NCU sociology test #1 Brown
There is a social tie between me and my best friend's uncle even though I've never met him.
True
If group members share information and advice, provide support to one another, and have common interests but never meet in person, what kind of group are they a part of?
virtual community
The looking-glass self explains:
how we develop a self-concept based on our perceptions of others' judgments of us.
Many Marxist sociologists assume that large-scale economic structures are the most important factors in people's lives. Given this, what sort of sociology would these sociologist tend to prefer?
macrosociology
What is the sociological imagination?
the ability to understand the connections between biography and history, or the interplay of the self and the world
According to sociologists, an individual's genetic makeup will determine what kind of personality and character traits he develops in life.
False
If two people worked together to make the test you are now taking, it would have been produced twice as fast than if it were written by one person.
False
Postmodern social theorists attempt to construct "grand narratives," overarching theories that give a sense of order and coherence to the world.
False
Primary and secondary groups are distinct and unique from one another. There is no overlap.
False
Secondary groups cannot be geographically dispersed.
False
Children raised without human interaction or with a minimum of human contact are referred to as ____________ children.
Feral
According to the symbolic interactionist George Herbert Mead, a distinct sense of self is developed in play through a process of "role-taking," where young children learn the guidelines and expectations associated with a variety of roles.
True
How do sociologists distinguish a group from a crowd?
A crowd doesn't necessarily feel a shared identity.
Harriet Martineau
A precursor to naturalistic sociologist he translated Introduction to Positive Philosophy into English
All left-handed people in the United States would be classified as a(n):
Category
Durkheim theorized that the rapidly changing conditions of modern life lead to anomie. What is anomie?
Durkheim theorized that the rapidly changing conditions of modern life lead to anomie. What is anomie?
Which of the following statements best describes the approach taken by macrosociologists?
Macrosociology directly examines large-scale social structures in order to see how they affect individual lives
A female police officer who struggles with commanding respect from male colleagues while also presenting herself in traditionally feminine ways may be experiencing:
Role strain
Which of the following is true of socialization
The process is reciprocal: society shapes the individual and the individual shapes society.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the nature of bureaucracies?
They are organized in a way that breaks down hierarchies of management so that all members feel a sense of equality with one another.
According to Emile Durkheim, all of the social groups to which an individual is connected impose norms, which place limits on the individual's actions
True
Emile Durkheim worried that, in an increasingly fragmented modern world, individuals would feel less and less connected to groups, which would lead to:
anomie, or normlessness.
According to Karl Marx, how could a belief in heaven as a reward for earthly suffering serve the interests of the ruling class?
by keeping the lower class from demanding better treatment in this life
Sociologists observe society
by studying the various parts of a society and the ways they interact and influence each other.
Auguste Comte
coined the term sociology and developed positivism as a theory
Herbert Spencer
coined the term survival of the fittest and his philosophy is often referred to as "social Darwinism"
Howard Becker said that sociology can best be understood as the study of people "doing things together." This definition reminds us that
neither society nor the individual exists in isolation; each is dependent on the other.
According to Sigmund Freud, which part of the mind is composed of biological drives and consequently is the source of psychic energy?
the id
According to C. Wright Mills, what one quality of mind do all great sociologist possess?
sociological imagination
The nature vs. nurture debate helps us understand
the complex interaction between hereditary traits and social learning
How do sociologists define the self?
the experience of a real identity, distinct from other people
Which part of the mind would Freud have described as being like a "type of conscience that punishes misbehavior with feelings of guilt?"
the super ego