nervous system

The glial cells responsible for maintaining the blood brain barrier are the

Astrocytes

The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the CNS are the

Astrocytes

Synaptic knobs occur at ends of

Axons

The ion needed to initiate the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is

Calcium

Which type of synapse dominates the nervous system

Chemical synapse

Branches that sometimes occur along the length of an axon are called

Collaterals

The cytoplasmic extensions and soma provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are the

Dendrites

Opening of sodium channels in the membrane of a neuron results in

Depolarization

At the normal resting potential of a typical neuron the ion exchange pump

Exchanges 3 intracellular Na+ for 2 extracellular K+

A neuron that is excited to sub-threshold is said to be

Facilitated -ready to send action potential

Salutatory conduction

Faster than conduction on an unmyelinated axon

Small phagocytic cells that are specially obvious in damaged tissue in the CNS

Microglia

Most neurons in the brain are

Multipolar

Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon extending away from the soma are called

Multipolar

Cell responsible for info processing and transfer

Neurons

How would a toxin that blocks the sodium channels form opening effect the neuron?

Neurons would not be able to propagate action potentials

Collection of ribosomes in neurons are referred to as

Nissl bodies

Adrenergic synapses release the neurotransmitter

Noreplnephrine

When a neuron is at rest which ion passes through its membrane most easily

Potassium

The polarization of a nerve fiber refers to having the

Potassium ions inside the cell and sodium outside the cell

What is the function of the Motor System

Sending signals to muscles

Info received by the brain is called

Sensation

The neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is formed by the

Shwann cells

Neurotransmitters are released from the

Synaptic terminals/knobs

Interneurons

are found only in the central nervous system-receive information and help send out impulse

The region of the brain that is involved in the conscious thought and intellectual function is the

cerebrum

A neural cortex is found on the surface of the

cerebrum and cerebellum

Major centers concerned with autonomic control of breathing

heart rate, and ect are located where, in the medulla oblongata

Most neurons lack centrioles this observation explains

why they cannot regenerate

The 3 general functions of nervous system are

sensory & motor & integrative

The specialized membranes that protect the spinal cord are termed

spinal meninges

The cortex inferior to the lateral sulcus is the

temporal lobe

If a resting potential becomes more negative

the cell, Hyperpolarizes

Overseeing the postural muscles maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of

the cerebellum

What acts as a relay center for integration of conscious/unconscious sensory and motor pathways

the diencephalon

The cerebral hemispheres are separated by

the longitudinal fissure

The visual cortex is located where

the occipital lobe

The pia mater is the payer of the meninges that is in direct contact with what

the surface of the brain

Diffusion across the arachnoid villi returns excess CSF to

venous circulation

Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear what color

white

if the sodium potassium pumps in the plasma membrane fail to function

Action potential wont go & extracellular concentration will increase

Neurons normally derive ATP solely through

Aerobic respiration - presence of oxygen

The par of the PNS that brings info to the CNS

Afferent division

Neurons that have on axon and one dendrite with the soma between them are called

Bipolar

The most rapid action potentials are conducted on

Thick myelinated axons

Regions of the nervous system are dominated by myelinated axons constitute

White matter

The white matter of the cerebellum forms what

arbor vitae

Regions of the brain that are involved in interpreting data or coordinating motor responses are what

association areas

Brain waves found on an EEG during times of stress or tension are

beta waves

The diencephalon links the cerebral hemispheres with what

brain stem

The highest levels of information processing occur in the

cerebrum

The part of the brain that functions to control skeletal muscles is the

cerebrum

The epithalamus contains what

chorois plexus and pineal gland

The primary connection between cerebral hemispheres is the

corpus callosum

Which ventricle is associated with the pons and upper medulla

fourth

Stimulation of the reticular formation results in

increases consciousness

Which is of the following is a function of neurons

information processing

If a person cannot move their right arm then the stroke damaged what

left frontal lobe

Division of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bone are called

lobes

If Brocas area is damaged what happens

loss of ability to speak

The myelin sheaths that surround the axons of some of the neurons in the CNS are formed by

oligodendrocytes

Cerebellum functions for the

postural reflexes