephath. This man defeated the servants of Baal by calling down fire from heaven. Jesus compares John the Baptist to this prophet, who appeared with Moses and Jesus on the Mount of (*) Transfiguration. In First Kings, this prophet clashes with King Ahab and Queen Jezebel. On Passover, Jews leave out a "cup" for this prophet, since he will return with the Messiah. For 10 points, name this Biblical prophet, who was succeeded by Elisha after God whisked him away in a chariot of fire.

Uranus

Because this god and his children hate each other, he hides them all inside of his mother's body, which causes her to become congested and moan in agony. According to the Works and Days, this god's son is the ruler of the Golden Age. Orphic texts strangely name Aether [EE-thurr] as the father of this deity, who is the Greek analogue of the Roman god (*) Caelus [SEE-luhss]. The blood of this deity blisters into the Me·li·ae [MEH-lee-AY], or hazel nymphs, as well as into the Furies. The goddess Aphro·dite foams out of this god's genitals after he's castrated by the sickle of his jealous son Cronus. For 10 points, name this primordial Greek god of the sky.

Wine

Before saying a prayer about this thing, it's traditional to cover or remove challah from the table. The Havdalah candle is traditionally extinguished using this substance. A small amount of this substance is usually administered right before a bris. This substance is blessed by saying "Borei Pri HaGafen." Shabbat is celebrated using two candles, two loaves of challah, and this substance. This is the flagship product of (*) Manischewitz ["man"-ih-SHEH-vitz]. The kiddush is said over this substance, which is dropped onto one's plate to represent the 10 plagues. The Passover seder is organized around four cups of—for 10 points—what alcoholic drink?

18th Century

Book 5 of a novel from this century describes a girl named Sophie and claims that "the whole education of women ought to be relative to men," while men's education ought to help them stay "natural." A political manifesto from this century was rewritten from a feminist standpoint by (*) Olympe de Gouges [oh-"LAMP" duh GOOZH]. In this century, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman was written by Mary Wollstonecraft in response to the sexist ideas on education put forth in the novel-treatise Émile, which was published alongside The Social Contract in this century. For 10 points, name this century when Catherine the Great exchanged letters with Voltaire.

Russian doping scandal

Bryan Fogel's documentary Icarus describes his meeting with a major figure in this scandal. Samuel Schmid was the chair of a group that looked into this controversy, which was also investigated by the Oswald Commission. A person involved in this scandal described how materials were passed from Room 125 to Room 124 through a hole in the wall; that person was the doctor (*) Grigory Rodchenkov, and the materials were urine samples. This controversy led to an important December 2017 decision by the IOC. For 10 points, identify this scandal that led to a certain country's exclusion from the 2018 Winter Olympics.

Art songs

Description acceptable. A D-minor piece in this genre uses a "circling" right-hand figure and a "thumping" left-hand figure to depict both the title object and the title girl's heart. Another piece in this genre uses different registers to represent three characters and uses pounding octave Gs in the right hand to depict a galloping horse. A set of these works begins "A stranger I arrived..." or "Fremd bin ich eingezogen" [fremt BIN eekh eyen-gu-TZOH-gen] in the piece (*) "Gute Nacht" [GOO-tuh nakht]. "Gretchen am Spinnrade [SHPIN-rah-duh]" and "Erlkönig" [EHRL-kur-nikh] are among Franz Schubert's over 600 works in this genre, including Winterreise, a "cycle" of them. A piano typically accompanied—for 10 points—what basic genre of solo vocal music?

Intelligence

External factors impacting this concept were studied by J. McVicker Hunt. Aspects of this concept were grouped into seven "clusters" by L.L. Thurstone. The "triarchic" theory of it proposed by Robert Sternberg simplifies Howard Gardner's theory that there is no one "g-factor," but rather (*) "multiple" versions of this concept. A popular way of measuring this concept is named for David Wechsler. Measures of this concept gradually rise in the Flynn effect. Social success is based on the "emotional" form of this concept. The Stanford-Binet test measures—for 10 points—what capacity's namesake "quotient"?

Sichuan

Food from this province has been the main focus of author Fuchsia Dunlop. Natives of this province use a broadbean chili paste in a dish whose name literally refers to a "pockmarked lady." Chongqing [chong-CHING] was carved out of this province, which lies north of Yunnan and east of (*) Tibet. This province is home to over 80 percent of the world's wild pandas. Its natives use a namesake "hot and numbing" peppercorn to make dishes like Mapo Dofu and Kung Pao chicken. For 10 points, name this province of China with capital Chengdu, home to a namesake spicy cuisine.

Power

For an ideal dipole antenna, dividing this quantity by current-squared gives the radiation resistance. For an electromagnetic wave, the amount of this quantity per unit area is given by the Poynting vector, and in general its amount per unit area is given by intensity. For a purely resistive load, this quantity's RMS value is exactly half its peak value. For a resistor, this quantity is equal to "I (*) squared times R" according to Joule's heating law. This quantity equals current times voltage for electrical systems. In general, it is the time derivative of work. The amount of energy consumed per unit time is—for 10 points—what quantity measured in watts?

Newton's second law of motion

Hamilton's equations are equivalent to this law but contain only first-order derivatives. The Euler-Lagrange equations are second-order, like this law, and can be used to derive it from the principle of least action. For a rocket, this law contains a term equal to the relative exhaust velocity times the time derivative of the (*) mass. Integrating this law over time gives the impulse delivered by a force, since the right-hand side contains the time derivative of momentum. The English inventor of calculus discovered—for 10 points—what law, which states that the force on a body equals its mass times its acceleration?

Winter

In Chapter 6 of a novel titled for this time period, the narrator introduces himself to a woman as "Alex Zinnober." Before Act 4 of a "problem play" titled for this time period, a character explains the passage of 16 years, in which a shepherd raised the princess of Sicily. It titles a novel in which Uzzi Tuzii argues with another professor about if a text is from Cimmeria. A statue comes to (*) life and Antigonus goes to the "Coast of Bohemia," where he "exits, pursued by a bear" in a play titled for this time period, which titles an Italo Calvino novel about You the Reader. Leontes's wife Hermione comes back to life in a Shakespeare "tale" titled for—for 10 points—what season?

Fish

In Mesopotamian legend, these animals form the bodies of a group of seven sages called the apkallu. In Japanese folklore, the god Kashima restrains one of these animals named Namazu, who causes earthquakes whenever it breaks free. The head of a goat and the body of this animal characterizes Capricorn, the namesake of the constellation. In an Irish myth, one of these animals (*) eats nine hazelnuts that fall into a well. This animal form is taken by Vishnu's first avatar, Matsya. While cooking one of these animals, Finn MacCool burns his thumb. For 10 points, name this type of animal represented by the constellation Pisces.

Franz Liszt

In a D-flat major etude, this composer has the left hand cross over in the middle of each arpeggio to play every other note of the melody. Another of his pieces features a recurring high D-sharp that has to be reached by huge, fast jumps. He included "Au lac de Wallenstadt" in a collection divided into "Switzerland," "Italy," and "Third Year." This composer of "Un sospiro" included a (*) Dante Sonata in his Années de Pèlerinage and borrowed from fellow virtuoso Paganini in pieces like "La Campanella." This composer of "Liebestraum No. 3" inspired a namesake "mania." For 10 points, name this pianist who wrote the Transcendental Etudes and Hungarian Rhapsodies.

Apple

In a Slavic myth, one of these objects is stolen every night by a mysterious culprit whom the tsar orders hunted down and defeated. Some of these objects are held onto by a group that includes Aegle [EE-glee], Ery·theia ["airy"-THEE-ah], and a hundred-headed dragon. In Greek myth, these objects are used as distractions during a (*) footrace instigated by Hippo·menes [hih-PAW-muh-neez]. In Latin, the word for one of these objects is nearly homophonous with the word for "evil." In Norse mythology, these objects are guarded by Bragi's wife Idunn. The Garden of the Hesperides [heh-"SPARE"-ih-deez] is home to "golden" varieties of—for 10 points—what fruit that was awarded to Aphrodite in the lead-up to the Trojan War?

Jonathan Swift

In a novel by this author, the protagonists pick the letters "SHOULDER KNOTS" out of their father's will to justify updating their coats. That novel by this man includes a "Digression on Madness." In another of his novels, the title character sails on the Adventure to the coast of America. The title character of that novel by him starts off on the (*) Antelope as a surgeon. One of his novels stars Peter, Martin, and Jack, who represent Calvin, Luther, and St. Peter. The title character of his most famous novel encounters a race of talking horses and steals the fleet of Blefuscu to aid the Lilliputians. For 10 points, what Irish satirist wrote A Tale of a Tub, A Modest Proposal, and Gulliver's Travels?

The Necklace

In a story that reverses the plot of this story, Mrs. Guy buys a memento after Charlotte Prime's cousin Arthur sells it. In this story, the protagonist's husband gives up a large sum he was going to spend on a gun so that protagonist can buy a dress for the Ministry of Education ball. Henry James's "Paste" reverses the plot of this story. When its protagonist (*) loses the title object, she tells Madame Forestier [faw-"rest"-YAY] that it is being repaired so that she has time to buy a replacement. Mathilde Loisel [mah-TEELD lwah-ZELL] spends ten years paying off her debts before learning that the title accessory was a fake in—for 10 points—what story by Guy de Maupassant [GHEE duh moh-pa-SAW]?

Viola Davis

In an early role, this actress says "why you gotta know something like that for sure when you don't," in a monologue where she repeats "it's just till June." Despite having only one scene, she was nominated for Best Supporting Actress for playing Donald's mother in Doubt. In a 2011 film, her character works for the "Godless woman" Elizabeth and helps Skeeter write about her fellow (*) maid, Minny. In a 2016 film, this actress gained attention for "snot-crying" as Rose Maxson, the wife of the garbageman Troy. For 10 points, name this black actress who played Aibileen in The Help, stars in How to Get Away With Murder, and starred opposite Denzel Washington in Fences.

Paris

In the foreground of a painting set in this city, light and dark patches of shadow from trees cover a woman in a floral hat leaning over her sister, who sits on a green bench wearing a blue and pink striped dress. A salon in this city where many modernists met was hosted by Gertrude (*) Stein. At the far right of a painting depicting a bar in this city, a woman with an eerie greenish face stares outward. At a riverbank in this city, a woman is depicted with a monkey on a leash in a large Pointillist painting. For 10 points, name this city George Seurat painted in A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte.

Tess Durbeyfield

In the fourth chapter of the novel, this character claims that she and her brother live on a "blighted" star. She then dreams of a "gentlemanly suitor" while driving, accidentally killing the family horse, Prince. This character's wedding is marred by the ominous afternoon crowing of a rooster. She meets her husband while working for Richard Crick at the Talbothay's dairy; that husband later flees (*) Wessex for Brazil. This sister of Liza-Lu flees to Stonehenge after being raped and becoming pregnant with the child Sorrow. She's executed after stabbing her rapist, Alec. Angel Clare marries—for 10 points—what title descendant of the d'Urbervilles in a Thomas Hardy novel?

Cry, the Beloved Country

In this novel, an outsider starts putting sticks with little flags in the ground, and the protagonist is taken to a colony of blind people who weave baskets. In it, a man fascinated with Abraham Lincoln is killed by a gang including the protagonist's nephew Matthew. In this novel, a priest's sister is called "sick" for selling moonshine and prostituting herself. At its opening, the protagonist gets a letter about (*) Gertrude from fellow priest Theophilus Msimangu. The protagonist of this novel leaves Ndotsheni to see the trial of his son Absalom, who murdered Arthur Jarvis. Stephen Kumalo travels to Johannesburg in—for 10 points—what novel by Alan Paton?

Jainism

In this religion, the "living substance" is contrasted with the substances of motion, rest, atoms, space, and sometimes time. In this faith, the story of the blind men and the elephant is used to illustrate a concept of "non-one-sidedness." This faith is represented by a logo including a crescent moon above three dots, all above a hand with a wheel on the palm. Members of this religion try to achieve correct knowledge, faith, and conduct. One of its sects believes that women can't attain moksha and that monks should be (*) nude. Its monks use a broom to avoid killing insects. 24 tirthankaras, including Mahavira, founded—for 10 points—what Indian religion based on nonviolence, or ahimsa?

Constant

Inside a dielectric sphere in a uniform electric field, the polarization depends on this function of angular position. In an ideal LC circuit, the sum of the energy stored in the inductor and the capacitor changes with this function of time. Near an infinite uniform plane of charge, the electric field varies with the distance from the plane in (*) this way. While the kinetic and potential energies of an undamped harmonic oscillator vary sinusoidally, the total energy depends on time in this way. The voltage delivered by a DC power source varies with time in this way. For 10 points, how does the total amount of a conserved quantity change in time?

Barcelona

It's not London, but this city is home to a cucumber-shaped skyscraper with LEDs on its windows, designed by Jean Nouvel. A Diagonal Avenue cuts through this city's "extension," built next to its Gothic Quarter. This city is home to the stadium Camp Nou and the Palace of the Generalitat. A church in this city has "Nativity" and "Passion" façades that were completed in (*) 1930 and 1976. For this city's 1929 International Exposition, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe designed a namesake pavilion. Markets line its pedestrian street Las Ramblas. This city is home to Lionel Messi's soccer team. Antonio Gaudí's Sagrada Familia is being built in—for 10 points—what capital of Catalonia?

Hephaestus

Many of this god's sons were worshipped in Samo·thrace as the cult of the Cabeiri. In Book 21 of the Iliad, this deity battles the river god Scamander. When this god's semen falls onto the earth, it is absorbed by Gaia, who proceeds to become pregnant with Erich·thonius. In Hesiod's Theo·gony, this god's wife is listed as (*) Aglaea. This father of Periphetes [puh-RIH-fuh-teez] uses a cursed chair with invisible chains to ensnare his mother Hera; in another myth, this god exposes an affair between his wife Aphro·dite and her lover Ares. For 10 points, name this Greek god of the forge.

Achebe

Michael fails to modernize a school in this author's short story "Dead Men's Path." In a novel by this author, a sacred python is almost killed in a village that John Goodcountry converts to Christianity, and where Captain Winterbottom is known as "breaker-of-guns." A character created by this author is guided by his personal god, or chi, and gains fame after (*) wrestling "the cat." In that novel by this man, the protagonist's gun accidentally explodes, causing his family to be exiled for seven years. The protagonist of his first novel breaks the Week of Peace and helps execute his foster son Ikemefuna. For 10 points, name this Nigerian author of Arrow of God and Things Fall Apart.

Penguins

Minigames played by these animals include DJ3K and Pizzatron 3000, both of which were invented by Gary the Gadget Guy. In Super Mario Galaxy, the ray surfing mini-game takes place in galaxies inhabited by these animals. In Super Mario 64, you get stars by returning a baby one of these animals to its mother, and racing down a slide against another of them, to beat the level (*) "Cool, Cool Mountain." A game named for these animals had an "Ultimate Safe Chat" mode and famously strict banning rules for profanity. These birds named a cartoon-style MMO featuring pets called "puffles." In 2017, Disney shut down a game named for—for 10 points—what birds' "Club"?

Eight

Neopagans celebrate this many seasonal festivals collectively known as "The Wheel of the Year." A member of a group of this many people had a dream in which he became rich and famous then lost all of his wealth, all of which occurred when he fell asleep cooking yellow millet. A set of this number of blessings opens the Sermon on the Mount. A set of this many doctrines begins with (*) "right view" and "right resolve." This is the number of Beatitudes. Daoists revere a group of this many "Immortals." A doctrine named for this number is the last of the Four Noble Truths. Nirvana can be achieved through a "Noble" path of—for 10 points—what number of parts?

New England Patriots

Nickerson Field and Alumni Field served as temporary homes for this team, which was the eighth and final franchise of the AFL. This team was owned by James Orthwein until 1994. A player for this team claimed that the other team "made one good play" all game despite scoring (*) 41 points. This team holds the record for most yards in a playoff game, despite losing that game. Players for this team owned by Robert Kraft include Dont'a Hightower and Julian Edelman. This team triggered both the "Spygate" and "Deflategate" controversies in recent years. For 10 points, name this football team coached by Bill Belichick who lost to the Philadelphia Eagles in the 2018 Super Bowl.

Antimatter

On Feynman diagrams, lines denoting particles of this substance bear leftward- or downward-pointing arrows. While baryons typically contain none, all mesons have exactly one particle of this substance. The Sakharov conditions explain the asymmetry that leads to the universe's deficiency of this substance. In the most common type of pair production, the (*) positive particle is this type of substance. This substance was initially understood as negative energy "holes" in the Dirac sea, since particles of it have the same mass but opposite charge to their counterparts. Positrons are an example of—for 10 points—what stuff that annihilates normal matter when they come into contact?

Black Mirror

On this show, a man throws a vase at his wife in a drunken argument over a pregnancy, after which she puts a Z-Eye block on him. This show often features the song "Anyone Who Knows What Love Is." A character on this show mocks another's Labour Party platform as the animated bear (*) Waldo. In one of its episodes, people ride exercise bikes to earn "Merits." Everyone is rated from 1 to 5 in its episode "Nosedive." On this show, Kelly falls in love with Yorkie, who turns out to be a locked-in old woman "living" in the simulated town of San Junipero. Technology's impact on society is examined in—for 10 points—what Twilight Zone-like British sci-fi show on Netflix?

DREAMers

One of the first of these people was a musician named Tereza Lee, whose name was frequently mentioned by Dick Durbin. A Splinter article about why "you should stop using this term" mentions that this term is "rooted in exceptionalism" and separates "deserving" from "undeserving." In September 2017, a group of protesters described by this term chanted "we are not a (*) bargaining chip" at a town hall held by Nancy Pelosi. This term refers to people who presented their GED or high school diploma and paid a $495 fee to obtain temporary legal status. For 10 points, give this term often used to refer to young undocumented immigrants under the DACA program.

House-elves

One of these characters stops screaming "won't, won't, WON'T" after the protagonist unthinkingly tells him to "shut up!" A group of these characters are first met after the protagonist tickles a pear in a painting. One of these characters wears a massive pile of the hats a main character knits as part of a one-person organization (*) "promoting" their "welfare." In Deathly Hallows, one of these creatures is stabbed in the chest and buried with an epitaph emphasizing that he was "FREE," since the sock thrown at him by Lucius Malfoy counted as giving him clothes. For 10 points, name these enslaved creatures from Harry Potter, which include Kreacher and Dobby.

Athletes

One of these people is depicted in the Diadumenos of Polykleitos. Another of these people is depicted in the Apoxyomenos, or Scraper of Lysippos. A sculpture depicts one of these people with his left arm on his right knee, his left foot back, his whole body leaning forward, and his head turned back toward his right arm, which is thrown back (*) holding the title object. Myron's Discobolus depicts one of these people who, like gods and warriors, were almost always depicted nude. For 10 points, name this kind of competitor, one of whom Myron depicted throwing a discus.

Wells

One of this author's novels predicted the heavy bombings of World War II and centers on a "Dictatorship of the Air" that eradicates all religions and makes English the world's official language. This author of The Shape of Things to Come wrote a wildly popular Outline of History. In a novel by this author, Thomas Marvel and Dr. Kemp discover the (*) physicist Griffin's plans to use his new-found ability to terrorize people. Weena, an Eloi, is killed in another novel by this author, in which the protagonist visits the year 802,701 A.D. For 10 points, name this English author of science-fiction novels like The Invisible Man and The Time Machine.

Jonson

One of this author's plays begins with the title character hailing "the world's soul" while standing in front of his gold. Another of his plays is titled for an event featuring an unlicensed Puritan sermon and a puppet show by a playwright whose name refers to his lack of talent. In a play by this author, "Captain Face" convinces Doll Common and (*) Subtle to help him run a con during a plague. He wrote a play in which Peregrine befriends Sir Politic Would-Be, and three men are each convinced by Mosca that they are the heir to the title man's wealth. For 10 points, name this 17th-century English author of Bartholomew Fair, The Alchemist, and Volpone.

Arthur Miller

One of this man's characters thinks that her son must be alive because November 25th was his "favorable day." In that play by this man, children play the game "jail" in a front yard where Frank Lubey tries to use horoscopes to find a missing soldier. In a play by this man, Ann Deever gets engaged to Chris Keller, whose reading of his brother Larry's suicide note forces their father to admit to having sold faulty (*) airplane parts that killed 21 pilots. Another of his plays ends with the title man's funeral after he crashes his car for the life insurance money. Happy and Biff are the sons of Willy Loman in that play by this author of All My Sons. For 10 points, who wrote Death of a Salesman?

John Coltrane

One of this man's songs begins with the major chords "B D, G B-flat, E-flat" in three quick bars. This man punningly remade Miles Davis's "Tune Up" into another song with a major-third-based progression. He worked with Eric Dolphy on albums for Impulse Records like Africa/Brass. Pianist McCoy Tyner played on an album by him consisting of the tracks (*) "Pursuance," "Restitution," "Psalm," and "Acknowledgement." He played sax next to Cannonball Adderley on Kind of Blue, and included tracks like "Countdown" and "Naima" on an album made seven years before his 1967 death. For 10 points, name this saxophonist behind Giant Steps and A Love Supreme.

Nuclear Fusion

One type of this process is enabled by the existence of an excited state of carbon-12 proposed by Fred Hoyle. In 1989 Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons controversially claimed to have carried out a low-temperature type of this process. This process can be performed either by inertial confinement in a hohlraum, or by magnetic confinement in a (*) tokamak. This process is energetically favorable for elements lighter than iron. In stars, this process takes place via the proton-proton chain and produces helium from hydrogen. For 10 points, name this process in which nuclei combine and release energy, contrasted with fission [FISH-un].

Catch 22

Over Thanksgiving dinner, this novel's protagonist attacks the idea of a God who would include "phlegm and tooth decay" in his Creation. In this novel, a businessman disguises his one-man company by adding an ampersand to its name. In this novel, a Henry Fonda look-alike jumps out of windows to avoid talking to other officers. "Everybody has a share" in a scheme in this novel that buys (*) eggs in Malta for 7 cents and sells them in mess halls for 5. Its protagonist wants to be discharged for insanity, but has to keep flying missions due to the title paradox. Milo Minderbinder, Major Major, and Yossarian star in—for 10 points—what satirical war novel by Joseph Heller?

Java

Overcrowding on this island was partially relieved through the "Transmigration program." This island is namesake of the slower of two types of music that use the scales pelog and slendro. It's the more southern of two islands that name a critically endangered species of rhinoceros. It's home to the massive 9th-century temples of (*) Prambanan and Borobudur. The first Homo erectus fossil was found on this island. In the 16th century, most of this island's Hindus emigrated to neighboring Bali. Krakatoa is located between it and Sumatra. For 10 points, name this Indonesian island home to Jakarta.

Republic of Madagascar

Periwinkle species native to this country have been used to treat illnesses including Hodgkin's disease and leukemia. This country is home to a carnivorous animal similar to cats and mongooses, called the fossa. The traveler's palm is featured on the national emblem of this home to the 19th-century Canal des (*) Pangalanes. Most species of baobab trees are native to this country. Along with Indonesia, this country is the world's largest producer of cloves and vanilla. Mayotte lies southeast to this home of the Merina ethnic group, who speak Malagasy. Lemurs are found on—for 10 points—what large island country that the Mozambique channel separates from southeast Africa?

Area

The magnetic moment of a loop of wire is equal to the current times a type of this quantity. Since this property of a black hole does not decrease with time, it is analogous to entropy in black hole thermodynamics. A measure of the rate of scattering events that has units of this quantity is often reported in barns. According to Amontons' second law, frictional force is (*) independent of this property of the contact interface. Orbits sweep out equal amounts of this quantity in equal time according to Kepler's second law. Pressure, which is often given in units of PSI, is defined as force per unit of this quantity. For 10 points, name this quantity that is measured in square meters.

Arches

The number of these elements differentiates "quadripartite" and "sexpartite" structures. These are the simpler of two kinds of structures made of voussoirs [voo-SWARs]. The "ogee" form of these structures was used in the Perpendicular or Flamboyant style. Three tiers of these structures in different sizes comprise the (*) Pont du Gard. A number of these structures in a row forms a barrel vault. A flying buttress is basically half of one of these structures. They're semicircular in Romanesque architecture and pointy in Gothic architecture. For 10 points, name these curved structures.

Aaron Copland

The original set for one of this composer's ballets included two minimalist steps leading up to a platform with a sculpture inspired by a rocking chair. Eugene Loring choreographed a ballet by this man that ends with the title character's death, followed by a return to the "open" fifths of the beginning. This composer excerpted Four Dance Episodes from a collaboration with (*) Agnes de Mille. That ballet by him includes a "Saturday Night Waltz." Isamu Noguchi designed the set for a Martha Graham-choreographed ballet by this man that ends with variations on "Simple Gifts." For 10 points, name this American composer of Billy the Kid and Appalachian Spring.

Electrons

The presence of this species and an alkali metal in an ammonia solution causes a deep blue color. The number of moles of this species involved in a reaction is labeled n or z in the denominator of the fraction in the Nernst equation. One mole of this species is used to define the (*) Faraday constant. Canceling these species is the last step of balancing a pair of half reactions. A net flow of these species is compensated by the movement of anions through a salt bridge. These species leave a galvanic cell at the anode and return at the cathode. Reduction is a gain, and oxidation is a loss, of—for 10 points—what negatively charged components of atoms?

Dublin

The protagonist of a story set in this city goes out for a drink after being yelled at by his boss for not finishing his work. At the end of that story, Tom Farrington loses an arm-wrestling contest in this city and beats his son. It's the setting of "Counterparts," as well as a story in which a boy looks for a gift for Mangan's sister in the title (*) bazaar. In a story set in this city, Gretta reminisces about her former lover Michael Furey to her dismayed husband, Gabriel Conroy. This city's University College is attended by Stephen Dedalus. "Araby," "The Dead," and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man are set in—for 10 points—what hometown of James Joyce and capital of Ireland?

Republic of South Africa

The protagonists of a novel set in this country learn to eat foods like mealie-meal and pap. It's the setting of a play in which Zachariah has his brother Morris meet his pen-pal Ethel Lange in his place. This country is the setting of a play in which the servants (*) Sam and Willie prepare for a ballroom dance competition and the teenager Hally demands to be called the title name. It's home to the author of Blood Knot and Master Harold...and the Boys, Athol Fugard. In this country, the title servant of a novel helps load a bakkie in which Maureen and Bam Smales escape a riot. Nadine Gordimer's July's People protests the Apartheid system of—for 10 points—what country?

Polynomials

The set of these entities over a ring is denoted with an "x" in square brackets. These entities can arbitrarily approximate any continuous function according to the Weierstrass [VYE-ur-strahss] theorem. One of these objects is produced by taking the determinant of "lambda times the identity matrix, minus another matrix." Most of these functions can't be solved by (*) radicals, according to the Abel-Ruffini theorem. Factoring these functions can make finding their roots easier, and second-degree examples of them can be solved with the quadratic formula. For 10 points, name these functions of integer powers of a variable, such as "x squared plus five."

Charlie Chaplin

This actor popularized the use of "walking alone into the distance" endings. This man's character is told "It's no Buckingham Palace" after he dislodges a broom, causing his house's roof to fall in. His character accidentally gets high from eating contraband cocaine in a film whose only (*) dialogue comes from his boss on a screen. His character makes two bread rolls dance in a film in which he's forced to eat his own shoe. In a 1936 movie, his character makes a repetitive wrenching motion after being fed through the gears of a factory machine. For 10 points, name this star of The Gold Rush and Modern Times, who wore a bowler hat and moustache as The Tramp.

Francisco Goya

This artist depicted a man blithely taking his clothes off beside a chair in And the house is on fire. He painted his maid and likely lover leaning on a burial mound in his Leocadia, and two hovering people point at a large, blocky mountain in his Asmodea; he made both of those murals for a "Villa of the Deaf." Édouard Manet was inspired by two paintings this man made of the same woman (*) reclining, once dressed and once nude. He made an etching of bats and owls crowding a man slumped face-down on his desk. The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters is by—for 10 points—what Spanish artist of Los Caprichos, whose Black Paintings include Saturn Devouring His Son?

Duchamp

This artist's last work, found in the Philadelphia Museum, is divided into the numbered parts "The Waterfall" and "The Illuminating Gas," and consists of a battered wooden door with two peepholes, through which you can see a landscape with a spreadeagle nude woman. This artist of Étant donnés, who supposedly gave up art for (*) chess around 1923, disparaged "retinal" art, instead creating the prototypes of conceptual art. This creator of In Advance of the Broken Arm penciled a mustache and goatee on a postcard of the Mona Lisa. For 10 points, name this French artist who made "readymades" by signing his name to a snow shovel and a urinal.

Raskolnikov

This character, whose name derives from the word for "schism," begins the novel in rags, having not eaten for two days. This character writes an article about people who have the ability to speak a "new word." In Chapter I, this protagonist walks "in hesitation" towards K. bridge, having succeeded in his attempt to evade his (*) landlady. This student, who considers himself an "extraordinary man" like Napoleon, disapproves of his sister Dunia's betrothal to the lawyer Luzhin, and first confesses to the prostitute Sonya. For 10 points, name this murderer of the pawnbroker Alyona, the protagonist of Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment.

Samsara

This concept embodies the principle of anicca or anitya, one of three "Marks." This concept, which does not directly affect one's atman, can be mitigated by self-knowledge or jnana. Other paths away from this concept include raja and bhakti. The (*) end of this concept, along with artha, kama, and dharma, is one of the four Purusharthas or main goals of human life in Hinduism. In Tibetan Buddhism, this concept is represented with the Bhavachakra, a wheel. The end of this cycle comes with moksha. One's karma impacts—for 10 points—what cycle of death and reincarnation?

Radium

This element's chloride is often found alongside barium chloride, from which it is separated by fractional crystallization. The discoverer of actinium, André-Louis Debierne, helped this element's discoverer isolate its metallic form. This element and zinc sulfide were used in watch dial paint that workers ingested by licking brushes. This heaviest alkaline (*) earth metal is usually extracted from uranium or thorium ore. The discoverer of this element and polonium won Nobel Prizes in both Physics and Chemistry, becoming the first woman to win either. Marie Curie's death was caused by exposure to—for 10 points—what radioactive element with symbol Ra?

Vertigo

This film's opening credits, which include swirling mathematical curves designed with Saul Bass, have been cited as the first instance of computer graphics on film. This film was the first to use the effect of zooming in while moving the camera away, so that the foreground stays the same size. Its protagonist has a trippy dream with flashes of red over flashbacks to the grave and portrait of Carlotta Valdes. The (*) dolly zoom was invented for this film, in which both Judy and Gavin's wife Madeleine are killed by falling off the belltower of the Mission. For 10 points, name this Alfred Hitchcock film in which Jimmy Stewart's Scottie feels the title spinning sensation due to his fear of heights.

Shiva

This god transforms ten million idle and unfocused gods into stone when they oversleep on the morning of a journey. In another myth, this god's mount transforms into a shark in order to find this god's wife, who has been transformed into a fisherwoman. This god judges a contest between a pair of rival gods while in the form of a (*) pillar of fire. This god's devotee Ravana spends one thousand years crushed underneath this god's home of Mount Kailash. In his capacity as the "lord of dance", or nata·raja, this father of Ganesha is often depicted alongside his wife Parvati. For 10 points, name this Hindu god of destruction who forms a trinity with Brahma and Vishnu.

Saint John

This is the name of a man whose left hand touches his chest while his right hand points upward in a very dark painting that's thought to be Leonardo da Vinci's last work. A man with this name is depicted with a book on the far left of an Albrecht Dürer painting of four men. A non-Jesus man with this name is depicted in Raphael's (*) Madonnas of the Meadow and of the Goldfinch. An effeminate-looking man with this name leans away from Jesus's right in Leonardo's Last Supper. Titian and others depicted Salome with the Head of a man of this name. For 10 points, give the name of the saint depicted in Leonardo's The Baptism of Christ.

Two

This is the number of nitrogens in an imidazole ring. Both the dehydro halogenation of alkyl halides and the Wittig reaction produce compounds with a carbon-carbon bond of this order. Compounds designated ortho have substitutions at the one position and this numbered position. This is the ratio of hydrogens to carbons in (*) alkenes. Bonds of this order arise from s-p-2 hybridization. This is the number of carbons in acetic acid. Bonds of this order include one pi bond. Alkenes must contain a bond of this order. For 10 points, give the number of atoms in each molecule of hydrogen or oxygen gas.

Paper

This material's "tooth" varies in its "cold press" and "hot press" types, and it can sometimes feature a laid pattern. The "rag" type of this material is often heavily deckled. Types of this material are often differentiated by their "caliper" and "basis weight," measured in pounds. Artworks made from this material can start with (*) bases like "kite" or "waterbomb." Manufacturers of this material are identified by their watermarks. 3D objects are often made of this material by layering strips of it soaked in a flour-water mixture. Sizes like A1 describe—for 10 points—what material that's folded to make origami?

Markov

This mathematician proved that the probability of "a random variable being greater than or equal to a" is less than or equal to "its expected value divided by a." The simplest dynamic Bayesian network is a "hidden" example of this mathematician's namesake model. Chebyshev's inequality can be proven using this man's namesake inequality. He names a model in which the current (*) state is multiplied by a transition matrix to find probabilities of the next state. Random walks and other stochastic processes can be studied using—for 10 points—what Russian mathematician's namesake "chains"?

Mosaic

This medium was used to cover the most prestigious iwans and muqarnas of Bukhara and Isfahan. The central part of artworks in this medium was sometimes called an emblema. This medium was often used for a Christ Pantocrator image in the apse. One of these artworks was found at the House of the Faun in Pompeii and depicts (*) Alexander the Great. These artworks cover the Great Mosque of Damascus, and they decorate the inside of Venice's St Mark's Basilica and the Hagia Sophia. Their components are called tesserae, and they originated from early assemblies of pebbles on the floor. For 10 points, name these artworks made from bits of colored stone or glass.

Hegel

This philosopher originated the idea that self-consciousness comes from the recognition of other consciousnesses, which inverts the subject-object relation. This philosopher posited that seemingly contradictory terms can be "lifted up" or "sublated" into a "higher" concept, in what he called Aufhebung. Karl (*) Marx claimed to have stood this philosopher "on his head." This philosopher thought that history consists of the growing self-knowledge of the "world-spirit." This man's method is often oversimplified as "thesis-antithesis-synthesis." For 10 points, what German idealist described the master-slave dialectic and built on the work of Kant in his Phenomenology of Spirit?

Stoicism

This philosophical tradition has recently become popular in the U.S. military due to a book by James Stockdale. A philosopher of this school devised a system of propositional logic that was more popular than Aristotle's until the early Middle Ages. A philosopher from this school emphasized the careful use of one's prohairesis, which is the only thing truly within our power. A Handbook and (*) Discourses in this tradition were written by the former slave Epictetus. Nero's tutor Seneca espoused this school, which is exemplified by the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius. For 10 points, name this philosophical school that emphasized self-control and detachment from worldly things.

Othello

This play includes the first recorded use of the idiom "wearing your heart on your sleeve." A character in this play calls reputation "an idle and most false imposition" and tells the audience that he's going to lie by saying "I am not what I am." Its title character is furious when his wife "loses" a strawberry-patterned handkerchief. A character in this play tells (*) Brabantio that his daughter is making "the beast with two backs" with the title character. In this play, that husband of Emilia calls jealousy "the green-ey'd monster" and is infuriated by Cassio's promotion. For 10 points, name this Shakespeare tragedy, in which Desdemona is killed after Iago tricks the title Moor of Venice.

Howl

This poem's first part describes "a million girls trembling in the sunset" and "the romance of the streets." Its Footnote calls "the groaning saxophone," "the vast lamb of the middle class," and many other things "Holy!" In a section that asks about a "sphinx of cement and aluminum" that "bashed open their skulls and ate up their brains and imagination," this poem repeats the name (*) "Moloch!" In its third and last part, its speaker tells Carl Solomon "I'm with you in Rockland." Its opening laments the speaker's "starving hysterical naked" friends. The speaker "saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness" in—for 10 points—what poem by Allen Ginsberg?

Paradise Lost

This poem's preface "The Verse" attacks the "jingling sound of like endings" to justify its lack of rhyme. Halfway through this poem, its speaker invokes the "meaning," but "not the Name" of Urania. This poem's opening declares itself an "adventurous Song, / That with no middle flight intends to soar," in an invocation to a spirit that "from the (*) first / was present." At the end of this poem, its protagonists take "their solitary way" "hand in hand with wandering steps and slow." This poem aims "to justify the ways of God to man." "Man's First Disobedience, and the Fruit / of that Forbidden Tree" are depicted in—for 10 points—what epic poem by John Milton?

Sylvia Plath

This poet described nurses passing by "the way gulls pass inland in their white caps" in a poem that claims "I am nobody; I have nothing to do with explosions." This poet has "given my...history to the anesthetist and my body to surgeons" in a poem about flowers that "eat my oxygen." A woman arises "out of the ash" and (*) "eat[s] men like air" in another poem by this author of "Tulips." Dr. Gordon gives electroshock therapy to Esther Greenwood in this author's only novel. The line "You do not do, you do not do" begins her poem about a "man in black with a Meinkampf look." "Lady Lazarus" was written by—for 10 points—what author of The Bell Jar and "Daddy"?

Voodoo

This religion's initiation rite includes a series of baths and the crushing of leaves. Many rites in this religion are accompanied by words called "Langaj" with a "j." In this religion, the soul is made up of the "big" and "little" good angels. Spirits in this religion are grouped into "nations" like Rada, Petro, and Ghede. This religion's (*) sorcerers are known as bokor, and are contrasted with its male priests, or houngans and female priests, or mambos. In this religion, the supreme God Bondye can be reached by loas like the guardian of the crossroads Papa Legba and the death spirit Baron Samedi. For 10 points, name this syncretic religion of Haiti.

The Ecstasy of Saint Theresa

This sculpture's creator also painted a fresco above it depicting a dove amidst some pink clouds. Two wall panels surrounding this sculpture depict members of its donor family gesturing and talking as if they were in boxes at a theater. This sculpture is lit by a hidden window with yellow glass. The robe of this sculpture's central figure billows around an unpolished marble cloud, which (*) her right foot has slipped off. It's the centerpiece of the Cornaro Chapel. A grinning angel aims an arrow at this sculpture's central woman, who is "lit up" by gilded rays behind this sculpture. For 10 points, name this sculpture by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, which depicts the vision of a Spanish saint.

Billie Holiday

This singer collaborated with Arthur Herzog, Jr. on songs like "Don't Explain." This singer wrote a song beginning "Them that's got shall get / Them that's not shall lose / So the Bible says and it still is news." This frequent collaborator with Lester Young made the first commercially successful recording of "Summertime." She adopted parts of her signature raspy sound from (*) Bessie Smith. This singer made famous a song that describes "Blood on the leaves and blood at the root" from the title "Black bodies swinging in the Southern breeze." For 10 points, name this writer of "God Bless the Child" and popularizer of the protest song "Strange Fruit," a jazz singer nicknamed "Lady."

Hippocampus

This structure is supported by the subiculum. A reversible loss of volume in this structure occurs in Cushing's disease due to the density of glucocorticoid receptors within it. The posterior portion was found to be significantly enlarged in London black cab drivers. This structure was removed in Patient (*) H.M. In rats, it contains place cells. This structure is adjacent to the dentate gyrus, and it lies below the amygdala and hypothalamus. Damage to it causes anterograde amnesia. For 10 points, name this part of the brain's limbic system that's "seahorse-shaped" and involved in long-term memory.

Oxidation states

This value is plotted against free energy on Frost diagrams. This value changes at two carbons in ozonolysis. An increase in this value increases a bond's covalent character. This value is unusually high for the central atom of permanganate. When calculating this value, electrons are assigned to the more electronegative atom, unlike in (*) formal charge computations. This value decreases for an atom undergoing a reduction. This value, which determines the suffixes "-ous" and "-ic," is written with Roman numerals in parentheses. For 10 points, name this value, the number of electrons an atom has gained or lost.

String Quartets

Two pieces in this genre that were written 11 years apart both have second-movement scherzos marked "Assez vif" [ah-"say" VEEF] and "rythmé" [reet-MAY]. Five works in this genre are the best-known pieces by Elliott Carter. Ravel modelled his F-major piece in this genre on Debussy's piece in this genre, which is in G minor. Alban Berg's (*) Lyric Suite is in this genre. Béla Bartók wrote six of these pieces, which are performed by ensembles with names like "Emerson" and "Kronos." Mozart dedicated six of these pieces, including the "Dissonance" one, to Haydn, who is often called the "Father" of this chamber genre. For 10 points, name this genre for two violins, viola, and cello.

DNA Replication

UvrD can initiate this process in the presence of AP sites in the "translesion" form of this process. An enzyme central to this process produces the Klenow fragment when cleaved by subtilisin. The BER and NER pathways use glycosylases and endonucleases to correct errors in this process. The product of this process, which resembles a trombone, is reconfigured by (*) topoisomerases. This process takes place at a namesake "fork." During this process, which occurs during S phase, Okazaki fragments form on the lagging end, while polymerases add nucleotides at the 3-prime end of DNA. For 10 points, name this process in which genetic material is duplicated.

Strings

Within these objects in Python 3, enclosure in curly braces signals later modification. These objects are operated on with a "rolling" hash function in the Rabin-Karp algorithm. In one programming tool, the start and end of these objects are signified by a carat and a dollar sign. The "main" method in Java always takes an array of these objects, traditionally assigned the variable name (*) "args." These objects are immutable in all major languages, and they often use "backslash-n" to signify a newline. They are searched using regular expressions, and two of them are joined in concatenation. Sequences of characters make up—for 10 points—what variable type used to store text?