National Board Darby Questions Ch 9 Microbiology
Identify the type of stinging procedure used to distinguish between gram-positive and gram negative bacteria.
Gram staining
During the initiation phase of plaque formation, the predominant bacteria present are
Gram- positive cocci and rods
Coxsackievirus A is responsible for causing
Herpangina
A person presents with raised, white, non removable plaques on the buccal mucosa, hard palate and for sum of tongue.
Hyperplastic candidiasis
Skin and oral lesions are clinical symptoms of what disease?
Leprosy
Bilateral swelling is most likely indicative of
Ludwig's angina
The antibacterial agent used to treat tetanus is
Metronidazole
What cellular structure is involved in energy synthesis (ATP production)?
Mitochondrion
Infection acquired during a hospital stay is called:
Nosocomial
An infection caused by a pathogen that does not normally cause disease in a healthy individual is indicative of which type of infection?
Opportunistic
Warts are caused by this virus?
Papillomavirus
The type of microbial relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism is called
Parasitism is an interaction in which one organism benefits at the expense of the other
In which phase of bacterial growth is there a decrease in the number of cells?
Phase of decline
What is the correct morphologic name for bacteria that do not have a defined shape?
Pleomorphic
Gram positive bacteria cell wall
*Thicker & More Uniform* More *Resistant to mechanical damage* Predominantly composed of: 1. *Peptidoglycan* 2. *Teichoic* Acid
Acidophiles prefer a pH of
0-4
The incubation period for hepatitis B is:
45 to 160 days
In which phase of metabolism is energy released?
Catabolism is a degradation reaction that releases energy
Hyperplastic candidiasis presents as a
A raised, white nonremovable plaque commonly found on the buccal mucosa, hard palate, dorsum of tongue
Varicella-zoster viruses are responsible for the formation of
Chickenpox
The bacterial species primarily responsible for root caries is:
Actinomyces naeslundii
Ludwig's angina is often caused by normal flora gaining access through
An infected tooth
The type of immunity acquired by injection of immune serum is called?
Artificial passive
Heterotropic organisms do NOT require organic compounds for growth. Autotrophic organisms do require organic compounds for growth.
Both statements are false. Heterotrophic organisms require organic compounds for growth. autotrophic organisms do not require organic compounds for growth
Exotoxins are soluble microbial virulence factors secreted by gram-positive bacteria. Endotoxins are heat-stable polysaccharide microbial virulence factors secreted by gram-negative bacteria.
Both statements are true
All the following are prerequisites for caries development except: A. Cariogenic bacteria B. Supply of substrate for acid production C. Susceptible host D. Calculus
Calculus
Herpes viruses causes
Cold sores
In eukaryotes, respiration occurs through what cellular structure?
Cytoplasmic membrane
The type of microscopic technique used to examine unstained microorganisms, spirochetes, and hanging drop preparations.
Darkfield microscopy is used to examine unstained microorganisms and spirochetes and hanging drop preparation
S. Mutans is the primary organism present in
Dental caries
The type of media used to produce visual differentiation between several microorganisms is called
Differential media
The causative agent of infectious mononucleosis is
Epstein-Barr virus
The causative agent of urinary tract infections is
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a gram- positive bacillus. Escherichia coli is the causative agent of urinary tract infection.
First statement false. Second statement true Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacilli. Escherichia coli is the causative agent of urinary tract infections
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is frequently seen in the elderly population. The causative agent in hand-foot-mouth disease is coxsackievirus A.
First statement false. Second statement true Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is commonly found in children
Kaposi's sarcoma is associated with the herpesvirus. B cell lymphomas are associated with the AIDs virus
First statement false. Second statement true Kaposi's sarcoma and B-cell lymphomas are secondary neoplasms associated with the AIDs virus
The cardinal signs of inflammation include heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Pus formation is NOT possible in the inflammatory process.
First statement is true. Second statement is false The cardinal signs of inflammation include heat, pain, redness, swelling, loss of function. Pus formation is possible in the inflammatory process
Gingival inflammation without the presence of periodontal pocketing and bone loss is indicative of
Gingivitis
Which immunoglobulin plays an important role in hypersensitivity reactions?
IgE
All the following are clinical signs and symptoms associated with a tetanus infection except one. Which is the exception? A. Trismus B. Spasms of facial muscles C. Infection of external ear canal D. Dysphagia
Infection of the external ear canal (sign and symptom of pseudomonas aeruginosa infection)
The primary organism in necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is
Prevotella intermedia
All of the following are functions of the cell wall except: A. Determines and maintains the shape of the microorganisms B. Provides support for flagella C. Prevents rupture of the cell resulting from differing osmotic pressure D. Protein synthesis
Protein synthesis
Endospores are formed during a process called
Sporulation
The type of bacteria assoicated with rheumatic fever is:
Streptococcal species
A gumma is present during which stage of a syphilis infection?
Tertiary
gram negative cell wall
Thin peptidoglycan Outer membrane Periplasmic space
Direct uptake of donor DNA by a recipient cell is called:
Transformation
The causative agent of syphilis
Treponema pallidum
NUG is an anaerobic infection. Predominant microflora present include prevotella intermedia, spirochetes, fusiform bacteria.
True
Prokaryotes reproduce via binary fission. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction.
True
Transmission of hepatitis A occurs through the fecal-oral route. Transmission of hepatitis B occurs through the parenteral route.
True
The structure that functions as storage site for amino acids, carbohydrates, and protein is
Vacuole