National Board Darby Questions Ch 9 Microbiology

Identify the type of stinging procedure used to distinguish between gram-positive and gram negative bacteria.

Gram staining

During the initiation phase of plaque formation, the predominant bacteria present are

Gram- positive cocci and rods

Coxsackievirus A is responsible for causing

Herpangina

A person presents with raised, white, non removable plaques on the buccal mucosa, hard palate and for sum of tongue.

Hyperplastic candidiasis

Skin and oral lesions are clinical symptoms of what disease?

Leprosy

Bilateral swelling is most likely indicative of

Ludwig's angina

The antibacterial agent used to treat tetanus is

Metronidazole

What cellular structure is involved in energy synthesis (ATP production)?

Mitochondrion

Infection acquired during a hospital stay is called:

Nosocomial

An infection caused by a pathogen that does not normally cause disease in a healthy individual is indicative of which type of infection?

Opportunistic

Warts are caused by this virus?

Papillomavirus

The type of microbial relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism is called

Parasitism is an interaction in which one organism benefits at the expense of the other

In which phase of bacterial growth is there a decrease in the number of cells?

Phase of decline

What is the correct morphologic name for bacteria that do not have a defined shape?

Pleomorphic

Gram positive bacteria cell wall

*Thicker & More Uniform* More *Resistant to mechanical damage* Predominantly composed of: 1. *Peptidoglycan* 2. *Teichoic* Acid

Acidophiles prefer a pH of

0-4

The incubation period for hepatitis B is:

45 to 160 days

In which phase of metabolism is energy released?

Catabolism is a degradation reaction that releases energy

Hyperplastic candidiasis presents as a

A raised, white nonremovable plaque commonly found on the buccal mucosa, hard palate, dorsum of tongue

Varicella-zoster viruses are responsible for the formation of

Chickenpox

The bacterial species primarily responsible for root caries is:

Actinomyces naeslundii

Ludwig's angina is often caused by normal flora gaining access through

An infected tooth

The type of immunity acquired by injection of immune serum is called?

Artificial passive

Heterotropic organisms do NOT require organic compounds for growth. Autotrophic organisms do require organic compounds for growth.

Both statements are false. Heterotrophic organisms require organic compounds for growth. autotrophic organisms do not require organic compounds for growth

Exotoxins are soluble microbial virulence factors secreted by gram-positive bacteria. Endotoxins are heat-stable polysaccharide microbial virulence factors secreted by gram-negative bacteria.

Both statements are true

All the following are prerequisites for caries development except: A. Cariogenic bacteria B. Supply of substrate for acid production C. Susceptible host D. Calculus

Calculus

Herpes viruses causes

Cold sores

In eukaryotes, respiration occurs through what cellular structure?

Cytoplasmic membrane

The type of microscopic technique used to examine unstained microorganisms, spirochetes, and hanging drop preparations.

Darkfield microscopy is used to examine unstained microorganisms and spirochetes and hanging drop preparation

S. Mutans is the primary organism present in

Dental caries

The type of media used to produce visual differentiation between several microorganisms is called

Differential media

The causative agent of infectious mononucleosis is

Epstein-Barr virus

The causative agent of urinary tract infections is

Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli is a gram- positive bacillus. Escherichia coli is the causative agent of urinary tract infection.

First statement false. Second statement true Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacilli. Escherichia coli is the causative agent of urinary tract infections

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is frequently seen in the elderly population. The causative agent in hand-foot-mouth disease is coxsackievirus A.

First statement false. Second statement true Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is commonly found in children

Kaposi's sarcoma is associated with the herpesvirus. B cell lymphomas are associated with the AIDs virus

First statement false. Second statement true Kaposi's sarcoma and B-cell lymphomas are secondary neoplasms associated with the AIDs virus

The cardinal signs of inflammation include heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Pus formation is NOT possible in the inflammatory process.

First statement is true. Second statement is false The cardinal signs of inflammation include heat, pain, redness, swelling, loss of function. Pus formation is possible in the inflammatory process

Gingival inflammation without the presence of periodontal pocketing and bone loss is indicative of

Gingivitis

Which immunoglobulin plays an important role in hypersensitivity reactions?

IgE

All the following are clinical signs and symptoms associated with a tetanus infection except one. Which is the exception? A. Trismus B. Spasms of facial muscles C. Infection of external ear canal D. Dysphagia

Infection of the external ear canal (sign and symptom of pseudomonas aeruginosa infection)

The primary organism in necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is

Prevotella intermedia

All of the following are functions of the cell wall except: A. Determines and maintains the shape of the microorganisms B. Provides support for flagella C. Prevents rupture of the cell resulting from differing osmotic pressure D. Protein synthesis

Protein synthesis

Endospores are formed during a process called

Sporulation

The type of bacteria assoicated with rheumatic fever is:

Streptococcal species

A gumma is present during which stage of a syphilis infection?

Tertiary

gram negative cell wall

Thin peptidoglycan Outer membrane Periplasmic space

Direct uptake of donor DNA by a recipient cell is called:

Transformation

The causative agent of syphilis

Treponema pallidum

NUG is an anaerobic infection. Predominant microflora present include prevotella intermedia, spirochetes, fusiform bacteria.

True

Prokaryotes reproduce via binary fission. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction.

True

Transmission of hepatitis A occurs through the fecal-oral route. Transmission of hepatitis B occurs through the parenteral route.

True

The structure that functions as storage site for amino acids, carbohydrates, and protein is

Vacuole